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Publications (27)
The aim of this study is to estimate the risk of serious injury for a motorcyclist involved in PTW-to-OV crashes occurred on urban roads. The automotive industry has already developed automatic crash notification algorithms for car occupants and knows well the influence that many crash variables have on the risk of serious injury. A literature revi...
Motorcyclists are particularly vulnerable since worldwide they represent 23% of all road traffic deaths. Fatalities are decreasing but still not at the same rate of car occupants. Continuous monitoring of traffic accidents and their in-depth comprehension (i.e. relationship between injuries and causes) are necessary to develop effective countermeas...
The Italian national road accident statistics show that for vulnerable road users (VRUs) urban areas are critical, since are the setting for 75% of accidents. In order to gain a detailed knowledge of the real severity of these accidents and the relationship between injuries and causes, it is necessary to gather in‐depth data of real‐world road acci...
Road accidents are the leading cause of death for young people, 50% being represented by vulnerable road users (VRU) (pedestrians, cyclists). In-depth accident studies assess the consequences of lack of use of safety devices and the need to develop new ones. Since 2009 a permanent team (physicians and engineers) has performed in-depth studies on ro...
Introduction
The Italian medical curriculum lacks a multidisciplinary disaster medicine course. The purposes of the present research were to verify whether a peer-education based disaster medicine training programme addressed to medical students could be effective in improving their knowledge of this topic.
Methods
The contents of the “In-hospital...
Background:
Hospitals are vulnerable to natural disasters, man-made disasters, and mass causalities events. Within a short time, hospitals must provide care to large numbers of casualties in any damaged infrastructure, despite great personnel risk, inadequate communications, and limited resources. Communications are one of the most common challeng...
Background:
In the metropolitan area of Florence, 62% of major traumas involve powered two wheeler rider and pillion passengers, 10% cyclists, and 7% pedestrians. The urban and extra-urban areas are the most dangerous for the vulnerable road user. In-depth investigations are needed for assessing detailed information on road accidents. This type of...
The Tuscany Trauma Registry (2009-2010) shows that the preponderance of major trauma due to road accidents occurs in urban areas (33%) and 62% of these involve Powered Two Wheeler (PTW) riders and pillion passengers. So far, the collection of in-depth real world road accident data has been very limited in Italy and completely absent in the Tuscany...
Shape representation is accomplished by a series of cortical stages in which cells in the first stage (V1) have local receptive fields tuned to contrast at a particular scale and orientation, each well modeled as a Gabor filter. In succeeding stages, the representation becomes largely invariant to Gabor coding (Kobatake & Tanaka, 1994). Because of...
Vitamin D is involved in immune regulation in humans. Vitamin D serum deficiency is reported to be common in hospitalized patients, especially among Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D levels in septic patients and outcome.
A total of 170 patients were studied, of which 92 were severe sepsi...
A recent report (Tarr et al., 1998) documented that a change in the direction of illumination interfered with performance on "same" trials when a sequentially-presented pair of objects were being matched on the basis of their shape. The implication of that study was that direction of illumination, which participants were instructed to ignore, was c...
With a single glance at a face we can typically discern the gender, race, approximate age, attractiveness, and whether we know the individual. At first thought one might assume that these decisions all rely on the same information and processes. However, a prosopagnosic, MJH is almost normal when discriminating gender and emotional expression, but...
Subjects performed a forced-choice, match-to-sample task in which one face image was identical to the sample and the other face differed on a dimension of expression (happy-unhappy), gender, or individuation (two androgynous appearing faces of different individuals each with neutral expressions). The separation of the matching and nonmatching faces...
There is a striking cost in face matching performance when members of a sequentially presented pair of faces differ in contrast polarity (i.e., reversal of brightness), but no such costs are apparent when matching objects such as chairs (Subramaniam & Biederman, 1997). This result holds true even when the faces and chairs, on mismatch trials, are o...
Faces produce a significantly greater N170 response in the EEG waveform than objects. However, faces are interesting and invite attention. To what extent is the N170 response modulated by attention? In separate blocks of trials, subjects viewed images of faces alone, butterflies alone, and composites of faces and butterflies in which an image of a...
There is a marked cost in face matching performance when members of a sequentially presented pair of faces differ in contrast polarity, i.e., reversal of luminance, but no such costs are apparent when matching objects (Subramaniam & Biederman,1997). This result holds true even when the faces and chairs, on different trials, are of equal similarity,...
People are better at recognizing faces from one's own race than individuals from other races. Is this effect perceptual or judgmental? A judgmental effect could be produced by adopting a lower criterion for judging individuals as being the "same" if they are from another race. Does the presumed deficit in individuating faces extend to distinguishin...
Faces reversed in contrast cannot be readily recognized, an effect absent in object recognition. Why? Four factors: expertise, reflectance (pigmentation), high similarity, and the need to discriminate metrically varying smooth surfaces have been offered as explanations. Observers achieved expertise on discriminating smoothly shaped, pigmented, non-...
What information is used for sorting pictures of complex stimuli into categories? We applied a reverse correlation method to reveal the visual features mediating categorization in humans and baboons. Two baboons and 6 humans were trained to sort, by species, pictures of human and baboon faces on which random visual noise was superimposed. On ambigu...
When we look at a face, we readily perceive that person’s gender, expression, identity, age, and attractiveness. Perceivers as well as scientists have hitherto had little success in articulating just what information we are employing to achieve these subjectively immediate and effortless classifications. We describe here a method that estimates tha...
