Marcos Cueto

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz | FIOCRUZ · Casa de Oswaldo Cruz

This interview with Deisy Ventura, professor at the Faculty of Public Health of the Universidade de São Paulo, discusses the political dimension of the covid-19 pandemic in Brazil. She has become a leading reference on the subject due to her extensive knowledge of international law, with a focus on health. In this interview, Deisy Ventura offers so...

Resumo Entrevista com Deisy Ventura, professora titular da Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, que discute a dimensão política da pandemia de covid-19 no Brasil. A pesquisadora se tornou uma das principais referências no assunto por seu amplo conhecimento de direito internacional com foco em saúde. Na entrevista, ela apresenta...

Since the mid-nineteenth century physicians, diplomats, commerce leaders, and politicians have been discussing and implementing an international-health global system that ranges from epidemiological-surveillance agreements of transnational epidemics to institutions promoting social and medical reforms of the living conditions of the poor. Of all th...

El propósito de este suplemento de História, Ciências, Saúde – Manguinhos es reunir estudios originales y relevantes que a partir de la covid-19 establezcan un diálogo contextualizado entre el pasado y el presente. Por ello, los artículos discuten cómo se magnifica la compleja relación entre ciencia, sociedad y política en desastres sanitarios; reg...

This article analyzes the efforts of the International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation (IHDRF) in its project initiative that resulted in the extermination of the African mosquito Anopheles gambiae from Brazil in 1940. This species, which originated in Dakar, Senegal, was identified in the Brazilian city of Natal in 1930, where insuff...

Esta guía tiene como objetivo mejorar la escritura de los historiadores. El autor analiza en detalle la íntima relación entre los procesos de escritura e investigación, y resalta el equilibrio que debe existir idealmente en los textos de historia entre originalidad de ideas, evidencia e interpretación. Partiendo de su experiencia, el libro es una l...

This paper will examine the beginnings of two health proposals that emerged simultaneously at the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2005 and began complementing one another while competing for pre-eminence in the global debate on the relation of health and development: Social Determinants of Health (SDH) and Universal Health Coverage (UHC). The fi...

Andes, Antropología e Historia [Argentina]. Vol. 33, N° 2, Julio - Diciembre 2022, pp. 389-410 | ISSN N° 1668-8090 Este artículo analiza las respuestas del gobierno de Jair Bolsonaro a la COVID-19 durante el primer año de pandemia en Brasil (marzo de 2020 a febrero de 2021). El argumento central es que las políticas oficiales autoritarias e irracio...

This article examines the emergence of a synergy that allowed the early development of what was once considered the best anti-AIDS program in the developing world. Initial responses to AIDS in Brazil during the 1980s and early 1990s were marked by a confrontation between activists concerned with human rights, and a government focusing on biomedical...

Apesar de não serem suficientemente apreciadas pela maioria dos pesquisadores, as resenhas por muito tempo têm sido um recurso fundamental para informação e divulgação entre especialistas, bem como para a reafirmação de vínculos entre estes e o fomento de debates entre os historiadores (Sarton, 1950). O(A) autor(a) de uma resenha é um(a) mediador(a...

We draw on Cameroonian philosopher Achille Mbembe’s concept of necropolitics to examine government responses to the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and India, two middle-income nations not commonly compared. The article describes the role played by President Jair Bolsonaro and Prime Minister Narendra Modi in aggravating the pandemic....

This article analyzes how the Peruvian doctors Carlos Enrique Paz Soldán and Juan B. Lastres were intermediaries in the circulation, transfer and adaptation of the knowledge produced by historians of medicine from Perú, through the United States and Europe. These efforts were part of the conviction that medical humanism would train physicians with...

La crisis sanitaria global producida por la COVID-19 ha representado un desafío sin precedentes para las naciones en desarrollo. La pandemia ha desnudado la precariedad de los sistemas de salud y ha revelado las profundas grietas que dividen a los ciudadanos de países como el nuestro, donde acceder a una atención médica universal, gratuita y de cal...

This chapter examines the work done in Latin American history of science during the past few decades. A social turn that could be traced to the 1970s sought to understand how science and modern scientific disciplines emerged. Studies assumed their origins to be mainly European or North American and concentrated on how science took roots in Latin Am...

Em 2020, conseguimos manter nossa regularidade de quatro números anuais, além de um número especial intitulado “The meaning(s) of global public health history”, com presença marcante de autores internacionais. Em comemoração aos 120 anos da Fiocruz, publicamos, no número 2, o dossiê “Pavilhão Mourisco: singular e universal”, organizado pelos pesqui...

This paper examines the decline of the AIDS Programme in Brazil, the Latin American country most affected by the epidemic, with emphasis in the second decade of the twenty-first century. For many years, Brazil served as a model in Global Health due to a comprehensive preventive policy, a partnership between the government and health activists and t...

This valuable collection of papers intends to problematise the code term ‘Global Health’ embraced, celebrated and discussed by many organisations, health experts and even historians of medicine during the past few decades (more in the USA than in Europe). The introduction, eight chapters and the epilogue, scrutinise different layers, processes and...

Over the past few decades, historians of medicine working on Latin America have studied rich and complex epidemic events. These investigations have transitioned from a focus on the demographic impacts of epidemics, especially during the European conquest, to research on social, political, cultural and public health themes. Most historical investiga...

El objetivo de este artículo es contribuir a la historiografía de la ciencia y la medicina Latinoamericana analizando cuatro perspectivas utilizadas por los investigadores desde mediados del siglo XX hasta comienzos del siglo XXI. La primera perspectiva fue fuertemente influenciada por un supuesto eurocéntrico según el cual la ciencia era un produc...

Brazil ranks second in the Americas in terms of the number of covid-19 cases due to national policies that are irresponsible, indifferent to suffering and social disparities. In the race for a vaccine little attention is paid to the social, cultural and institutional factors involved in immunization, the reduction of social inequalities, the cost a...

La bolsonarización del estado brasileño alimenta trágicamente el crecimiento vertiginoso del COVID-19 en Brasil. Asimismo, revelan hoy más que nunca que las injustas y desatendidas inequidades sociales son un atendado a la salud. Poco después de fines de febrero cuando se registró el primer caso en un paulista que visitó Italia, la pandemia se exte...

Bolsonaro’s actions must be understood in a broader Brazilian context of history, politics, and health policy. The country has a history of public health policies that focus on technological interventions without addressing social determinants,

En resistencia al neoliberalismo, existe una salud pública en la adversidad según la cual la sanidad es una promesa que va más allá de la prevención. Es una obligación económica porque, sin buena salud pública, no hay sistema económico sustentable. La salud pública tiene una función social porque en toda sociedad democrática deben existir mecanismo...

Las epidemias regresan cada cierto tiempo para recordarnos nuestra vulnerabilidad. ante la enfermedad y ante el poder. El Covid-19 se ha extendido a casi todos los rincones del planeta; revelando la torpeza de los gobiernos autoritarios populistas de derecha que atacaron a la ciencia y la salud pública-seguramente para que sus seguidores no piensen...

As epidemias regressam a cada certo tempo para recordarmos nossa vulnerabilidade. Vulnerabilidade ante a enfermidade e ante o poder. Em poucos meses, algo que parecia uma catástrofe distante se converteu em uma

In the mid-1990s, Brazil became a player in the global politics of AIDS through its participation in debates on whether antiretroviral drugs were commodities or public goods. Brazilian actors not only challenged powerful pharmaceutical companies but the assumption that international health policies were solely defined in developed countries. After...

According to its Constitution, the mission of the World Health Organization (WHO) was nothing less than the 'attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health' without distinction of race, religion, political belief, economic status, or social condition. But how consistently and how well has the WHO pursued this mission since 1946?...

Há alguns anos, tive a oportunidade de conversar com Halfdan Mahler, diretor-geral da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) em 1978, ano da realização da Conferência Inter-nacional sobre Atenção Primária de Saúde, em Alma-Ata, no Cazaquistão, que integrava a antiga União Soviética, da qual resultou a Declaração de Atenção Primária em Saúde. Perguntei...

International health became an important activity of governments of industrialised and a few low-income countries (LICs) during the second half of the nineteenth century. Initially concentrated on improving, coordinating, and standardising quarantines; isolation of the sick in ports; and maritime health regulations, by the turn of the twentieth cen...

Resumo: A infecção por zika teve grande impacto não somente nas grávidas e nos recém-nascidos, mas também na saúde pública, nas ideias populares sobre o Aedes aegypti e no respeito dos direitos sociais das mulheres. O objetivo deste texto é identificar esse impacto e as mudanças históricas, sociais e sanitárias da doença e o legado do vírus zika. A...

Nos últimos 30 anos, a história da medicina e da saúde na América Latina e no Caribe tornou-se um importante campo de pesquisa, parte de um grande florescimento mundial da história social e cultural da medicina e dos estudos nas áreas de ciência e tecnologia. Com tantos novos trabalhos históricos, há uma necessidade cada vez maior de se fazer um ba...

An interview by the editor and a member of the scientific board of História, Ciências, Saúde – Manguinhos with Warwick Anderson, a leading historian of science and race from Australia. He talks about his training, positions he held at US universities, his publications, and his research at the University of Sydney. He discusses his current concern w...

This article examines the history of Mexican physiology during the period 1910-60 when two noted investigators, José J. Izquierdo, first, and Arturo Rosenblueth, second, inscribed their work into an international network of medical research. The network had at its center the laboratory of Walter B. Cannon at Harvard University. The Rockefeller Foun...

Este artículo analiza las principales campañas promovidas por agencias internacionales y organismos nacionales de salud dirigidas a erradicar enfermedad infecciosas en el ámbito rural latinoamericano de los años 1940 y 1950. Las dimensiones políticas del periodo han sido estudiadas pero todavía se ha prestado poca atención a sus dimensiones sanitar...

Este artículo analiza las principales campañas promovidas por agencias internacionales y organismos nacionales de salud dirigidas a erradicar enfermedad infecciosas en el ámbito rural latinoamericano de los años 1940 y 1950. Las dimensiones políticas del periodo han sido estudiadas pero todavía se ha prestado poca atención a sus dimensiones sanitar...

Neste livro, são analisados conceitos sobre a saúde global sempre levando-se em conta que o olhar histórico é fundamental para compreender os desafios das políticas de saúde. O termo saúde global costuma ser usado em resposta a eventos novos, como epidemias internacionais que atingem países ricos e pobres. Mas, afinal, saúde global e saúde internac...

Despite several studies on the social, cultural, and political histories of medicine and of public health in different parts of Latin America and the Caribbean, local and national focuses still predominate, and there are few panoramic studies that analyze the overarching tendencies in the development of health in the region. This comprehensive book...

Peru conducted a successful flexible, or flattened, vertical campaign against polio in 1991. The initial disease-oriented programs began to collaborate with community-oriented primary health care systems, thus strengthening public-private partnerships and enabling the common goal of poliomyelitis eradication to prevail despite rampant terrorism, ec...

This interview with Lígia Bahia explores evaluations of the first 25 years of Brazil's Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) and analyzes the project's progress, impasses, and missteps. Bahia is critical of both tendencies currently found within SUS: the one that sees the system as aimed at equity and the other posing equality as its goal. She criticizes th...

Segundo capítulo en castellano del libro Cold War Deadly Fevers. Un análisis de como la idea de erradicar la malaria alcanzó una posición hegemónica entre las agencias de salud y la política exterior norteamericana a mediados de la década de 1950 y comienzos de los años 1960. Complete spanish version-Mexico UNAM, 2013: http://www.historicas.unam....

The limits of technological quick fixes in contemporary malaria control and eradication programs

Este artículo estudia el proceso médico y político de surgimiento de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la principal agencia multilateral de salud, formalmente fundada en 1948 y ligada a la recientemente creada Organización de las Naciones Unidas. Este proceso se inició hacia el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, en 1945, cuando Estados Un...

Cold War´s discourses on malaria control and eradication used in Mexican indigenous societies during the 1950s

El objetivo de este estudio es brindar una visión panorámica de la relación entre el desarrollo de los estudios naturalistas con el control del territorio en el Perú desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta las primeras décadas del siglo XX. Durante esta etapa se produjo un notable desarrollo científico - tanto de investigadores como de instituciones aca...

WHEN WE THINK OF THE WORLD Health Organization (WHO), a number of dramatic moments and milestones leap to mind: the launching of the new international health organization in 1948 with the stirring preamble to its constitution; the visionary Alma Ata Declaration of 1978; the announcement in 1980 of the eradication of smallpox, the first disease to b...

This article offers a panoramic vision of the development of international health in Latin America during the late 1940s and the 1950s, when a series of bilateral and multilateral institutions, such as the World Health Organization and UNICEF, were founded and reshaped. The language, policies, and activities of these new institutional actors were h...

To provide a panoramic perspective on what was called for many decades “the king of diseases” is a challenging task. It is important to remember that throughout history malaria has been considered, and is today, one of the main infectious diseases of the world, affecting especially the rural poor in developing nations, namely the poorest of the poo...

This study is aimed at examining how subsequent Peruvian governments, since 1990, have addressed reproductive rights, HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment, and sexual diversity rights, as well as the drastic policy shifts and its many contradictions. Abortion and contraception consistently generated the deepest public controversies and debates, which...

During the turn of the 20th century, French clinical medicine and European medical geography had a strong, and little studied, influence among Peruvian physicians. The goals of this paper are to analyze to an important instance of this influence and to highlight local developments influencing its reception, such as nationalism and the search for in...

Even a quick glance at the titles of books and articles in recent medical and public health literature suggests that an important transition is underway. The terms ‘global’, ‘globalization’, and their variants are everywhere, and in the specific context of international public health, ‘global’ seems to be emerging as the preferred authoritative ter...

In the mid-1950s, with planning and funding from the United States, Mexico embarked on an ambitious campaign to eradicate malaria, which was widespread and persistent. This new history explores the politics of that campaign. Marcos Cueto describes the international basis of the program, its national organization in Mexico, its local implementation...

For a long time, the development of science in Latin America was considered a poor imitation of the history of scientifi c development in the industrialized countries. This idea deprived the region's science of a dynamic past of its own and guided the actions of the North American philanthropic agencies for many years. It inspired the fi rst effort...

No contexto da saúde pública internacional, 'saúde global' parece estar emergindo como um termo de reconhecida preferência. Este artigo apresenta uma análise crítica do significado e importância de 'saúde global', e situa sua crescente popularidade no contexto histórico. Um foco específico deste estudo é o papel da Organização Mundial da Saúde - OM...

Within the context of international public health, 'global health' seems to be emerging as a recognized term of preference. This article presents a critical analysis of the meaning and importance of 'global health' and situates its growing popularity within a historical context. A specific focus of this work is the role of the World Health Organiza...

El objetivo de este trabajo de revisión es proporcionar un panorama histórico del desarrollo de las políticas de población en el Perú, concentrándose especialmente en el papel de médicos y sanitaristas nacionales y de las agencias extranjeras en los últimos cuarenta años. El argumento del trabajo es que estas políticas han estado caracterizadas por...

The term “global health” is rapidly replacing the older terminology of “international health.” We describe the role of the World Health Organization (WHO) in both international and global health and in the transition from one to the other. We suggest that the term “global health” emerged as part of larger political and historical processes, in whic...

Includes " La Atencion Primaria de Salud y la Atencion Primaria Selectiva de Salud" by Marcos Cueto

Medical developments in Latin America during the second half of the twentieth century have received little attention. This study examines the Mexican responses to the success and failures of an important international health campaign of the 1950s: malaria eradication. During the 1950s malaria became the disease of central concern for international...

I present a historical study of the role played by the World Health Organization and UNICEF in the emergence and diffusion of the concept of primary health care during the late 1970s and early 1980s. I have analyzed these organizations’ political context, their leaders, the methodologies and technologies associated with the primary health care pers...

Background In this analysis of the global workforce, the Joint Learning Initiative—a consortium of more than 100 health leaders—proposes that mobilisation and strengthening of human resources for health, neglected yet critical, is central to combating health crises in some of the world's poorest countries and for building sustainable health systems...

Starting in the early twentieth century, Latin American physicians organized expeditions to study remote rural populations living in their own countries. These expeditions usually aimed to solve scientific mysteries, spread western medicine, protect urban populations from epidemic diseases coming from the countryside and increase the productivity o...

IN LATIN AMERICA, THERE HAS long been a running debate over the relative effectiveness of “vertical” rather than “horizontal” programs in public health. In the 1950s, when this photograph was taken, the Pan American Sanitary Bureau (forerunner of the Pan American Health Organization, or PAHO) was engaged in vertical malaria, yaws, and smallpox erad...

During the turn of the 20th century medical geography in Peru concentrated in the study of a native disease (bartonellosis, also known as Carrión's disease and Verruga Peruana) and reinforced the relationship between the country's 'natural' regions (coast, highlands and Amazon) and different patterns of disease. Expert knowledge on these themes was...

This is the narrative of a patient made before, during and after being incarcerated in an agricultural colony in the Peruvian Amazon. In a vivid style, it narrates the decay of the body, the stigma and the compulsive segregation, as well as the hope for a better life. It is the perspective of a patient, something that is difficult to find when rese...

A broad historical overview of Latin American science. State of scientific knowledge before the European conquest in the 16th century; Assimilation of Western science; Impact of nationalistic concerns on science.

Entrevista concedida pelo historiador Roy Porter ao historiador Marcos Cueto, nela Roy Porter trata dos aspectos essencias da Historia da Medicina e do oficio de historiador da medicina. Esta entrevista tem a itencao tambem de homenagear Roy Porter, falecido em marco de 2002

This historical study of the Aids epidemic in Peru between 1983 and 2000 focuses on legal responses and on medical studies and intervention, especially during the early 1980s, a decade characterized by serious economic crisis and terrorist violence. As elsewhere around the world, the appearance of Aids intensified interactions between scientists, p...

Under the title "Ciência, Saúde e Poder na América Latina e no Caribe" (Science, Health, and Power in Latin America and the Caribbean), we are pleased to offer this supplement to volume 9 of História, Ciências, Saúde — Manguinhos, dedicated in its entirety to the history of health and medicine in this region of the world. This special issue compris...

Actualmente, muchos consideran que los problemas de salud de un país pobre como el Perú no van a ser resueltos sólo por la intervención del gobierno. Sin embargo, poco se sabe de las experiencias, los logros y las dificultades de la interacción de los organismos oficiales de salud con otros actores institucionales dedicados al cuidado y promoción d...

Historians have long recognized epidemics to be a significant, though sometimes hidden, factor in the fortunes of societies and civilizations. The study of epidemics heightens our understanding of relationships between economic systems and living conditions. This investigation of the history of epidemics in various parts of Peru during the twentiet...

Bulletin of the History of Medicine 75.1 (2001) 150-151 Jaime Larry Benchimol. Dos micróbios aos mosquitos: Febre amarela e a revolução pasteuriana no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Fiocruz, Editora UFRJ, 1999. 498 pp. R$ 35.00. The history of yellow fever is deeply intertwined with the history of science, medicine, and society in Brazil. The best...

The past twenty-five years have witnessed the publication of a number of studies of the diffusion of Darwinism in Latin America and of its impact on political and social ideas.1Less attention has been paid to the influence of Darwinism on the ideas of Latin American scientists and physicians, at least in the case of the Andean countries. The lack o...

Investigaciones sobre distintas epidemias ocurridas en el Perú durante el siglo veinte; eventos dramáticos de una extraordinaria riqueza informativa que proporcionaban diversas perspectivas sobre la salud pública, la política y la sociedad.

PerlethMatthias, Historical aspects of American trypanosomiasis (Chagas' disease), Medizin in Entwicklungsländern, Band 43, Frankfurt am Main, Peter Lang, 1997, pp. 171, illus., £22.00 (3-631-31063-3). - Volume 42 Issue 4 - Marcos Cueto