Marek Adamczak

University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn · Department of Process Engineering, Equipment and Food Biotechnology

Iodine (I) is an essential element in the human diet, and the demand for it is determined by age, sex, and lifestyle. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, the daily intake of I should be 150 µg for adults and 250 µg for pregnant and breastfeeding women. The application of new solutions in the fields of food technology,...

Yogurt is a fermented milk drink produced by Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrüeckii ssp. bulgaricus, or Lactobacillus rhamnosus, which can be enriched with polyphenolic compounds to enhance its antioxidant properties. Supercritical (scCO2/H2O) extracts obtained from the mixture of bark and wood of black poplar (Populus nigra) and bas...

The miscanthus giant and miscanthus sugar biomass were ground with a cutting mill and subjected to thermal pretreatment in an alk. medium, followed by hydrothermal treatment with a comm. cellulase prepn. and a mixt. of auxiliary enzymes. The solid fraction after the enzymatic reaction was used for enzymatic hydrolysis of fresh biomass batch. This p...

The bio-based economy concept requires using biomass not only for energy production but also for bioactive compound extraction, application or biotransformation. This study analyzed the possibility of obtaining bioactive compounds from biomass before its transformation into biofuel. This involved an analysis of the total content of polyphenols (TPC...

Introduction and Objective Biologically active peptides (BAP) are fragments of amino acid sequences of food proteins that become active upon release. The precursors of these peptides can be milk proteins, mainly casein and whey protein fractions. The aim of this study is to discuss the possibilities of synthesis and properties of protein-derived bi...

A review, with 64 refs., of the chem. compn. of butter and methods of its anal. as well as the possibility of increasing its pro-health properties through the biosynthesis of vitamin D by probiotic bacteria cultures. Methods for det. selected ingredients present in butter and impurities was also discussed. Omówiono skład chemiczny masła oraz proce...

Renewable feedstock from perennial industrial crops, including those cultivated on marginal land in a short-rotation coppice system, could be an important contribution to the bioeconomy. The majority of data available on the topic are limited to the production of bioenergy from this type of biomass. According to the concept of bioeconomy, biomass-b...

Wheat storage proteins and products of their hydrolysis may cause coeliac sprue in genetically predisposed individuals with high expression of main histocompatibility complex HLA-DQ2 or DQ8, since by consuming wheat, they become exposed to proline- (P) and glutamine (Q)-rich gluten. In bread-making, the hydrolysis of gliadins and coeliac-toxic pept...

Wachowska M., Adamczak M. 2019. Role of sodium and possibilities of reducing its content in ripened cheeses. AbstrAct Although ripened cheeses are a valuable source of essential nutrients in the human diet, they also contain significant quantities of Na and supply dietary sodium. However, a high concentration of Na can induce lifestyle diseases, e....

Nanotechnology is one of the innovative technologies, which includes the characterization and fabrication of, and/or manipulation with structures, devices, or materials that have at least one dimension of approximately 1 - 100 nm in length. In the paper, the achievements of nanotechnology are presented as are its possible applications to the food i...

In this study, evening primrose oil (EPO), rich in γ-linoleic acid (GLA) in the sn-2 position was used as a substrate for the synthesis of structured triacylglycerols (sTAG) of the MLM-type (bearing a medium chain fatty acid in the sn-1- and -3-positions and a long chain fatty acid in the sn-2-position). The highest yield of sTAG by interesterifica...

The highest yields of biosurfactants were obtained by: (i) Pseudozyma antarctica (107.2 g L−1) cultivated in a medium containing post-refining waste; (ii) Pseudozyma aphidis (77.7 g L−1); and (iii) Starmerella bombicola (93.8 g L−1) both cultivated in a medium with soapstock; (iv)Pichia jadinii (67.3 g L−1) cultivated in a medium supplemented with...

Synthesis of biodiesel is performed mainly by chemical catalysis, but can also be performed by enzymatic or microbial methods, and these might play an important role in future substitution of petroleum-based diesel. To discover sustainable, economically attractive biotechnological processes for biodiesel synthesis, close cooperation between differe...

A review. Synthesis of biodiesel is performed mainly by chem. catalysis, but can also be performed by enzymic or microbial methods, and these might play an important role in future substitution of petroleum-based diesel. To discover sustainable, economically attractive biotechnol. processes for biodiesel synthesis, close cooperation between differe...

The paper presents the results of investigations into the technological possibilities of controlling the transgalactosylation process of lactose in permeate after whey ultrafiltration in order to improve the efficiency of galactooligosaccharides or lactulose synthesis. The synthesis efficiency was influenced by the selection of a β-galactosidase pr...

Lipase catalyzed-synthesis of ascorbyl oleate was performed in ionic liquids with addition of salt hydrate pairs for water activity control. The highest yield in the synthesis of ascorbyl oleate (72%) was obtained in [BMIM][BF4] in the presence of the salt pair NaI 2/0, which corresponds to a water activity of 0.3. Purity and chemical identity of 6...

In this review, the occurrence, properties, nutritional importance and esp. biotechnol. methods for the prodn. of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) and CLA-rich lipids are summarized. Beside information from medical and nutritional studies on the biol. activity of CLA, the focus is on the enzymic synthesis of structured lipids contg. CLA and the micr...

The lipase-catalyzed synthesis of ascorbyloleate was studied using different preparations of lipases from Candida antarctica. Conversion to ascorbyloleate was influenced by the type of lipase, the carrier used for immobilization, water activity and organic solvent. The highest conversion (63%) was found using Chirazyme L-2 immobilized on carrier C2...

In the paper, there were presented biological properties of peptides obtained from storage proteins of cereal grains. Aminoacids sequences were pointed out in the peptides released from the proteins contained in, among other things, cereals showing biological activity. It was also shown what role those peptides played in allergic reactions causing...

Candida antarctica or Candida apicola synthesized surfactants (glycolipids) in the cultivation medium supplemented with oil refinery waste, either with soapstock (from 5.0% to 12.0% v/v) or post-refinery fatty acids (from 2.0% to 5.0% v/v). The efficiency of glycolipids synthesis was determined by the amount of waste supplemented to the medium and...

The aim of this investigation was to obtain an efficiently immobilized intracellular lipase from Rhizomucor miehei and Yarrowia lipolytica. The activity of intracellular lipases from R. miehei and Y. lipolytica was enhanced by the addition of waste fats (beef tallow or poultry fat) to the medium and by cell immobilization on biomass support particl...

Structured triacylglycerols (sTAG), not so long ago called "lipids of the future", have become functional food available on the market. In the nearest future, some fatty products designed for infant and children nutrition in the USA will contain increased concentrations of arachidonic (AA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids. Many formulae and dietetic...

Biocatalytic processes are finding increasingly widespread application not only in aca-demia, but also in industry. This is particularly true in the pharmaceutical and agrochemi-cal industries where the need for optically pure molecules is critical. Biocatalysis is also re-ceiving a major thrust from the generation of new and novel biocatalysts via...

A review discussing the enzymic synthesis of modified lipids, with emphasis on structured triacylglycerols. Lipases and suitable starting materials, as well as some chem. synthesized triacylglycerols, are described. [on SciFinder(R)]

Synthesis of extracellular lipases by Candida antarctica was induced by adding fat or oil to the culture medium. The highest lipase activity (9.1 U) was obtained after 72 h of cultivation of yeast in medium supplemented with 2% (v/v) 1,2,3-trioleoyl-sn-glycerol. On the basis of SDS-PAGE analysis, Candida antarctica synthesized two forms of lipase h...

Selectivity is one of the most important lipase properties which depends on a wide range of factors. In order to choose the right enzyme for a special purpose, it is necessary to check its selectivity. Fatty acid selectivity of lipases determined for natural substrales was different from that determined for p-nitrophenyl esters and those determined...

The experiments showed the possibility of the MLM type structured triacylglycerol synthesis. Such sTAGs should have polyene acids positioned in sn-2 (in this case evening primrose oil was the source of polyene acids) and caprylic acid in the sn-1 and sn-3 positions. The sTAG synthesis was carried out in two-stages: 1. alcoholysis and synthesis of 2...

Ethanol fermentation of lactose mash by biocatalyzers immobilized in sodium alginate was studied in order to improve the process productivity and economy. The fermentation effectiveness of S.cerevisiae co-immobilized with a p-galactosidase and the directly lactose- fermenting immobilized yeast: K. fragilis and C. pseudotropicalis were compared The...

This chapter determines the growth conditions for C. antarctica in the fermentor as well as their effect on the yield of biosynthesis and properties of mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs). During the synthesis of surface-active substances, oxygenation is of great importance because it influences the growth conditions of microorganisms hence yield of s...

Candida antarctica synthesised surface-active mannosylerythritol lipids at 46 g l–1 by adding 80 g soybean oil l–1 to the medium and maintaining the pO2 at 50% with an air flow rate 1 vvm. Two-stage culturing of C. antarctica avoided medium foaming but the yield of biosurfactants synthesis was 28 g l–1. The biosurfactants decreased the surface tens...

The highest activity of extracellular lipases was obtained after 24 h of cultivation of R. miehei NH in the medium with 0.5% beef tallow and medium working volume of 100 ml (2302U/ug of protein). For yeast after 36h of cultivation for Y.lipolytica 2, in 50 ml medium with 0.5% beef tallow (1796 U/ug of protein). Lipases activity increased by lowerin...

The possibility of producing monoacyloglycerols (MAGs) from poultry fat or beef tallow using selected microorganisms or enzymatic glycerolysis was established. The highest content of MAGs (16.21–17.63% w/w) in the lipids was obtained after the cultivation of Candida lipolytica on a medium with poultry fat. The concentration of MAGs in the lipids wh...

Aspergillus niger, Geotrichum candidum and Mucor miehei, when grown on a medium containing beef tallow or poultry fat for 5 days at 28°C, in Roux bottles, shake-flasks or fermenters, synthesized from 0.4 to 3.2 g lipids/I. The degree of fat utilization varied from 15 to 70%. The type of fat in the medium, the species of fungi and its cultivation me...

Enzymatic modification of natural triacylglycerols and the properties of the obtained products S u m m a r y Structured triacylglycerols (sTAG) are chemical compounds with a precisely defined chemical and stereochemical structure whose natural nutritional and physico-chemical properties have been modified. Modified TAG can be synthe-sized with the...