Mari Heggernes Eilertsen- PhD
- Researcher at University of Bergen
Mari Heggernes Eilertsen
- PhD
- Researcher at University of Bergen
About
38
Publications
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Introduction
I study the ecology, genetic connectivity, biogeography and evolutionary history of animals inhabiting chemosynthesis-based ecosystems (hydrothermal vents, cold seeps and organic falls) in the Arctic and in the Nordic Seas. Chemosynthesis-based ecosystems harbor a very unique and specialized fauna, with many species that are not found outside these habitats. Sound taxonomic data is important, and therefore I try to use DNA-data to aid the process of describing new species and revising taxonomy.
Current institution
Additional affiliations
January 2013 - present
Education
August 2010 - June 2012
August 2007 - June 2010
Publications
Publications (38)
Loki’s Castle Vent Field (LCVF, 2300 m) was discovered in 2008 and represents the first black-smoker vent field discovered on the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge (AMOR). However, a comprehensive faunal inventory of the LCVF has not yet been published, hindering the inclusion of the Arctic in biogeographic analyses of vent fauna. There is an urgent need to u...
Background: A range of higher animal taxa are shared across various chemosynthesis-based ecosystems (CBEs), which demonstrates the evolutionary link between these habitats, but on a global scale the number of species inhabiting multiple CBEs is low. The factors shaping the distributions and habitat specificity of animals within CBEs are poorly unde...
Ampharetid polychaetes adapted to live in chemosynthetic environments are well known from the deep Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, but to date no such species have been reported from the Arctic Ocean. Here, we describe two new species, Paramytha schanderi gen. et sp. nov. and Pavelius smileyi sp. nov., from the Arctic Loki’s Castle vent field on the K...
Background
Sclerolinum (Annelida: Siboglinidae) is a genus of small, wiry deep-sea tubeworms that depend on an endosymbiosis with chemosynthetic bacteria for their nutrition, notable for their ability to colonise a multitude of reducing environments. Since the early 2000s, a Sclerolinum population has been known to inhabit sediment-hosted hydrother...
Aim:
The aim of this work was to improve understanding about the mode, geography and tempo of diversification in deep-sea organisms, using a time-calibrated molecular phylogeny of the heterobranch gastropod genus Scaphander.
Location:
Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific (IWP) oceans.
Methods:
Two mitochondrial gene markers (COI and 16S) and one nuc...
Deep-sea research is a very active field in which environments such as hydrothermal vents are of particular interest because they host a unique and often endemic fauna. In this paper, we describe a new species of the genus Caulleriella Chamberlin, 1919 (Annelida, Cirratulidae Ryckholt, 1851) and report the presence of Raricirrus arcticus Buzhinskaj...
This guide provides examples of observed morphological distinct organisms, also designated as morphospecies (msp), from photographs and videos from different “cold seeps” and nearby areas from the Arctic Ocean and the Barents Sea. The organisms were annotated to the lowest possible taxonomic level based on external morphological characteristics. Th...
Borealis is a recently discovered submerged mud volcano in the Polar North Atlantic, differing from the numerous methane seepages previously identified in the region. Here we show in situ observations from a remotely operated vehicle (ROV), capturing the release of warm (11.5 °C) Neogene sediments and methane-rich fluids from a gryphon at Borealis....
The Cold Seeps Extreme24 Expedition was the second leg of two expeditions, which form part of the University of Tromsø’s Extreme 24 project. The expedition focused on cold seeps sites characterised by methane emissions in several localities in the Barents Sea. The expedition is a research initiative (PI G. Panieri) hosted by the Department of Geosc...
Interest in the deep Arctic Ocean is rapidly increasing from governments, policy makers, industry, researchers, and conservation groups, accentuated by the growing accessibility of this remote region by surface vessel traffic. In this review, our goal is to provide an updated taxonomic inventory of benthic taxa known to occur in the deep Arctic Oce...
The AKMA3 oceanographic expedition (29th April–10th May) is part of the Advancing Knowledge of Methane in the Arctic, a project funded by the Norwegian Research Council (287869). The main aim of AKMA is to develop a long-term, multidisciplinary education, and research collaboration focused on Arctic methane sources, processes, ecosystems, and geolo...
Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) have enabled teleost fishes to repeatedly colonize polar seas. Four AFP types have convergently evolved in several fish lineages. AFPs inhibit ice crystal growth and lower cellular freezing point. In lineages with AFPs, species inhabiting colder environments may possess more AFP copies. Elucidating how interspecific diffe...
This paper presents the recent discovery of Borealis , a submerged mud volcano systemlocated in the Polar North Atlantic, distinct from the numerous methane seepages previously identified in the region. In situ observations using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) have captured the expulsion of warm (11.5°C) Neogene sediments and the eruption of met...
Фокусуємося на: сірководні, який свідчить про те, що на дні глибокого моря є життя. Навчальні цілі: За допомогою цієї діяльності ми створюємо неприємний запах, схожий на сірководень за допомогою гнилої органічної речовини. Використовуємо цей запах як основу для обговорення цікавого життя, істот, харчових мереж на дні глибокого моря. Ключові слова:...
Evidence of hydrothermal venting on the ultra-slow spreading Gakkel Ridge in the Central Arctic Ocean has been available since 2001, with first visual evidence of black smokers on the Aurora Vent Field obtained in 2014. But it was not until 2021 that the first ever remotely operated vehicle (ROV) dives to hydrothermal vents under permanent ice cove...
AKMA-OceanSenses Research Expedition (11-23 May 2022) aboard the research vessel Kronprins Håkon to the Barents Sea and Arctic Ocean is focused on both science and education. This expedition has received endorsement from the UN Ocean Decade. The cruise may be known as: CAGE22_2
Large parcels of organic matter in the deep sea, such as whale carcasses, harbor a very specialized fauna, most famously the bone-eating worms in the genus Osedax (Annelida, Siboglinidae). Although Osedax was first described only 15 years ago, there are already 26 described species from the Pacific, Atlantic, and Southern Oceans. The high discovery...
Calcaronean sponges are acknowledged to be taxonomically difficult, and generally, molecular data does not support the current morphology-based classification. In addition, molecular markers that have been successfully employed in other sponge taxa (e.g., COI mtDNA) have proven challenging to amplify due to the characteristics of calcarean mitochon...
The paradigm of large geographic ranges in the deep sea has been challenged by genetic studies, which often reveal putatively widespread species to be several taxa with more restricted ranges. Recently, a phylogeographic study revealed that the tubeworm Sclerolinum contortum (Siboglinidae) inhabits vents and seeps from the Arctic to the Antarctic....
Sunken whale carcasses, known as “whale falls”, deliver large, but relatively ephemeral pulses of organic material to the seafloor and serve as habitat for unique assemblages of deep-sea fauna that include generalist-scavenging species, chemosynthetic fauna and bone-specialist species. Despite the great deal of interest that fauna associated with w...
Appendix S1
gblocks settings.
Appendix S2 Best‐fit model and estimated parameters for phylogenetic analysis.
Appendix S3 Single gene chronograms.
Dietary specialization is known to be important for the evolution of Cephalaspidea gastropods, but still little is known about the overall trophic interactions of the group and the putative role of trophic ecology on diversification. The genus Scaphander is a group of predominantly deep‐sea, infaunal cephalaspids with about 40% of its species (eigh...
The genus Scaphander (Gastropoda, Cephalaspidea) is a group of predominantly deep-sea, soft-bottom snails with extant species distributed worldwide from the Arctic to the Antarctic. There are approximately 45 species described worldwide, of which about 18 are considered to be valid. The systematics of Scaphander has traditionally been shell-based,...
