Marek Roman Dulinski

AGH University of Krakow | AGH · Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science

Rationale The presence of substantial amounts of dissolved salts creates serious difficulties in isotope analyses of water samples using conventional isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Although nowadays laser‐based instruments are increasingly used for this purpose, a comprehensive assessment of isotope effects associated with direct analyses of aque...

Identification of the conditions of circulation, mixing, origin and age of groundwater in the area of underground mining plants is necessary for the correct design of drainage systems, directions of mining exploitation and intensity of mining works. For this purpose, isotopic studies were carried out in the mines of the Legnica-Głogów Copper Distri...

Advances in laser technology enabling simultaneous analyses of three heavy water isotopologues (¹H²H¹⁶O, ¹H2¹⁸O and ¹H2¹⁷O) triggered renewed interest in studies of the hydrological cycle using full isotopic composition of water. Such studies require adequate knowledge of equilibrium and kinetic isotope effects accompanying phase transitions of wat...

Lakes constitute an important part of the hydrological cycle on continents. Recent developments in high-resolution laser spectroscopy made feasible triple-isotope, high-precision analyses of water samples (δ²H, δ¹⁸O and δ¹⁷O). We conducted in-depth, comprehensive assessment of the potential and usefulness of the triple-isotope mass balance approach...

Geochemical studies documented the composition of ultra-fresh thermal water in the Fazenda Giráu, near Itabira (Minas Gerais state, Brazil) for the first time. The studied water is characterized by temperature of 35 °C, very low electric conductivity (approx. 20 μS/cm), uncommon Mg-Ca-HCO3-NO3 hydrochemical type, and an elevated radon concentration...

The procedure of calibrating in-house water standards suitable for routine analyses of triple-isotope composition of water samples using Picarro L2140-i CRDS analyser is presented and discussed. Such standards are indispensable for achieving and maintaining high quality of isotope analyses of water in terms of their precision and accuracy. A set of...

A comparison of two methods of radiocarbon age determination of groundwater is presented. The simplest Pearson model and the “user-defined” option of the NETPATH program were considered. Both methods were used to determine the age of water from a PZ-2 piezometer that is situated in the foreground of chamber Z-32 in Wieliczka Salt Mine. Results of t...

Isotopic composition of precipitation (2H/1H and 18O/16O isotope ratios, tritium content) is nowadays widely used in numerous applications of environmental isotopes—most notably in hydrology, climatology and biogeochemistry. Here we present a long record (44 years) of stable isotope composition and tritium content in monthly precipitation available...

The isotope activity concentration of rocks and bottom sediments was evaluated based on the samples collected from sedimentation ponds and gangue repositories. Radium ²²⁶ Ra, thorium ²²⁸ Th and potassium ⁴⁰ K activities were measured by gamma spectrometry using high-purity germanium detector – HPGe 4020. The radiation effect resulting from the pres...

A thorough evaluation of measurement uncertainty together with control of short-term and long-term precision of measurements should be a basis of any successful quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) strategy aimed at maintaining a high quality of the analytical process. Here we present the results of a comprehensive assessment of the analytical...

Based on long–term research, the current hydrogeological conditions in the vicinity of the Wieliczka Salt Mine show a ­complex nature of documented water that is diverse in terms of salinity and age. Over time, there was an exchange of waters from those of the sedimentation period to infiltration waters. Brine used for balneotherapy in the spa of t...

Neptunian dykes with abundant brachiopods, cf. Lacunosella sp. and fragments of echinoderms, occur in Oxfordian limestones in the southern part of the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland. The dykes fill fissures that have opened in the massive limestones due to local extension of the sedimentary basin located along the northern, passive margin of the Tethys...

Concentrations of radioactive and stable isotopes as well as chemical compositions were determined in 32 water samples collected in 20 Belarusian therapeutic centres. Most of the analysed samples represent boreholes of different depths; between 100 m and 1,300 m. The amount of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) in the mineral and therapeutic waters inves...

The paper presents two modified chromatographic measurement systems which allow for the determination of freons F-11, F-12 and SF6 as well as noble gases Ne, Ar and He. Obtained levels of detection LOD after modification for individual compounds for water samples of volume equal to 2900 cm3, are: 1,9∙10-8 cm3STP/cm3 for Ne, 3,1∙10-6 cm3STP/cm3 for...

Groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) have important functions in all climatic zones as they contribute to biological and landscape diversity and provide important economic and social services. Steadily growing anthropogenic pressure on groundwater resources creates a conflict situation between nature and man which are competing for clean and saf...

A dedicated study was launched in 2010 with the main aim to better understand the functioning of groundwater dependent terrestrial ecosystem (GDTE) located in southern Poland. The GDTE consists of a valuable forest stand (Niepolomice Forest) and associated wetland (Wielkie Bloto fen). A wide range of tools (environmental tracers, geochemistry, geop...

Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems (GDE) are important elements of biodiversity and providers of valuable goods and services to society. Preservation of their environmental functions in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures on groundwater resources and progressive climate change depends on appropriate environmental policies and water resourc...

Although the relation between travertine and tectonics is commonly accepted, the influence of seismic activity on the internal structures and facies development of travertine has not been examined extensively. The aim of this paper was to unravel the impact of seismic shocks on the anatomy of a travertine mound. Dreveník travertine in the Central W...

Thorough understanding of the link between terrestrial ecosystems and underlying groundwater reservoirs is an important element of sustainable management of groundwater resources in the light of ever growing anthropogenic pressure on groundwater reserves, both with respect to quantity and quality of this vital resource. While association of terrest...

Groundwater is an important source of potable water in many countries. While it covers ca. 50% of the global drinking water needs, in Europe this share is even higher, reaching approximately 70%. Nowadays, this strategic resource is at risk due to anthropogenic pollutants of various nature entering shallow aquifers. Proper management of groundwater...

We present the results of a comprehensive study aimed at tracing the evolution of carbon isotopic composition of the TDIC (total dissolved inorganic carbon) reservoir from the unsaturated zone down to the discharge area, in a sandy aquifer near Kraków, southern Poland. A multilevel well penetrating the unsaturated zone in the study area was equippe...

Natural radioactivity has been measured in 22 different bottled waters from central and southern Poland. Although most of the investigated waters originate from the Outer Carpathian hits. (Flysch Carpathians), samples from the Kraków-Czestochowa Upland, Lublin Basin, Podlasie Depression, Silesian-Kraków Monocline, Szczecin-Lodz Basin and Sudety Mts...

The mineral waters of the Iwonicz and Rymanów areas are characterised by increased mineralisation, typically in the order of dozens g/dm3, with a significant contribution from the chloride component. Their stable isotope composition differs from the Global Meteoric Water Line (GM WL) indicating that all investigated waters represent a mixture of bo...

We present the results of a comprehensive study aimed at tracing the evolution of carbon isotopic composition of the TDIC (total dissolved inorganic carbon) reservoir from the unsaturated zone down to the discharge area, in a sandy aquifer near Kraków, southern Poland. A multilevel well penetrating the unsaturated zone in the study area was equippe...

Peculiar calcite speleothems developed in fissures in the Cergowa Sandstones were found in the Kle{ogonek}czany Quarry (Polish Western Carpathians). They represent flowstone and stalactites, rafts and various sparry crusts. Such speleothems, especially phreatic ones, are uncommon in the Outer Carpathians that are composed mainly of siliciclastic ro...

The presented study was aimed at investigating possible interactions between the porous sandy aquifer intensively exploited for drinking water purposes and the groundwater dependent ecosystem (GDE) consisting of a valuable forest stand. The investigated aquifer (Bogucice Sands) and the associated GDE (Niepolomice Forest) are located in the south of...

Upper reaches of the Warta river, the third largest river in Poland, are located in a densely populated and industrialized area, with presence of heavy industry going back to the second half of the XIX century. Industrial activities include iron smelters in towns of Częstochowa and Zawiercie, large chemical plants (Rudniki and Aniolow) producing pr...

In the Upper Silesian Coal Basin highly mineralized mine waters are pumped into numerous sedimentary ponds before discharge to the Vistula river. They contain elevated concentrations of natural radionuclides (mainly radium). In ponds, some fraction of radionuclides is removed from the water column by adsorption on settling particles, precipitation...

The issue of natural radioactivity in groundwater is reviewed, with emphasis on those radioisotopes which contribute in a significant way to the overall effective dose received by members of the public due to the intake of drinking water originating from groundwater systems. The term 'natural radioactivity' is used in this context to cover all radi...

a b s t r a c t Groundwater is the most important source of water supply in southern Tunisia. Previous hydrogeologic and isotopic studies carried out in this region revealed the existence of two major aquifer systems: the ''Complex Terminal'' (CT) and the ''Continental Intercalaire'' (CI). Turonian carbonates constitute one of the major aquifer lev...

Water in the fissured limestone and dolomite of the Turonian aquifer of Tunisia has been investigated using geochemical (major ions) and isotopic (δ18O, δ2H, 14C) data. To carry out a characterization of aquifer behaviour, 48 representative samples were collected at the end of the humid season. The evolution of chemical composition of groundwater f...

Halite deposits located in the southern Poland, near Krakow, are famous mostly due to the medieval salt mine located in Wieliczka. Contrary to most salt deposits in Europe forming large domes, the halite deposits near Krakow form distinct beds, extending from west to east on the area of ca. 10 km2, with several types of salt identified. The deposit...

Karstified carbonates which outcrop in the Tatras, Inner Carpathians, southern Poland, and dip to the north under the flysch sediments of the Podhale Basin, represent the largest known renewable reservoir of thermal waters in the country, with temperatures up to about 80°C. Measurements of He excess, Ne and Ar unexpectedly revealed the existence of...

Hydrological, geochemical and environmental isotope data from groundwater wells at Ruprechtov natural analogue site were evaluated to characterize the flow pattern and C chemistry in the system. The results show that water flow in the Tertiary sediments is restricted to 1–2 m thick zones in the so-called clay/lignite horizon with two different infi...

Tritium and stable isotope data (δ18O and δ2H) for wells near the recharge area of the thermal system of the Podhale Basin indicate the presence of modern waters recharged at the lowest altitudes of the outcrops of water bearing formations. In turn, δ18O and δ2H values obtained for deep part of the basin may be interpreted as either the result of a...

Borjomi mineral waters field is a source of famous mineral water, which is exported to dozens of countries and forms a significant part of budget of Georgia. Now, in connection with construction of Baku-Tbilisi-Ceykhan pipeline by British Petroleum (BP) serious concerns arise with respect to vulnerability of water supply of the city of Borjomi to p...

Although radiocarbon is being used as a groundwater dating tool for more then four decades now, a number of questions related to this method still remains open. Among the problems not fully solved yet is the question of carbon isotope composition of the Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) pool in the infiltrating water recharging the given groundwater...

Presented paper deals with preliminary results of a complex study on travertine build-ups in Spiš and Liptov regions (northern Slovakia). Four travertine sites (Lúčky, Bešeňová, Ružbachy and Spišský hrad – Dreveník) were chosen for detailed studies. Two main facies: proximal and distal are distinguished. The proximal facies consists of crystalline...

Large and medium karstic springs in the Polish Tatra Mts. occasionally sampled during low flows exhibited little scatter of stable isotope composition and distinct differences between particular sampling sites. For extreme stable isotope values of four springs, the recharge altitudes were estimated by making use of topographic and geological maps....

Large and medium karstic springs in the Polish Tatra Mts. occasionally sampled during low flows exhibited little scatter of stable isotope composition and distinct differences between particular sampling sites. For extreme stable isotope values of four springs, the recharge aititudes were estimated by making use of topographic and geological maps....

Although radiocarbon is being used as a groundwater dating tool for more then four decades now, a number of questions related to this method still remains open. Among the problems not fully solved yet is the question of carbon isotope composition of the Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) pool in the infiltrating water recharging the given groundwater...

Sarmatian sands and buried Pleistocene valleys of the Kedzierzyn-Głubczyce Subtrough represent one of the main aquifers in southern Poland (MGWB-332 - Major Ground Water Basin). This aquifer is intensively exploited, supplying tap water for the human population and for industry in the whole area; but, being confined, it has no influence on the grou...

A comprehensive study of a sandy aquifer of deltaic origin in southern Poland included water chemistry, isotopes, dissolved trace gases and transport modelling. Tritium, sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and freons (F-11, F-12 and F-113) showed the presence of modern waters in the recharge areas and shallow confined parts of the aquifer. The presence of o...

Chemical and isotopic composition (d 18 O and d 2 H) of waters from 11 sulphide springs (with H 2 S contents of about 4 to 60 mg/L) in the Polish Carpathians were measured together with tritium contents in the period of 2000–2003 in order to obtain additional information on the origin of H 2 S because earlier measurements of d 34 S suggested possib...

In Sól near Zywiec, within the Magura nappe, Polish flysch Carpathians, occurrences of springs with highly saline waters have been known from historical records. Five deep drillings performed in 1947-55 recorded waters of the Na-Cl type with TDS up to 44 g/dm3. All these waters were enriched in I, Br, B and had elevated Na/Cl ratios. Isotope compos...

Detailed analysis of 25-yrs record of tritium and stable isotope composition (δ18O, δ2H) of monthly precipitation collected in Krakow between January 1975 and December 1999 is presented together with time series of selected meteorological data available for the Kraków station. The isotope and meteorological data are discussed in the context of curr...

In Krynica Spa several types of mineral waters occur. All the major springs contain a young component with tritium, and an older, tritium-free, component. The tritium age combined with the altitude of recharge area found from the local altitude effect allowed to determine in approximation the regional values of the hydraulic conductivity and the vo...

Determination of carbon isotope composition of CO2 forming carbonate solutions always creates serious problems due to kinetic processes influencing the measured value of δ13 C(TDIC) (TDIC - total dissolved inorganic carbon). To solve these problems it is necessary to fulfil several conditions. The most important of them are: proper sampling in the...

Spelean calcites discovered in fissures and caverns within flysch deposits at Tylicz (Polish Carpathians) have been examined isotopically together with CO2-rich water from several springs occurring in this area. δ13C-values of TDC and spelean calcites indicate that CaCO3 has precipitated under conditions close to carbon isotope equilibrium, with pa...

The results of investigations on the influence of sample density on the total counting efficiency coefficient in γ-ray spectrometry of lake sediments are presented. Data suggest the need to improve the density correction in activity calculations for 234Th. Application of the corrections for other isotopes depends on several parameters such as: samp...

A theoretical approach towards predicting the carbon isotope composition of carbonate cave deposits is presented. The proposed model simulates time variations of both the chemical and isotopic composition of the carbonate solution and deposited calcite in the course of CaCO3 precipitation. Two phases of the precipitation process are distinguished a...

The isotopic composition of carbonate cave deposits furnishes valuable information for palaeoclimatic studies. The crucial question is whether equilibrium of oxygen isotopes occured during precipitation process. In order to solve this problem, since 1971 the HENDYS criteria are generally applied. According to them the deposition of CaCO3 in isotopi...

Presented are results of isotope investigations of waters collected in the karstic area of the Western Tatra Mts. Altogether 35 groundwater samples have been analysed (tritium content, δD, δ18O). They represent groundwaters collected on the earth surface (springs, streams, exurgences) as well as waters found in caves. Parallel, systematic isotope a...

Possibilities and limits of the routine preparation lines and procedures for D and 18O isotope analyses of water samples are thoroughly discussed for the specific case when the mass of the sample is limited to single milligrams. It is demonstrated that the classical CO2-equilibration technique also provides reliable results for masses of water as l...

The results of isotope investigations of groundwaters and carbonate cave deposits collected in karstic regions of southern and central Poland are discussed in detail. Combined isotope studies of carbonate cave deposits allowed some important conclusions to be formulated regarding climatic and environmental conditions prevailing over the European co...

Preliminary results of radioactivity measurements in various types of samples (air particulates, noble gases, rains, atmospheric moisture, tap water, milk) collected in Krakow during the passage of the radioactive cloud induced by the Chernobyl nuclear accident are presented. -Authors

Solanki Soli stanowi¹ — ze wzglêdu na wysok¹ mineralizacjê — jeden z najciekawszych obiektów wystê- powania wód chlorkowych polskich Karpat fliszowych. W odró¿nieniu od innych znanych wód tego typu, szczególnie dotkliwy by³ tu brak analiz izotopowych, które s¹ najbar- dziej przydatne w okreœlaniu ich pochodzenia. Celem niniejszej pracy jest próba w...