Maria Gabriella Grusovin

• Independent Researcher

Aims To evaluate the influence of at least three abutment disconnections in conventionally loaded implants against placement of a definitive abutment in immediately non‐occlusal loaded implants on hard and soft tissue changes. A secondary aim was to evaluate whether the presence of less than 2 mm of keratinised mucosa is associated with increased p...

Background and Objectives: The influence of the quantity and quality of peri-implant soft tissue on implant health and long-term maintenance is controversial. This consensus aimed to assess the importance of peri-implant soft tissue by analyzing four aspects: the role of keratinized mucosa (KM), the efficacy of specific collagen matrix, the influen...

Objective The primary objective of this review is to compare autogenous soft tissue grafts (connective tissue graft – CTG and free gingival graft—FGG) with different type of matrices (acellular dermal matrix—ADM, xenograft collagen matrix—XCM, volume-stable collagen matrix—VCMX) used to increase peri-implant soft tissues. Materials and methods A s...

Purpose: To establish consensus-driven guidelines that could support the clinical decision-making process for implant-supported rehabilitation of the posterior atrophic maxilla and ultimately improve long-term treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction. Materials and methods: A total of 33 participants were enrolled (18 active members of the It...

Objectives To review the available literature on the medium‐ and long‐term effects of soft tissue augmentation (STA) at implant sites and to explore the effects of the different approaches on clinical‐, patient‐reported, and health‐related parameters. Materials and Methods A comprehensive electronic and manual search was performed to identify pros...

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the effect of keratinized mucosa (KM) on different peri-implant health-related parameters and on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Material and methods: Randomized controlled trials, cohort, cross-sectional and case–control human studies with a follow-up period of at least 6 mont...

The role of antibiotics as adjunctive therapy in the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis is uncertain. The aim of this systematic review of randomized controlled trials was to assess the efficacy of antibiotic therapy, local or systemic, as an adjunctive to the non-surgical therapy of peri-implantitis. Primary outcomes were: implant success...

Objective The aim of this 12-month mono-centre double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical study was to evaluate the efficacy of Lactobacillus reuteri-containing lozenges during the supportive therapy of generalized periodontitis stage III and IV, grade C (GPIII-IVC) patients. Material and methods Twenty treated GPIII-IVC patients were ran...

Objective: The aim of this randomized controlled clinical study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new technique fully based on the use of a piezoelectric device for third molar root extraction versus the conventional technique based on the use of manual and rotary instruments. Method and materials: Patients referred to the hospital of Bolzano fo...

Peri-implant soft tissues play a role of paramount importance, not only on the esthetic appearance, but also on the maintenance and long-term stability of implants. The present report presents the conclusions from the Consensus Conference of the South European North African Middle Eastern Implantology & Modern Dentistry Association (SENAME) (4–6 No...

Oral health is crucial for maintaining a satisfactory quality of life. In elderly patients, periodontal disease is a major oral health concern, and maintenance of good oral hygiene is of paramount importance. Various therapeutic modalities ranging from non-surgical to surgical (including implant therapy) and supportive therapies are available for t...

Aim The present review was performed in order to assess the effect of topical photodynamic therapy with 5-ALA in pre-malignant lesions, using the Tsai's protocol. Material and methods Studies, using the Tsai's protocol with topical photodynamic therapy with 5-ALA, in oral potentially malignant disorders (oral leukoplakia, oral eryhtroplakia, oral v...

Periodontal disease is a chronic disease and its effects accumulate with age. It represents an important oral health issue in elderly patients. Age-related biological changes in periodontal tissues and in immune response could alter the answer to the microbiological challenge that causes periodontal diseases. The microbiota burden itself can be dif...

Background: Implants may be placed penetrating the oral mucosa (1-stage procedure) or can be completely buried under the oral mucosa (2-stage procedure) during the healing phase of the bone at the implant surface. With a 2-stage procedure the risk of having unwanted loading onto the implants is minimized, but a second minor surgical intervention i...

Background: Peri-implantitis is a frequent disease that may lead to implant loss. The aim of this case series was to evaluate the clinical results of a new non-surgical treatment protocol. Methods: Fifteen patients with dental implants affected by peri-implantitis were treated with a multiple anti-infective non-surgical treatment (MAINST) which...

Objective: This study evaluated the strength of the association between three widely used clinical indexes considered as distal behavioural indicators of attitude-related oral status (an index of oral hygiene, the plaque index [PI] and two periodontal indexes, that is the presence of bleeding on probing [BOP] and of pockets probing depth [PPD]) an...

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of at least three abutment changes in conventionally loaded implants against placement of a definitive abutment in immediately non-occlusal loaded implants on hard and soft tissue changes. Materials and methods: Eighty patients requiring one single crown or one fixed partial prosthesis supported by a maximum of...

Purpose: To evaluate clinical safety and effectiveness of a novel calcium-incorporated titanium implant (Xpeed, MegaGen Implant Co. Limited, Gyeongbuk, South Korea). Materials and methods: In total, 60 patients were randomised to receive one to six titanium implants in the maxilla with either calcium-incorporated (Xpeed) or control resorbable bl...

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of at least three abutment disconnections in conventional loaded implants against placement of a definitive abutment in immediately non-occlusal loaded implants on hard and soft tissue changes. A secondary aim was to evaluate whether the presence of less than 2 mm of keratinised mucosa is associated with increase...

The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate bacterial microleakage from inside to outside the implant-abutment assembly in a new design of internal conical connection compared to eight different internal connections. The design of this connection should prevent or limit microbiologic leakage into the surrounding implant tissue, that could...

Purpose: To verify whether the diversity of systemic medical conditions and smoking act as biologic associated factors for peri-implantitis. Materials and methods: The PICO question was: "In patients with osseointegrated dental implants, does the presence of smoking habits or a compromised medical status influence the occurrence of peri-implanti...

Purpose: To evaluate advantages and disadvantages of identical implants with internal or external connections. Materials and methods: One hundred and twenty patients with any type of edentulism (single tooth, partial and total edentulism), requiring one implant-supported prosthesis were randomly allocated in two equal groups to receive either im...

Purpose: To evaluate advantages and disadvantages of identical implants with internal or external connections. Materials and methods: Two hundred patients with any type of edentulism (single tooth, partial and total edentulism) requiring one implant-supported prosthesis were randomly allocated in two equal groups to receive either implants with...

Purpose: To qualitatively investigate the microbiologic profile in peri-implantitis by systematically reviewing the published literature on peri-implant infection. Materials and methods: Searches of the US National Institutes of Health free digital archives of the biomedical and life sciences journal literature (PubMed) and The Cochrane Library...

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of a bone substitute covered with a resorbable membrane versus open flap debridement for the treatment of periodontal infrabony defects. Materials and methods: Ninety-seven patients with one infrabony defect, which was 3 mm or deeper and at least 2 mm wide were randomly allocated either to grafting with a b...

PURPOSE To evaluate clinical safety and effectiveness of a novel calcium-incorporated titanium implant surface (Xpeed, MegaGen Implant Co., Gyeongbuk, South Korea). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty patients were randomised to receive one to six implants in the maxilla with either calcium-incorporated (Xpeed) or control resorbable blasted media (RBM) su...

A recent study showed that implant-prosthetic rehabilitation in well-controlled HIV patients gave slightly worse results than in an healthy population, and failures were all linked to infection. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between the success of implant-prosthetic treatment and systemic CD4+ level, smoking habits, and oral...

The recent literature underlines a correlation between plaque and the development of periimplantitis but neglects the importance of the prosthetic factors. The purpose of this systematic review was to appraise the available literature to evaluate the role played by cement excess and misfitting components on the development of periimplantitis. An el...

To evaluate the influence of at least three abutment changes against the placement of a definitive abutment, which was no longer removed, on hard and soft tissue changes, and to compare the clinical outcomes of immediate non-occlusal loading versus conventional loading. Eighty patients requiring one single crown or one fixed partial prosthesis supp...

The clinical trial aimed to evaluate the survival of implant-prosthetic rehabilitation in controlled HIV-positive patients. This mono-centric study included HIV patients with a stable disease, requiring implant rehabilitation, with good oral hygiene. Each patient received at least one dental implant. After 90 days in the upper jaw and 60 days in th...

Purpose: To evaluate possible benefits of the adjunctive use of light-activated disinfection (LAD) in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Materials and methods: A total of 80 patients with at least one implant affected by peri-implantitis defined as at least 3 mm of bone loss on baseline radiographs in the presence of signs of infection (pus exud...

Objectives: To evaluate possible benefits of the adjunctive use of light-activated disinfection (LAD) in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Materials and methods: Eighty patients with at least one implant affected by peri-implantitis defined as at least 3 mm of bone loss from the baseline radiographs in the presence of signs of infection (pus ex...

Unlabelled: This review is based on a Cochrane systematic review entitled 'Interventions for replacing missing teeth: management of soft tissues for dental implants' published in The Cochrane Library (see http:// www.cochrane.org/ for information). Cochrane systematic reviews are regularly updated to include new research, and in response to commen...

To identify the most effective interventions for treating peri-implantitis around osseointe-grated oral implants. The Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched up to the 9th of June 2011 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing agents or interventions for treating peri-implantitis around oral i...

Background: Dental implants are usually placed by elevating a soft tissue flap, but in some instances, they can also be placed flapless reducing patient discomfort. Several flap designs and suturing techniques have been proposed. Soft tissues are often manipulated and augmented for aesthetic reasons. It is often recommended that implants are surro...

Background: One of the key factors for the long-term success of oral implants is the maintenance of healthy tissues around them. Bacterial plaque accumulation induces inflammatory changes in the soft tissues surrounding oral implants and it may lead to their progressive destruction (peri-implantitis) and ultimately to implant failure. Different tr...

Background: ‘Immediate’ implants are placed in dental sockets just after tooth extraction. ‘Immediate‐delayed’ implants are those implants inserted after weeks up to about a couple of months to allow for soft tissue healing. ‘Delayed’ implants are those placed thereafter in partially or completely healed bone. The potential advantages of immediate...

Dental implants can be placed in sockets just after tooth extraction (immediate implants) or after a couple of weeks up to a couple of months (immediate-delayed implants) or thereafter (delayed implants). This review looked at which was the best time to place dental implants and whether it would be advantageous to augment sites with gaps present at...

This review is based on a Cochrane systematic review entitled ‘Interventions for replacing missing teeth: dental implants in fresh extraction sockets (immediate, immediate-delayed and delayed implants)' published in The Cochrane Library (see http://www.cochrane.org/ for information). Cochrane systematic reviews are regularly updated to include new...

Background: It is important to institute an effective supportive therapy to maintain or recover soft tissue health around dental implants. Different maintenance regimens have been suggested, however it is unclear which are the most effective. Objectives: To assess the effects of different interventions for 1) maintaining and 2) recovering soft t...

Background: Some dental implant failures may be due to bacterial contamination at implant insertion. Infections around biomaterials are difficult to treat, and almost all infected implants have to be removed. In general, antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery is only indicated for patients at risk of infectious endocarditis; with reduced host-response;...

Background: One of the key factors for the long-term success of oral implants is the maintenance of healthy tissues around them. Bacterial plaque accumulation induces inflammatory changes in the soft tissues surrounding oral implants and it may lead to their progressive destruction (perimplantitis) and ultimately to implant failure. Different trea...

CONFLICT-OF-INTEREST STATEMENT: Marco Esposito is the first author of two of the included studies; however, he was not involved in the quality assessment of these trials. This review is based on a Cochrane systematic review entitled 'Interventions for replacing missing teeth: antibiotics at dental implant placement to prevent complications' publish...

Sufficient bone quantity is required for dental implant placement. Bone quantity towards the back of the upper jaw may be insufficient for dental implant placement because of the presence of the maxillary sinus, a natural cavity within the bone. This cavity may enlarge following tooth loss. There are a number of techniques, termed sinus lift proced...

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic infective disease of the gums caused by bacteria present in dental plaque. This condition induces the breakdown of the tooth supporting apparatus until teeth are lost. Surgery may be indicated to arrest disease progression and regenerate lost tissues. Several surgical techniques have been developed to regenera...

CONFLICT-OF-INTEREST STATEMENT: Marco Esposito, Pietro Felice and Paul Coulthard are among the authors of four of the included trials, however, they were not involved in the quality assessment of these trials. This review is based on a Cochrane systematic review entitled 'Interventions for replacing missing teeth: augmentation procedures of the max...

Periodontitis is a chronic infective disease of the gums caused by bacteria present in dental plaque. This condition induces the breakdown of the tooth supporting apparatus until teeth are lost. Surgery may be indicated to arrest disease progression and regenerate lost tissues. Several surgical techniques have been developed to regenerate periodont...

Background: Dental implants require sufficient bone to be adequately stabilised. For some patients implant treatment would not be an option without horizontal or vertical bone augmentation. A variety of materials and surgical techniques are available for bone augmentation. Objectives: To test whether and when augmentation procedures are necessar...

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic infective disease of the gums caused by bacteria present in dental plaque. This condition induces the breakdown of the tooth supporting apparatus until teeth are lost. Surgery may be indicated to arrest disease progression and regenerate lost tissues. Several surgical techniques have been developed to regener...

Some patients may have insufficient bone to place dental implants, but there are many sur­gical techniques to increase the bone volume making implant treatment possible. Short implants appear to be more effective and cause fewer complications than conventional implants placed in resorbed lower jaws augmented with autogenous bone or bone substitutes...

To evaluate if a one-stage implant placement procedure is as effective as a two-stage procedure. The Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE, were searched and several journals were hand-searched with no language restriction up to January 2009. All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of osseointegrated dental impla...

Osseointegration and Dental Implants offers a comprehensive guide to the state of the art of implant dentistry. Based around the proceedings of the Toronto Osseointegration Conference Revisited, it gathers together information on all aspects of implant dentistry and osseointegration, from basic scientific background, such as the biology of osseoint...

To evaluate the agreement of quantitative subjective evaluation of esthetic changes in implant dentistry and differences in perception among patients and practitioners. Four standardized clinical preoperative and postoperative pictures placed in random order were shown to 30 patients treated with dental implants, on two separate occasions, to subje...

To evaluate the efficacy of Emdogain versus placebo (its carrier) for the treatment of deep infrabony defects. Thirty patients with an infrabony defect of at least 4 mm deep and at least 2 mm wide were randomly allocated for treatment with either Emdogain or placebo (the Emdogain carrier). The treating clinician was completely blinded to the therap...

Background: Dental implants require sufficient bone to be adequately stabilized. For some patients implant treatment would not be an option without bone augmentation. A variety of materials and surgical techniques are available for bone augmentation. Objectives: General objectives: To test the null hypothesis of no difference in the success, functi...

Background: To minimise the risk of implant failures after their placement, dental implants are kept load-free for 3 to 8 months to establish osseointegration (conventional loading). It would be beneficial if the healing period could be shortened without jeopardising implant success. Nowadays implants are loaded early and even immediately and it w...

Dental implants can be successful either if placed through the oral mucosa, sticking through the gums (1-stage procedure) or if completely buried under the soft tissues (2-stage procedure) to heal load-free for a few months. However, one additional minor surgical intervention is needed, if a 2-stage procedure is used, to allow the connection of the...

To evaluate the efficacy of 1) immediate (within 1 week), early (between 1 week to 2 months), and conventional (after 2 months) loading of osseointegrated implants, and of 2) immediate occlusal versus non-occlusal loading during the bone healing phase. The Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched and s...

Dental implants require sufficient bone to be adequately stabilised. For some patients implant treatment would not be an option without bone augmentation. A variety of materials and surgical techniques are available for bone augmentation. General objectives: To test the null hypothesis of no difference in the success, function, morbidity and patien...

Missing teeth can sometimes be replaced with dental implants to which a crown, bridge or denture can be attached. Bacteria introduced during placement of implants can lead to infection and sometimes implant failure. It appears that the oral administration of 2 grams of amoxicillin 1 hour before placement of dental implants is effective in reducing...

To assess the beneficial or harmful effects of systemic prophylactic antibiotics at dental implant placement versus no antibiotic/placebo administration and, if antibiotics are of benefit, to find which type, dosage and duration is the most effective. The Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched and se...

To compare success, morbidity, patient satisfaction and cost effectiveness of dental implant treatment carried out with and without hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy in irradiated patients. MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to June 2007. Systematic revie...

To identify the most effective interventions for treating peri-implantitis around osseointegrated dental implants. The Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched and several journals were handsearched with no language restriction up to January 2008. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing intervent...

Background: One of the key factors for the long-term success of oral implants is the maintenance of healthy tissues around them. Bacterial plaque accumulation induces inflammatory changes in the soft tissues surrounding oral implants and it may lead to their progressive destruction (perimplantitis) and ultimately to implant failure. Different trea...

To evaluate which are the most effective procedures to maintain and recover soft tissue health around dental implants. The Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched with no language restriction up to June 2007. Handsearching included several dental journals, the bibliographies of the randomised controll...

Antibacterial mouthrinses may help reduce plaque and bleeding around dental implants, but there is no evidence that electronic toothbrushes are better than ordinary toothbrushes or that brushing with a certain gel is better than another. Missing teeth can be replaced by dental implants. However, keeping the gums around the implants healthy is impor...

We could only identify one study including a limited number of patients. This study suggested that the use of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy for patients who require dental implants after radiotherapy is of no apparent clinical benefit. HBO requires patients to breath pure oxygen under pressure in a specially designed chamber on several occasions....

To test whether there is a difference in success rates between immediately, early, and conventionally loaded implants. All randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) of root-form osseointegrated oral implants having a follow-up of 6 months to 1 year comparing the same osseointegrated root-form oral implants loaded immediately (within 1 week); ear...

Background: One of the key factors for the long-term success of oral implants is the maintenance of healthy tissues around them. Bacterial plaque accumulation induces inflammatory changes in the soft tissues surrounding oral implants and it may lead to their progressive destruction (perimplantitis) and ultimately to implant failure. Different treat...

Background: Dental implants are available in different materials, shapes and with different surface characteristics. In particular, numerous implant surface modifications have been developed for enhancing clinical performance. Objectives: To test the null hypothesis of no difference in clinical performance between various root-formed osseointegr...

Dental implants are usually placed by elevating a soft tissue flap, but in some instances, they can also be placed without flap elevation reducing postoperative discomfort. Several flap and suturing techniques have been proposed. Soft tissues are often manipulated and augmented for aesthetic reasons. It is often recommended that implants are surrou...

Dental implants can be successful either if placed through the oral mucosa, sticking through the gums (1-stage procedure) or if completely buried under the soft tissues (2-stage procedure) to heal load-free for a few months. However, one additional minor surgical intervention is needed, if a 2-stage procedure is used, to allow the connection of the...

Background: To minimize the risk of implant failure, osseointegrated dental implants are conventionally kept load-free during the healing period. During healing removable prostheses are used, however many patients find these temporary prostheses rather uncomfortable and it would be beneficial if the healing period could be shortened without jeopar...

As with natural teeth, dental implants can be lost due to gum disease (perimplantitis). This review looked at which are the most effective treatments to arrest perimplantitis Five studies were included in the review and evaluated five different treatment modalities. In one small study of short duration (4 months) it was shown that the use of locall...

Some patients have insufficient bone to place dental implants but there are many surgical techniques to increase the bone volume making implant treatment possible Short implants are more effective and cause less complications than conventional implants placed in thin mandibles augmented with bone from the hip. Bone substitutes (Bio-Oss or Cerasorb)...

To test (a) whether and when bone augmentation procedures are necessary and (b) which is the most effective augmentation technique for specific clinical indications. Trials were divided into 3 categories: (1) major vertical or horizontal bone augmentation (or both); (2) implants placed in extraction sockets; (3) fenestrated implants. An exhaustive...

To test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in failure rates between various root-formed osseointegrated dental implant systems after 5 years of loading. A search was conducted for all randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) comparing different implant systems with a follow-up of 5 years. The Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Reg...

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic infective disease of the gums caused by bacteria present in dental plaque. This condition induces the breakdown of the tooth supporting apparatus until teeth are lost. Surgery may be indicated to arrest disease progression and regenerate lost tissues. Several surgical techniques have been developed to regener...

The clinical outcome of connective tissue grafts in the treatment of gingival recessions has been documented in numerous studies. However, no attempt has been made to correlate the postoperative mucogingival changes with the surgical parameters. The present retrospective clinical study was undertaken to 1) evaluate root coverage and mucogingival ch...

Few investigations can be found in the literature on the histological nature of the attachment of connective tissue grafts to root surfaces previously exposed by recession. In this case report, a 24-year-old patient was treated with a connective tissue graft combined with a partial-thickness coronally positioned flap for root coverage of Class I Mi...

The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for severe periodontal disease progression in a Swedish adult population between the years 1973 and 1988-91. In 1973, a random sample of 474 dentate adults living in Jönköping County was examined clinically and radiographically. A questionnaire on demographic and socio-economic status, general heal...