Maria Jose Perez Molina

Oceanic Platform of the Canary Islands (PLOCAN)

Developing reliable protection systems is critical for the advancement of medium-voltage direct-current (MVDC) grids. This paper highlights the significance of fault detection in MVDC grids, especially in ensuring the reliability and efficiency of renewable energy systems. This paper provides a comparative analysis of fault detection algorithms, in...

Future MVDC grids will be used to reinforce the grid infrastructure enhancing transmission capabilities, minimizing losses, and providing capability to compensate reactive power as well as to control load flows. This paper addresses the protection of MVDC grids, which is one of the main challenges to be overcome, before taking advantage of all the...

Single-ended protection systems present the characteristics needed to fulfil the restrictive speed requirement related to high voltage direct current grids. This paper proposes a novel single-ended protection algorithm based on the DC voltage across the limiting inductors placed at each link end. Voltage measurements are taken at both terminals of...

The development of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission technology is still challenging due to unresolved technical issues, mostly in terms of protecting the system. The overcurrents and voltage drop produced by fault conditions are severely dangerous to the Voltage Source Converters’ (VSC) electronic components. Hence, fast protection s...

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In this article, we focus on the development and scope of virtual power plants (VPPs) as a strategy to facilitate the integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) in the power system. Firstly, the concepts about VPPs and their scope and limitations are introduced. Secondly, smart management systems for the integration of DERs are considered a...

Local-measurement-based algorithms are relevant as primary protection for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) grids due to the restriction in operation speed. The communication time delay significantly affects communication-based algorithms, therefore, they are mostly implemented as backup protection or for high-resistance fault detection. This pape...

HVDC grids demand the fast and reliable operation of the protection system. The failure of any protection element should initialize a backup protection almost immediately in order to assure the system’s stability. This paper proposes a novel backup strategy that covers the failure of the primary protection including the malfunctioning of the HVDC c...

Given the current evolution of Voltage Source Converters (VSC), Multi-Terminal High Voltage Direct Current (MTDC) grids are now becoming a real possibility. Still, some technical issues have to be addressed. The protection of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) grids is the main technical challenge that is slowing down the development of MTDC grids....

Nowadays, high voltage direct current transmission systems are being selected over the traditional alternating current transmission for very long transmission distances. However, there are still some unresolved challenges, most of them in terms of protection of the system. If using traditional protection systems used in alternating current grids, t...

Protection of a meshed VSC-HVDC grid is a challenge due to the behaviour of DC current and voltage signals during fault conditions. Protection systems must operate in a very short time range. Since fault detection should be very fast, local measurement based algorithms are mostly used; communication based algorithms lack the needed speed as a resul...

Nowadays, High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmissions are gaining relevance in long distance and renewable energy integration projects over the conventional Alternating Current (AC) transmissions due to several advantages as improved flexibility and independent active and reactive power controllability. Despite that, the high currents and volt...

One of the most important challenges of developing multi-terminal (MT) high voltage direct current (HVDC) grids is the system performance under fault conditions. It must be highlighted that the operating time of the protection system needs to be shorter than a few milliseconds. Due to this restrictive requirement of speed, local measurement based a...

A great increase in the amount of energy generated from clean and renewable sources integrated in the electric power system is expected worldwide in the coming years. High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems are seen as a promising alternative to the traditional Alternating Current (AC) systems for the expansion of the electric power system. Howe...