Marco Ferrari

• MD DMD Ph D
• Head of Faculty at University of Siena

Background: Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease (CPPD) is a metabolic disease resulting in acute arthritis. CPPD often affects joints containing fibrocartilage. The purpose of this review is to examine the clinical presentations, prevalence, and treatment modalities associated with CPPD when it affects the temporomandibular joint (TM...

Background: The evolution of concepts that have featured the last decade in the field of bruxism led to the necessity of providing clinicians and researchers with adequate tools for the assessment of bruxism, such as the Standardized Tool for the Assessment of Bruxism (STAB) and the BruxScreen. The former is a multidimensional evaluation tool for t...

The present study describes the case of a severe surgical complication in a 42-year-old female patient undergoing bimaxillary orthognathic surgery for the correction of skeletal class III, where a detachment of the surgical plates and fibrous healing of the palatal suture occurred. The aim of this study was to enlighten two important concepts: (I)...

Background Despite the aetiology of awake bruxism (AB) being prevalently linked to psychological factors, several studies suggested that the use of certain substances, such as tobacco smoking, can contribute to the increase in masticatory muscle activities (MMA) during wakefulness. Objective The aim of this study is to assess whether there is a co...

Objective The aim of the present study is to get deeper into the complex interplay that might exist between awake bruxism (AB), tobacco smoking, and anxiety and/or depression symptoms in a group of healthy young adults. Materials and Methods The study participants were recruited by advertising the investigation at the University of Siena, Siena, I...

Objectives In recent years, a smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) approach for assessing awake bruxism (AB) has attracted growing interest, both in clinical and research settings. The present study was designed to investigate subjects’ experience using an EMA-based smartphone application to detect factors that could hamper or fac...

Objective: To investigate the relationship between sleep bruxism(SB) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with the use of validated questionnaires in a general population convenience sample. Methods: SB behaviour was evaluated in accordance with the Subject-Based Assessment strategy recommended in the Standardized Tool for the Assessment o...

To assess the correlation between awake bruxism (AB) behaviors and psychological status in a group of healthy young adults. Participants were recruited at the University of Siena, Siena, Italy, by advertising the initiative. The reported frequency of AB behaviors was evaluated through the Oral Behavior Checklist (OBC). The 4-item Patient Health Que...

Objective The aim of this investigation was to compare the self‐reported frequency of awake bruxism (AB) behaviours by means of a validated single‐observation point questionnaire (i.e., Oral Behaviour Checklist [OBC]) with the frequency reported in real‐time with an Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) over 1 week. Materials and Methods One hundr...

Featured Application Flexural strength is a fundamental parameter for long-lasting restorations. Printing angulation affects the flexural strength differently depending on the 3D printed material. Abstract This study compared the flexural strength of various 3D printed resins fabricated at different building angles (0°, 45°, and 90°). Four groups...

Background The introduction of a smartphone‐based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) approach has allowed achieving data on the frequency of different awake bruxism (AB) behaviours (i.e., teeth contact, teeth clenching, teeth grinding, and mandible bracing) reported by an individual in the natural environment. Study Objectives The fluctuation o...

Background: The reduction in joint load is a potential beneficial factor in managing osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). This paper aims to compare the effectiveness of the intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin (BTX-A) as an adjunct to TMJ arthrocentesis plus viscosupplementation with arthrocentesis plus viscosupplementation a...

This study compares the clinical performances of two lithium disilicate (Initial LiSi press vs. Initial LiSi Block, GC Corp.) and a 3D printed resin (Temp Print, GC Corp.) partial crown using modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) evaluation criteria and survival rates after one year of clinical service. Eighty-nine partial adhesive r...

The main objectives of the present prospective clinical study were to evaluate the survival and success rates of implant-supported zirconia single crowns fabricated with a full digital workflow for the rehabilitation of mono- and bilateral agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors after 2 years of clinical function; biological and technical parameters...

The correlation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signs and clinical findings has been highlighted in multiple studies. However, very little information is available on the correlation between the bilateral temporomandibular joints (TMJs) of the same individual. The majority of efforts in the clinical research setting have focused on the cor...

Objective: To assess the frequency of awake bruxism (AB) behaviors in a group of undergraduate dentistry students and correlate it with the status of anxiety and depression. Materials and methods: The frequency of five oral behaviors (i.e., relaxed jaw muscle, teeth contact, mandible bracing, teeth clenching, teeth grinding) was evaluated using...

Rationale Alagille syndrome is a rare genetic disorder with dental and facial abnormalities in the head-and-neck area. It is autosomal dominant and occurs in approximately 1 in 100,000 people. No cases of Alagille Syndrome (ALGS) with mandibular hypoplasia and temporomandibular joint ankyloses (TMJa) have been reported to date. Patient Concerns an...

Objectives To assess the impact of COVID-19 in patients affected by OLP, in terms of level of pain, stress, depression and anxiety and their impact on the clinical manifestation of the disease. Material and methods A longitudinal design was employed. Psychometric evaluations of anxiety, stress, and depression were conducted using the DASS21 scale,...

Unlabelled: PMMA (Polymethylmethacrylate) is the material of choice to fabricate denture bases. Recently, with the introduction of CAD-CAM and 3D printers in dentistry, new materials have been proposed for complete denture manufacturing. Aim: This study compared the flexural strength of different resins fabricated using different technologies (c...

Objectives The aim of this study is to assess the repeatability of a surface electromyographic (EMG) device (Teethan®, Teethan S.p.A., Milan, Italy), designed for the analysis of the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles. Materials and methods Tests were performed on a sample of 30 healthy fully dentate TMD-free individuals randomly selected. E...

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to assess adaptation and bonding to root canal dentin of discontinuous (short) glass fiber-reinforced composite to intra-radicular dentin (DSGFRC). Methods: Seventy virgin human teeth were extracted and then endodontically treated; then samples were randomly divided into 7 groups (n = 10), based on the mater...

Background: Few terms and concepts have been so extensively debated in dentistry as the words "centric relation" (CR). Debates involve its biological, diagnostic and therapeutic usefulness. Methods: A review of the literature on the current concepts on CR as a diagnostic or therapeutic aid in dentistry was provided. Clinical trials assessing the...

Background: Tooth wear is a multifactorial complex process related to the loss of dental tissue, due to chemical or mechanical processes, by abrasion, attrition, erosion. Restorative treatment represents an attempt to rebuild and recreate the lost structure. Objective: This scoping review aims to investigate whether restorative treatment of worn...

The objective of this clinical study was to collect short-term endodontic outcomes of endodontic-treated teeth (ETT) obturated with different kinds of bioceramic sealers used in combination with warm gutta-percha obturation techniques. Methods: A total of 210 endodontic treatments in 168 patients were performed. At baseline, 155 sample teeth (73.8%...

Objectives The aim of this study is to assess the repeatability of a surface electromyographic (EMG) device designed for the analysis of the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles. Materials and Methods 30 TMD-free healthy individuals (20 females and 10 males; mean age 44 years, range 16–60 years) took part in the study and underwent three sessi...

Self-reported awake bruxism (AB) has been associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). However, the daily amount of AB behavior has not been quantified in pain patients. Therefore, this study aimed to assess AB frequency in patients with myofascial pain and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain and compare it to a group of pain-free individuals....

Objective: The instrumental measurement of electromyographic (EMG) activity in the natural environment is the best strategy available to collect information on bruxism. The twofold aim of this study was to (1) introduce and discuss a novel EMG device for the assessment of awake (AB) and sleep bruxism (SB) in the home environment over 24 h and (2)...

: This study was aimed at assessing adaptation and bonding of discontinuous (short) glass fiber-reinforced composite to intraradicular dentin EverX Flow (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), when used as intracanal composite filling and anchorage instead of traditional fiber posts. (2) Methods: Seventy intact extracted human teeth were endodontically tre...

Confinement by COVID-19 was a stressful period that could potentially trigger awake bruxism (AB) and/or sleep bruxism (SB) behaviors. This study aims to characterize the AB and SB behaviors reported by Portuguese dental students before the pandemic and during the first period of mandatory confinement by COVID-19. Dental students were included in th...

Endodontic and periodontal disease are conditions of infectious origin that can lead to tooth loss or develop into systemic hyperinflammation, which may be associated with a wide variety of diseases, including cardiovascular. Endodontic and periodontal treatment often relies on antibiotics. Since new antimicrobial resistances are a major threat, th...

Background and objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related breathing disorder featuring a repeated closure of the upper airway during sleep. Craniofacial anatomy is a potential risk and worsening factor for OSA. This study aims to assess the relationship between cephalometric features of craniofacial morphology and OSA severity in...

Statement of problem When restoring endodontically treated teeth, a post system is indicated to retain a core. Clinicians can choose from different post materials and types. However, the literature is inconclusive on the long-term clinical performance of available post systems. Purpose The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to...

Various surgical techniques have been developed for the closure of oro-antral fistulae (OAF), all of them presenting some limitations. Nineteen consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of OAF were enrolled in the present case series study. The technique being tested included the reflection of a buccal trapezoid flap with the OAF at its center...

Aim: The current in vitro model aims to evaluate the adjunctive effect on artificial biofilm removal determined by the use of a glycine-powder air-polishing procedure (GPAP) over the ultrasonic debridement (USD) alone when the removal of artificial biofilm on abutment surface is performed. The procedures were carried out also evaluating the impact...

Background: To determine the survival rates of endodontically treated posterior teeth (EDPT) restored with partial coverage all-ceramic crowns with or without the use of fiber posts. Methods: MEDLINE and Cochrane searches were conducted in order to identify Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) related to endodontically treated posterior teeth resto...

Objective: This article provides an updated overview of restorative procedures of endodontically treated teeth. Clinical considerations: The different techniques and procedures to restore an endodontic treated tooth were considered in the last decades. While they are generally performed using bonding procedures in combination with or without the...

IoT solutions represent one of the most powerful approaches towards asset and maintenance management supporting a multi-user environment that can be adopted to monitor machine and guide decision-making at different levels. Several studies discussed the benefits that may be achieved, but few studies discussed how to implement such a complex process...

Aim The present paper aimed to assess the accuracy gradient of scans made using an intraoral scanner (IOS) on a totally edentulous maxilla and the effectiveness of artificial markers. Materials and methods A reference scan was made by scanning a fully edentulous upper jaw cast (RC) with a dedicated metrological machine. On the RC, an IOS was used t...

Citation: Marchese, M.; Denise, P.I.K.; Ferrari Cagidiaco, E.; Iandolo, A.; Grandini, S.; Ferrari, M. Endodontic Irrigants and Their Activation Efficacy on Cleansing Post-Space Root Canal Walls. Prosthesis 2021, 3, 406-414.

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of a bioceramic endodontic sealer and a ZOE sealer at the apical third when used in combination with three different obturation techniques. Materials and methods A sample of 80 recently extracted intact human single-rooted maxillary premolars were included in the study. After instrumenta...

Nowadays, Internet of Things (IoT) platforms are becoming a huge opportunity for companies to collect data from connected machinery and analyse them to increase efficiency in production, optimize maintenance and introduce personalized service offerings. Specifically, multiple users can monitor real-time data and act based on updated information. Ne...

Objective To investigate the effect of the Coronavirus pandemic on the report of psychological status, bruxism, and TMD symptoms. Methods An online survey was drafted to report the presence of psychological status, bruxism activities, and reported symptoms of TMDs perceived during the COVID-19 pandemic in a population of 506 individuals. Results...

Objective: The present review aimed to systematically evaluate the occurrence of caries in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), either Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC), compared to healthy controls. Materials and methods: MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Google Scholar, LILACS, and Cochrane Library electronic databases were sc...

This article evaluated the sealing capacity of single crowns made of a new zirconia (Katana STML, Kuraray Noritake) when cemented with two different cement types and two different marginal preparation types. Forty intact human anterior teeth, extracted for periodontal reasons, were used. Each sample was prepared with two margin preparations: knife-...

Background: to clinically and molecularly evaluate the effect of an interproximal iuxta/subgingival direct composite restoration on periodontal tissues healing. Methods: Individuals in need of a posterior iuxta/subgingival interproximal restoration were consecutively enrolled. After enrollment, a Test (site with tooth decay) and a Control site (...

Objectives This double-blinded randomized controlled trial investigated economic performance indicators (EPI) in terms of time-efficiency and production costs of 3-unit monolithic zirconium-dioxide (ZrO2) implant fixed dental prostheses (iFDP) in three different workflows. Methods Twenty patients with two Straumann Tissue-Level-Implants received t...

Objectives Oral surgery morbidity is highly variable based on patients’ characteristics and kind of surgical intervention. However, poor data are available in the literature regarding patient outcomes after oral surgery. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate patient-reported outcome and complication rates after maxillary sinus floor e...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two different priming agents and/or sandblasting on the shear bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement to the resin composite for core build-up to CAD/CAM blocks. A CAD/CAM ceramic block (GN I CERAMIC BLOCK, GC) and a CAD/CAM resin composite block (CERASMART 270, GC), a self-adhesive resin c...

This double-blind randomized controlled trial with a crossover design analyzed the technical and clinical performance of three-unit monolithic ZrO2 implant-fixed dental prostheses (iFDPs), prepared using two complete digital workflows (Test-1, Test-2) and one mixed analog–digital workflow (Control). Each of the 20 study patients received three iFDP...

Aim: To evaluate the effect of prosthetic framework material and cantilever length on peri-implant strain in mandibular all-on-four implant-supported prostheses with different types of arch antagonist forces. Materials and methods: Models simulating a completely edentulous mandibular arch fabricated in heat-cured acrylic resin were used. On the...

A smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) strategy was used to assess the frequency of awake bruxism behaviors, based on the report of five oral conditions (i.e., relaxed jaw muscles, teeth contact, mandible bracing, teeth clenching, and teeth grinding). One hundred and fifty-three (N=153) healthy young adults (mean±SD age=22.9±3.2 y...

Objective: To compare clinical efficacy, chairside time, and post-treatment hypersensitivity of four instruments used for subgingival periodontal debridement. Materials & methods: Seventeen patients with stage II and III periodontitis were enrolled in this randomized clinical trial using a split-mouth design. Quadrants were randomly divided into...

Background: Patient's illness perception, assessed through the Brief-Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief-IPQ), plays a decisive role in the treatment effectiveness of a wide range of chronic diseases; nonetheless, evidence is still lacking regarding periodontitis. The aim of the present pre-post quasi-experimental study was to evaluate the cha...

Aim and objective: The present study compared the fracture strength and failure pattern of endodontically treated, bi-rooted, maxillary premolars with different number of coronal walls and postendodontic restoration (one vs double post). Materials and methods: 105 premolars were divided into 3 groups according to the number of residual walls: co...

Correctly articulated dental casts are essential for certain dental treatment. Articulation can be traditional: using a physical articulator; digital: using a physical articulator followed by 3D scanning, or virtual: using 3D scanning and software to articulate scans without initial physical articulation. This study compared the precision of tradit...

Aims Intraoral scanners (IOS) are used for a wide range of treatments. Most IOSs produce data appropriate for local work, such as crowns, but evidence suggests that full-arch scans result in more erroneous scans, which may affect the fit of clinical appliances. There are no standardized methods for assessing the quality of IOSs. Though many studies...

Background: The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the capability of an IOS (Intra Oral Scanner) device, used in standardized conditions, to detect margins of abutments prepared with knife-edge finishing line located at three different levels in relation to the gingival sulcus. Methods: sixty abutment teeth for treatment wit...

Background: The aim of this study was to collect long-term restorative and endodontic outcomes of endodontically treated teeth (ETT). Methods: 298 teeth were included in the study and were recalled up to 18 years with a media of 10.2 years. At baseline, 198 sample teeth (66.44%) showed symptoms and 164 (55%) had periapical radiolucency. The most...

The aim is to evaluate the influence of remaining tooth substance and post-endodontic restoration on fracture strength of endodontically treated maxillary incisors. 150 maxillary central incisors were divided into three groups, Group 0, intact teeth; Group 1, removal of distal wall; Group 2, removal of mesial and distal walls, and further into two...

Aim The aim of the present study is to review the literature evaluating the main steps required in complete denture rehabilitation in case of edentulous jaws in the digital workflow. Methods This review was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases. It focuses on the following clinical and laboratory steps: the impression, the registration of the...

Statement of problem Information about the accuracy of intraoral scanners for the edentulous maxilla is lacking. Purpose The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the accuracy of 3 different intraoral scanner techniques on a completely edentulous maxilla typodont. Material and methods Two completely edentulous maxillary typodonts with (wr...

Purpose: This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluated the behavior of lithium disilicate partial crowns by means of a novel Functional Index for Teeth (FIT). Methods: 105 subjects in need of at least a single prosthetic restoration in posterior areas were treated with adhesive partial crowns (for a total of 170 restorations) onto natural...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the influence of the number of coronal walls and post-endodontic restorations on the mechanical strength of 165 recently extracted endodontically treated maxillary premolars. Methods: The teeth were divided into 3 control (no post) and 3 test groups according to the number of residual walls. Each test...

Purpose To search the literature and to critically evaluate the findings on the periodontal outcomes of restorations and tooth‐supported fixed prostheses. Materials and Methods PubMed was searched according to a systematic methodology, previously reported, but updated to include a larger database. Filters applied were: Case reports, clinical trial...

Aim: Recording maximum intercuspal position (ICP) is critical for many dental procedures. Digital ICP from intraoral scanners (IOSs) produces variable results. This study investigated the sources of error in recording ICP using an IOS and a recently reported method. Materials and methods: A set of dentate models was scanned three times in a Rex...

Objectives To compare the effects of a stannous fluoride dentifrice and a sodium fluoride dentifrice on dentinal hypersensitivity when used with an oxalate-based regimen combining in-office and at-home treatment.Materials and methodsIn this single-center, randomized, controlled, double-blind, pilot clinical trial, 30 subjects were professionally tr...

Statement of problem: Information about the accuracy of intraoral scanners for the edentulous maxilla is lacking. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the accuracy of 3 different intraoral scanner techniques on a completely edentulous maxilla typodont. Material and methods: Two completely edentulous maxillary typodonts with...

Statement of problem: Intraoral scanners are promising options for removable prosthodontics. However, analog aids, including occlusion rims, are still used, as a completely digital workflow is challenging and scientific evidence on the topic is scarce. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess and compare the trueness and precision...

Background: Advanced computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology led to the introduction of an increasing number of machinable materials suitable for dental prostheses. One of these materials is polyetheretherketone (PEEK), a high performance polymer recently used in dentistry with favorable physical, mechanical and...

Objectives To evaluate the post-fatigue load-to-failure and failure modes of endodontically treated premolar teeth restored with endocrowns fabricated from different CAD/CAM materials. Materials and methods A total of 60 extracted human, single-rooted premolar teeth were endodontically treated and sectioned horizontally 2 mm above the cementoename...

In order to reduce the spread of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019), it is crucial to take extraordinary prevention and safety measures in dental offices, and to defer all elective and non-urgent procedures. Dental emergencies are defined through oral symptoms but, the systemic and psychological conditions of each patient should be considered. The...

The study evaluated the quality of gingival margins created by cervical margin relocation (CMR) technique using different materials and assessed the consistency of the results obtained by two in vitro methods: microleakage test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mesio-occlusal-distal cavities with subgingival proximal margins were prepared. Me...

Objective To investigate the influence of opacity and color of luting cements on the final shade of metal‐free restorations. Materials and Methods Five resin cement colors in combination with four different thicknesses of CAD/CAM ceramic materials were tested, and a composite substrate was used as dentin color reference (n = 3). Specimen color was...

Aim The objective of this In-vitro investigation was to analyze and compare the surface after polishing of 63 all-ceramic restorations fabricated out of monolithic zirconium dioxide (ZIR), lithium disilicate (LS) or feldspathic ceramic (FC) under standardized laboratory conditions with different protocols. The primary outcome was defined as the rou...

Aim The aim of this study was to measure primary and secondary implant stability through the resonance frequency analysis of mandibular implants and to evaluate the influence of implant diameter and length, sex, age and site. Materials and methods Thirty-six healthy patients who had mandibular implants placed were enrolled for the study. A total of...

The digital transformation in dental medicine, based on electronic health data information, is recognized as one of the major game-changers of the 21st century to tackle present and upcoming challenges in dental and oral healthcare. This opinion letter focuses on the estimated top five trends and innovations of this new digital era, with potential...

Purpose: A growing recognition of the importance of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) has led to the development of several instruments to measure their relationship with health. The objective of this review was to update the knowledge on the general and psychometric characteristics of the instruments to measure the quality of life (QoL...

Background: This study was aimed at comparing the accuracy of impressions of a reference typodont (RT) reproducing a totally edentulous maxilla made with three impression materials: polysulfide, polyether, and polyvinyl-siloxane. Methods: The RT was scanned using a desktop scanner, obtaining a reference scan. Ten impressions for each of the thre...

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentration and etching time on the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of RelyX Unicem 2 (3M Oral Care) to VITA Suprinity (Vita Zahnfabrik; zirconia-reinforced lithium-silicate glass ceramic: ZLS) and IPS e.max CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent; lithium-disilicate glass ceramic: LD). Materials and m...

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess if the curing mode and the etching mode could affect the push-out bond strength of different post cementation systems using two universal adhesives. Materials and methods: A total of 100 single-rooted teeth were divided into Prime & Bond Elect (PBE), Prime & Bond Active (PBA), and Prime & Bond XP (PBXP) a...

Aim: Lithium disilicate is available in two formulations: press and block. The first requires an analog workflow, the latter a full digital workflow. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical performance of two lithium disilicate systems by means of the novel Functional Index for Teeth (FIT) after one year of clinical service. Materials and me...

Questa terza edizione nasce per rispondere alle crescenti esigenze, dopo l’ottima ricezione, da parte degli studenti e cultori della materia. È dedicata alla Prof.ssa Elettra Dorigo De Stefano, primo docente di Materiali Dentari, Past President del Collegio dei Docenti di Odontoiatria, sotto il cui patrocinio è iniziato il nostro progetto; i suoi c...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of two finish lines on the fracture resistance and periodontal response of porcelain zirconia crowns. Ethical committee approval was obtained, and 50 zirconia single crowns were placed in posterior regions. Abutments were randomly distributed into two groups: Group 1 (feather-edge preparatio...

Aim Intraoral scanner can simplify the prosthodontic workflow with reduction of time, cost and several steps. However, clinical conditions can affect the quality of the digital impressions, especially if the tooth is prepared with subgingival vertical finish line. This report describes a technique to manage the interim crown by means of a case repo...

Aim Intraoral scanner can simplify the prosthodontic workflow with reduction of time, cost and several steps. However, clinical conditions can affect the quality of the digital impressions, especially if the tooth is prepared with subgingival vertical finish line. This report describes a technique to manage the interim crown by means of a case repo...