María-Ángeles Tobarra

María-Ángeles Tobarra
University of Castilla-La Mancha · Department of Economic Analysis and Finances

PhD

About

54
Publications
8,938
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826
Citations
Additional affiliations
January 2002 - present
University of Castilla-La Mancha
Position
  • PDI

Publications

Publications (54)
Article
Identifying the main drivers of the household carbon footprint (HCF) is a priority to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and move towards a more sustainable economy. Among the multiple factors that explain the HCF, some previous research has confirmed the relevance of gender. In this paper, we calculate the HCF of individual Spanish households using a...
Article
Full-text available
Tourism is very vulnerable to climate change and the disruption of Covid-19, facing two challenges: fighting climate change pursuing its carbon emissions goals, and recovering from the complex pandemic effects. We contribute to the incomplete understanding of tourism emissions pandemic impact and in different post-covid recovery scenarios. Using of...
Chapter
Households’ behaviour and consumption patterns are ultimately responsible for most global carbon emissions and therefore should be one main focus of sustainability policies. Detailed information provided by carbon footprints can help in that process by identifying factors and quantifying the environmental potential from changes. This chapter prese...
Article
What would the effect on the employment and environmental footprint be if Spanish households substituted imported fresh fruits and vegetables with local production? Are the impacts similar over the entire year? Is it possible to find a general pattern that allows for straightforward household consumption decisions promoting sustainability? In this...
Chapter
The tourism sector is one of the most affected by COVID-19 pandemic. The global shutting down of non-essential sectors and the maintained global mobility restrictions have led to the industry’s partial closure worldwide. Tourism could play a leading role as the driver for achieving the sustainable development goals (SDG) and as an engine of wealth...
Article
Education has long been praised for its economic benefits, which stem from the developed technical skills and improved health conditions it promotes. Nonetheless, improving the quality of education, including sustainability, has become a policy focus since the Tbilisi Declaration and, more recently, in the Sustainable Development Goals. How to incr...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of this paper is to evaluate teaching quality in a pre-service training programme for secondary and technical-schools teachers in Spain, namely the official master degree in the University of Castilla-La Mancha. We analyse several indicators measuring the students’ level of satisfaction and their attitudes towards different aspects of the t...
Article
Sustainable development, in its wider sense, i.e., economic, social and environmental, has emerged as one of the key challenges for humankind in the 21st century. Solar photovoltaic (PV) emerges as a key technology to meet not only the climate targets but also those related to social progress and economic growth. This paper's main objective is to c...
Article
Proximity and in-season consumption criteria have been suggested as solutions for fruits and vegetables consumers to drive the economy to a more sustainable development. Using a new concept, seasonal avoided footprint by imports, we disentangle the role of period and country of origin. Although, as a general rule, consumers could reduce its footpri...
Article
Full-text available
The European Union (EU) is advancing steadily toward the stabilization of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. Various sectors are now obliged to make reductions, and new policies based on the carbon footprint are being encouraged. However, voluntary reporting of so‐called scope 3 emissions is hindering successful implementation of these poli...
Chapter
This work presents a descriptive analysis of the perception of students and lecturers at a Faculty of Economics and Business Studies regarding the level of academic planning in the educational programmes comprising the degree courses on offer. We also analyse both students’ and lecturers’ satisfaction with the teaching-learning process. More specif...
Poster
Full-text available
Se presentan los resultados y estrategias para conocer el grado de consecución de competencias y de satisfacción en general del los alumnos del MUFPS de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha.
Chapter
The role of towns and their inhabitants in fighting climate change is becoming increasingly important (Shi et al., 2016). In this context, the aim of this paper is to apply a multi-regional input-output model to study the evolution of the carbon footprint for Spanish households as determined by the different type of settlement. This study analyses...
Article
Full-text available
div> The effect of delocalization on a national economy has been widely studied, however subnational delocalization remains as an unvisited field for researchers. This paper studies the effects of fragmentation and the subsequent localization outside or abroad on the level of industrial and services employment in Madrid region. We work with Madrid...
Poster
Full-text available
In the next twenty years demographics in Spain, as in many developed countries, are predicted to experience an important change: population will decrease by over one million (more than 2%) and people over 65 will increase from 18% to 25% of total population. Nuria and Maria try to contribute to the literature on the relationship between diet and em...
Article
This paper develops and explains an input-output model to quantify the carbon footprint linked to residents' and visitors' tourist consumption in the Spanish economy between 1995 and 2007, thus offering a rare longitudinal review of a national carbon footprint. Two measures are calculated: a domestic one similar to the producer responsibility crite...
Article
We develop a multiregional input–output model to evaluate the importance of international trade of agricultural products as well as their food-miles emissions on the proposed extended carbon footprint (ECF) measure of Spanish agriculture in 2000–2008. This measure of ECF incorporates the virtual carbon embodied (domestic, imported and international...
Article
Full-text available
La Universidad española se encuentra en un proceso de adaptación al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES), aunque el ritmo de adaptación difiere de unas universidades a otras, e incluso dentro de la misma universidad de unas Facultades a otras. Este EEES se ha materializado, por un lado, en el establecimiento de una serie de elementos comune...
Article
The spanish university system is currently undergoing a process of adaptation in response to the creation of the european Higher education area (eHea). the rhythms of change vary from university to university and even between faculties of the same institution. the eHea has led, on the one hand, to the establishment of a common set of elements that...
Article
This work aims to measure and allocate emissions related to the Spanish economy touristic consumption and investment for the period 1995-2005. Our main contribution is to consider not just goods and services consumption but also investment required to produce them as responsible for tourism polluting emissions. By doing so the emissions measure is...
Article
Full-text available
In this paper, we propose broadening the concept of tourism's carbon footprint to include not only emissions embodied in tourism consumption but also emissions linked to the investments of the tourism sector. The measure proposed, the whole carbon footprint, implies allocating the emissions linked to the production of capital goods required for tou...
Article
Education is a main determinant of employment, but not in isolation. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) skills have become a key element to facilitate employment opportunities. The growth in female educational attainment and ICT use is closing the gender divide and favouring female employment. We present evidence on this for the Spani...
Article
This paper develops an extended input–output model for the estimation of energy demand and related issues. It is built on the last Spanish Symmetric Input–Output Table (IOT, 2005). It has been tested for the period 2005–2008 and used for forecasting energy demand for the years 2009–2012 under different economic scenarios. The model shares some trai...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of this paper is to define a shared responsibility criterion for analysing the impact of international trade on CO2 emissions applied to sectors. With the approach proposed it is possible for sectors in a country to account for only a part of the emissions associated with exported and imported goods. The agents considered as responsible for...
Article
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of offshoring on the level of employment for 42 Mexican manufacturing industries from 1988 to 2004, a period of significant offshoring. Following recent literature on the topic, offshoring is measured by intra-industry imports of inputs, using matrices of input-output tables. The impact of intra-in...
Article
Full-text available
Firms must take two fundamental decisions: how and where to produce. Traditional measures of offshoring include information on both decisions but cannot distinguish between them. In this article, we attempt to distinguish the evolution of the requirement of inputs per unit of output (how to produce) from the delocalization of production to others c...
Article
Full-text available
The growing offshoring process is the result of the fragmentation of production processes and the creation of global supply chains. This process has increased final and intermediate imports, but also the distance that goods travel in different stages until they reach the final consumer, as well as the requirements of transport per unit of output an...
Article
This paper develops an econometric model for the five most important crude oil products demand in Spain. The aim is the estimation of a range of elasticities of such demands that would serve as the basis for an applied general equilibrium model used for forecasting energy demand in a broader framework. The main distinctive features of the system wi...
Article
Full-text available
En este trabajo se presenta la evolución de la deslocalización u offshoring para la Comunidad de Madrid a partir de datos procedentes de las Tablas Input- Output regionales en el periodo 1996-2003. Se utilizan distintas medidas de offshoring a partir de las compras de bienes intermedios importados y se distingue según el origen de esas compras: el...
Article
Full-text available
This work analyses the impact of technology on industrial employment in Castilla-La Mancha (CLM) for the period 1993-2002, paying special attention to the role of externalities or technological spillovers. A measure of spillovers based on patents is calculated and it shows that technological proximity is a key element as a source of knowledge for C...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of this paper is to analyse the participation of the EU in the changes in international trade and the extent these countries are involved in those international production chains. In order to do so, we have calculated two measures of vertical specialisation, by industry and by product, measuring the content of imported inputs in exports for...
Article
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of foreign outsourcing, particularly to Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, on the level of employment in Spain. Outsourcing is calculated using domestic and import-use matrices of input–output tables for 92 Spanish manufacturing industries, and data on imports from the National Customs A...
Article
Full-text available
One common question linked to the environmental concern is whether our development system is sustainable. Our aim in this paper is to analyse the environmental sustainability in terms of CO2 emissions of a process characterising present modern economies: the growing offshoring of production). This offshoring is usually oriented towards developing c...
Article
Full-text available
It is not possible to understand the globalisation process without studying the growing expansion of international trade in intermediate goods. The outsourcing measures used in this paper are calculated from input-output tables and allow us to explain the evolution of intra -and inter- industrial trade for the Spanish manufactures in 1995-2000. Ver...
Article
Full-text available
No se puede entender la globalización sin estudiar la creciente expansión del comercio internacional de bienes intermedios. Las medidas de outsourcing aquí utilizadas a partir de la tablas input-output permiten explicar la evolución del comercio intra-industrial e inter-industrial de la industria española entre 1995 y 2000. La especialización verti...
Article
Full-text available
Este trabajo estudia la evolución reciente del outsourcing o deslocalización de la industria manufacturera española por ramas de actividad. La información utilizada procede de las tablas input-output, al contabilizar éstas las importaciones de bienes intermedios, y de comercio exterior. Nuestros indicadores muestran un importante crecimiento de la...
Article
Full-text available
The impact from ICT on the Spanish economy can be studied from different perspectives. The Input ¿ Output Tables allow us to analyse the effects of ICT on exchanges within and between firms. These flows are important not only as purchases of goods and services but also as a way of transmission of information and knowledge. In this paper we study th...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of foreign outsourcing, particularly to CEE (Central and Eastern European) countries, on the level of employment for Spain. Outsourcing is calculated using domestic and import – use matrices of input-output tables for 92 Spanish manufacturing industries for the period 1993 to 2003, and data on impo...
Article
Full-text available
The effect of technology on industrial employment changes depending on whether the technological effort takes place within the own sector or the technological improvements are provided by other sectors or countries. In this paper we estimate international and domestic R&D effects on employment for 28 Spanish manufacturing sectors, using a labour de...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of offshoring on the level of employment for 42 Mexican manufacturing industries from 1988 to 2004. Following recent literature on the topic, offshoring is measu red by intra-industry imports of inputs, using matrices of input-output tables. The impact o f intra-industry offshoring in developed cou...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of foreign outsourcing, focusing on CEE countries and especially on Turkey, on the level of employment for Spain. The rising economic integration has increased not only trade in final goods but also the flows of intermediate goods, as a result of the fragmentation of production by multinational fir...
Article
Full-text available
Nuestro trabajo analiza como la incorporación de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) a la actividad empresarial ha modificado ls características del mercado de trabajo y las oportunidades de empleo en España. El uso de las nuevas tecnologías ha transformado el papel del trabajo dentro del proceso productivo lo que ha incidido...

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