Marcelo Duarte

• Doctor in Entomology
• Head of Department at University of São Paulo

Sexual dimorphism in insects often extends beyond size differences, encompassing a range of morphological traits. These sex differences in wing size, body mass, antenna shape, and even the epiphyses of lepidopterans have been studied previously. The epiphysis, located on the foretibiae of lepidopterans, plays a crucial role in removing dust and oth...

The current understanding of ectoparasitic mites, especially those belonging to Otopheidomenidae, has been constrained by limited data derived primarily from museum specimens. To bridge this knowledge gap, we undertook a study to investigate mite infestations on freshly captured hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). From August 2016 to July 2018, we...

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classification. In this context, the B Brazilian meg...

Esta segunda edição segue a mesma linha da primeira, dando base para o incremento do conhecimento científico relativo à entomologia brasileira nos seus mais diversos aspectos, com informações gerais sobre morfologia, biologia, classificações, relações filogenéticas, importância agrícola, médica, veterinária, métodos de coletas e chaves de identific...

Epiphyses of ten hawkmoths species of Ambulycini (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) are described using stereoscopic microscope and scanning electron microscopy. New terminologies are proposed for the structure. The epiphyses showed variations in the eight morphological characters and acanthae is described in a species. Sexual dimorphism is observed and dis...

Encounters between flowers and invertebrates are key events for the functioning of tropical forests. Assessing the structure of networks composed of the interactions between those partners leads to a better understanding of ecosystem functioning and the effects of environmental factors on ecological processes. Gathering such data is, however, costl...

The importance of animal pollination is unquestionable and due to anthropogenic changes, there is a threat to general diversity. In this sense, it is crucial to show plant-pollinator interactions, such as nocturnal lepidoptera, which have been neglected and little studied. Therefore, in this study, we aimed at identifying potential floral resources...

Dysschema is the largest genus in Pericopina, with 69 species. The highly polymorphic species D. eurocilia (Cramer, 1777) was recently united in a clade with three other species: D. aorsa (Boisduval, 1870) stat. rev., D. bivittata (Walker, 1854) stat. rev. and D. molesta (Hering, 1925) stat. rev. Typological taxonomic treatment and lack of understa...

We propose a higher classification of the lycaenid hairstreak tribe Eumaeini – one of the youngest and most species‐rich butterfly tribes – based on autosome, Lepidopteran Z sex chromosome and mitochondrial protein‐coding genes. The subtribe Neolycaenina Korb is a synonym of Callophryidina Tutt and subtribe Tmolusina Bálint is a synonym of Strephon...

The deforestation of areas due to the expansion of cities and urban zones have directly affected natural habitats, causing negative changes, biodiversity loss and reducing populations size of native flora and fauna. In this context, butterflies are considered excellent organisms for monitoring environmental quality as they are involved in extremely...

Pericopina is divided into 36 genera, with the greatest diversity recorded in the Neotropics. Studies on the taxonomy and systematics of pericopines are scarce, and one of the few phylogenetic hypotheses available in the literature places some Afro‐Indo‐Malayan lineages among the Neotropical representatives. Through a survey of adult morphological...

The asopine Podisus gaumeri Distant, 1889 is removed from the synonymy with Tyrannocoris jole (Stål, 1862) and transferred to the genus Tylospilus stål, 1870. This decision is based on the examination of type specimens of several species of Tyrannocoris Thomas, 1992 and Tylospilus. Tylospilus gaumeri comb.n. et stat.rev. has the lateral margins of...

Elevation creates a variety of physical conditions in a relatively short distance, which makes mountains suitable for studying the effects of climate change on biodiversity. We investigated the importance of climate and vegetation for the distribution of butterflies from 800 to 1400 m elevation. We sampled butterflies, and woody and rosette plants...

Elevation creates a variety of physical conditions in a relatively short distance, which makes mountains suitable for studying the effects of climate change on biodiversity. We investigated the importance of climate and vegetation for the distribution of butterfl ies from 800 to 1400 m elevation. We sampled butterfl ies, and woody and rosette plant...

Vom Rath’s organ, located at the distal end of the third segment of the labial palp, is one of the recognized synapomorphies of Lepidoptera (Insecta). Information about the structural and histological morphology of this organ is sparse. The structure of vom Rath’s organ in four species of Nymphalidae, three frugivorous: Fountainea ryphea (Charaxina...

Vom Rath’s organ, located at the distal end of the third segment of the labial palp, is one of the recognized synapomorphies of Lepidoptera (Insecta). Information about the structural and histological morphology of this organ is sparse. The structure of vom Rath’s organ in four species of Nymphalidae, three frugivorous: Fountainea ryphea (Charaxina...

Rainfall is one of the most influential factors driving insect seasonality in the Amazon region. However, few studies have analyzed the temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies in the Brazilian Amazon, specially in its eastern portion. Here, we evaluated the diversity patterns and temporal distribution of fruit-feeding butterflies in a remnan...

We studied the Neotropical genera Epanycles Butler, Sciopsyche Butler and Episcepsis Butler. We investigated the delimitation of Epanycles, which at the beginning of this work was monotypic, but had a history of other species placed in it, all of which are currently placed in genera to which they do not belong. Indeed, we found Epanycles to include...

This paper provides the first phylogenetic classification of the Atlides Section (Lycaenidae: Theclinae, Eumaeini). It is based on a recently published morphological phylogenetic study, in which the Atlides Section proved to be monophyletic in all analyses. In particular, that study identified a hindwing cleft anal lobe in all members of the Atlide...

A comparative morphological study of the genus Theages Walker was performed. Five species, T. decorum (Schaus), T. griseatum (Rothschild), T. hoffmanni Travassos, T. pinasi Grados, and T. occultus Grados, were redescribed and the previously unknown female of T. pinasi was described. In addition, the occurrence of odoriferous organs on metatibia of...

Despite being one of the groups most well studied in Brazil, the butterfly fauna of northeastern Brazil, especially north of the mouth of São Francisco River, is poorly known. The aim of this study was to inventory the butterfly fauna in a remnant of Atlantic Forest in the state of Pernambuco as a contribution to understanding the distribution of t...

The Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest biome has been strongly impacted by human action and by various factors related to economic development. The hawkmoth Adhemarius eurysthenes (Sphingidae, Smerinthinae, Ambulycini) is endemic to the southern portion of this biome, with most of its existing populations within Brazil. Using CAD, wingless, and the bar...

Hairstreak butterflies in the Atlides Section of the Eumaeini are biologically notable for a diverse array of male secondary sexual organs. A “species recognition” hypothesis postulates that females use these organs to choose between conspecific and non‐conspecific males, thereby promoting reproductive isolation. Alternately, a “sexual selection” h...

The light-attracted silk moths (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) of the Boraceia Biological Station in the municipality of Salesópolis, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil have been sampled over more than seven decades (1942-2013). A total of 6,288 individuals (including a gynandromorph) belonging to five subfamilies, 46 genera and 133 species were id...

The aim of this study is to provide a list of the butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) that occur in the rupestrian grasslands of Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Butterflies were sampled using VSR traps and entomological nets in seven undisturbed plots between 800 and 1400m above sea level. We collected 1,520 individuals belonging to 172 s...

To have access to a full-text view-only version of this paper, please use the following link: https://rdcu.be/M3if ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hawkmoths are an important component of tropical ecosystems, with significant roles as herbivores and pollinators. These moths can be used as indicators...

Deforestation has negative impacts on diversity and community patterns of several taxa. In the eastern Amazon, where much deforestation is predicted for the coming years, forests patches may be essential to maintain the local biodiversity. Despite increasing concerns about the conservation of threatened areas, few studies have been performed to ana...

Ptychotrichos Schaus, 1894 is revised and redescribed based on external and genitalia characters. The genus is now characterized by the following autapomorphic characters: forewing more than twice as long as hindwing, hairbrush on dorsal surface of inner margin of hindwing, vinculum sigmoid, uncus bilobed, and valva with a proximal finger-like proj...

Cibyra pluriargenteus (Viette, 1955) is redescribed and both sexes are figured for the first time. The new monotypic genus Limyra, gen. nov., (Lepidoptera, Hepialidae) is erected to include L. silvai sp. nov. from São Paulo state, southeastern Brazil. The male genitalia are diagnostic for the genus. The male holotype is deposited in the collection...

The previously unknown male of Dysschema amapoarum Moraes & Duarte, 2015 from the Atlantic Rainforest of southeast Brazil is here described, with illustrations of the adult and genitalia. We also compare the habitus and morphology of D. amapoarum with three closely related species, in order to shed light on the taxonomic identity of this species.

The genus Dysschema belongs to Pericopina (Erebidae: Arctiinae: Arctiini). It is outstanding because of the extreme sexual dimorphism and polymorphism found among many of its species, with males and females mimicking different groups within Lepidoptera. This has led to a confused taxonomic scenario because males and females were routinely described...

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009;...

This plot is not part of the published stance but derives from it. The plot shows the number of authors by geographic region (courtesy of Dr. Diego Astua).

Orecta lycidas (Boisduval, 1875) is found in the Atlantic Forest of southern and southeastern Brazil and from southern Uruguay to Argentina. Brazilian populations are identified as O. l. lycidas, while in the other parts of its distribution it is known as O. lycidas eos (Burmeister, 1878). The poor representation of the species in scientific collec...

Recently a new species of bombyliid fly, Marleyimyia xylocopae, was described by Marshall & Evenhuis (2015) based on two photographs taken during fieldwork in the Republic of South Africa. This species has no preserved holotype. The paper generated some buzz, especially among dipterists, because in most cases photographs taken in the field provide...

Some native plants can survive the disturbances associated with agricultural activities, sometimes being considered weeds and objects of control practices. However, these plants can be very important to support populations of native insects in disturbed habitats. Alternanthera halimifolia (Lam.) Standl. (Amaranthaceae) is locally considered a weed,...

Host-associated larval polychromatism is described for the first time for the Neotropical hairstreak Strymon bubastus (Stoll, 1780) (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae, Eumaeini) based on larvae collected in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile on inflorescences of Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene (Verbenaceae) and Waltheria ovata Cav. (Malvaceae) and r...

Five new species of Heliura Butler (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) are described: H. laguerrei Pinheiro and Cerda, H. beneluzi Pinheiro and Cerda, Heliura crameri Pinheiro and Cerda, H. nigriventris Pinheiro and Duarte, and H. pauloi Pinheiro and Duarte. The last three species are placed in the H. stolli (Rothschild) species group, which is delimited for t...

Since its establishment ZOOTAXA has become not only a rapid journal for zoological systematics but also a respected forum for discussions of all taxonomic matters, and it has gradually attained a distinguished position among other zoological journals by its special issues. These collections of papers treat varied themes such as the Carl Linnaeus le...

Nine new species of the genus Heliura are described from Brazil (H. brasiliana sp. nov., H. olivocolora sp. nov., H. pulcherrima sp. nov., and H. laerteae sp. nov.), Ecuador (H. ecuadoris sp. nov.), Peru (H. flavipennis sp. nov. and H. peruana sp. nov.), and Venezuela (Heliura albiventris sp. nov. and H. juliani sp. nov.). They are illustrated in h...

Summary Nine new species of the genus Heliura are described from Brazil (H. brasiliana sp. nov., H. olivocolora sp. nov., H. pulcherrima sp. nov., and H. laerteae sp. nov.), Ecuador (H. ecuadoris sp. nov.), Peru (H. flavipennis sp. nov. and H. peruana sp. nov.), and Venezuela (Heliura albiventris sp. nov. and H. juliani sp. nov.). They are illustra...

Larvae and pupae of Scolecocampa medara (Schaus) were collected in galleries inside decaying tree trunk where larvae were found feeding. Descriptions and illustrations of the last instar and pupa, as well as information on the natural history of S. medara are here provided. The larval chaetotaxy is compared with two closely related species, Scoleco...

Description of four new species of the tiger moth genus Dysschema Hübner (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae, Arctiini, Pericopina). Four new species of Pericopina are described, three from southeast of Brazil: Dysschema uriasi Moraes, sp. nov., Dysschema wayneri Moraes, sp. nov., Dysschema amapoarum Moraes & Duarte sp. nov., and one from Mexico: Dys...

O projeto RedeLep/CNPq possibilitou um grande avanço na execução de diversas ações para a conservação dos lepidópteros ameaçados de extinção no Brasil e de seus habitats, principalmente gerando informações essenciais para a definição de melhores estratégias para a conservação que, por sua vez, geraram a redução de categoria de ameaça de 13 espécies...

Details of the egg, larval, and pupal morphology of Adeloneivaia fallax (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) are described and illustrated and compared with other species of Saturniidae, more specifically with other Ceratocampinae. Egg ultrastructure is described for the first time in Ceratocampinae; larval chaetotaxy is documented for the first...

Details of the egg, larval, and pupal morphology of Adeloneivaia fallax (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) are described and illustrated and compared with other species of Saturniidae, more specifically with other Ceratocampinae. Egg ultrastructure is described for the first time in Ceratocampinae; larval chaetotaxy is documented for the first...

A survey of the richness, abundance and species composition of Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) was performed in a fragment of Atlantic Rainforest at the Serra do Japi Biological Reserve, Municipality of Jundiaí, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Sampling was done monthly, on 2 consecutive nights, from Dec 2011 to Oct 2012, totaling 264 hours of sampling effort....

A survey of the richness, abundance and species composition of Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) was performed in a fragment of Atlantic Rainforest at the Serra do Japi Biological Reserve, Municipality of Jundiaí, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Sampling was done monthly, on 2 consecutive nights, from Dec 2011 to Oct 2012, totaling 264 hours of sampling effort....

A survey of the richness, abundance and species composition of Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) was performed in a fragment of Atlantic Rainforest at the Serra do Japi Biological Reserve, Municipality of Jundiaí, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Sampling was done monthly, on 2 consecutive nights, from Dec 2011 to Oct 2012, totaling 264 hours of sampling effort....

The biology and morphology of the early stages of 22 species of Eumaeini (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae, Theclinae) are presented. Observations were collected through the inspection of inflorescences in the field and the rearing of 214 larvae in laboratory. Allosmaitia strophius (Godart) associated with Malpighiaceae species and the polyphagous Strymon m...

The native shrub Baccharis alnifolia Meyen & Walp. (Asterales: Asteraceae) is recorded as the first larval host plant known for the Neotropical hairstreak Thaeides muela (Dyar, 1913) (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Eumaeini), based on field samplings performed on the western slopes of the northern Chilean Andes.

The types of Ctenuchina and Euchromiina that were described by E. Ménétriés, deposited at the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg, are catalogued. All but one of the types are of names described from Brazil and collected during the Langsdorff expedition; the only non-Brazilian type was collected in California,...

A cladistic analysis of the Neotropical Castniidae is presented using 120 morphological characters, and a taxonomic treatment based on that analysis is also presented. The tribe Gazerini as previously delimited was found to be paraphyletic with respect to the genera Ceretes, Divana, Riechia, Frostetola, and Oiticicastnia. The genera Castnia, Geyeri...

This paper is part of a study with the goal of describing the diversity of Isotomidae (Collembola) of the State of São Paulo in southeastern Brazil. Paracerura Deharveng & Oliveira, 1994 comprises only 6 known species, all of which are restricted to Brazil. Three new species from the Atlantic Rainforest are described and illustrated, in addition an...

Taxonomic notes on specific and generic names of Ctenuchina, Euchromiina, and Phaegopterina are provided. Five new synonymies are established: Cercopimorpha complexa Gaede (= Neacerea tetilla Dognin), Episcepsis scintillans Rothschild (= Heliura luctuosa Möschler), Eucereon theophanes Schaus (= Eucereon metoidesis Hampson), Delphyre leucomela Kaye...

A list of species was prepared by examining 2,772 specimens deposited in 10 Brazilian collections. A total of 499 arctiines were recorded in 30 municipalities, 1.4% of these species are endemic to the state of Santa Catarina. The most species-rich localities were Joinville, São Bento do Sul, Seara, and Brusque. Only 15 nights of samplings were perf...

This paper presents a survey of the insects that feed on fruits of Psittacanthus Martius (Santalales: Loranthaceae), a hemiparasitic mistletoe genus that infects trees in Brazil and other neotropical countries. The aim of the study was to identify candidate insects for biological control of Psittacanthus mistletoes. Unripe and mature fruits were co...

Male secondary sexual characters in Lepidoptera may be present or absent in species that otherwise appear to be closely related, an observation that has led to differences of opinion over the taxonomic usefulness of these structures above the species level. An evolutionary issue raised by this debate is whether male secondary sexual characters (1)...

A list of lycaenid butterflies reared on inflorescences is provided and discussed. Over 13,000 inflorescences from 35 plant families of the cerrado (a region with savanna-like vegetation) of Distrito Federal, Brazil, were examined. Larvae were reared in the laboratory and 321 adults from 38 lycaenid species were obtained from 55 plant species belon...

Egg and pupa of Lobeza dentilinea Schaus, 1901 are described and illustrated for the first time. Eggs are smooth, dome-shaped, and greenish at oviposition. Last instar larvae have an aposematic coloration and the chaetotaxy is very similar to other notodontines, except for the number of lateral setae: L. dentilinea has three instead of four lateral...

This is the first record of Oenomaus ortygnus (Cramer) damaging fruits of ilama (Annona diversifolia) and extends the butterfly distribution for three states in Mexico.

The Castniidae, or butterfly moths, are characteristically colourful diurnal moths, distributed throughout the tropics except in Africa. The Neotropical representatives forage almost exclusively on monocotyledonous plants and many species are crop pests with more than 60% of the Neotropical castniids found or endemic in Brazil. Research studies tha...

Butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea) of the "Baixada Santista" region, coastal São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. A list with 538 species of butterflies recorded in the Baixada Santista, São Paulo (SE Brazil) is presented. Standard sampling protocols (i.e. with entomological nets) were followed. Baited traps were installed for fru...

Em atendimento à Chamada 2 do Programa SISBIOTA-Brasil, o projeto atual visa desenvolver pesquisa científica para ampliar o conhecimento e entendimento sobre a biodiversidade brasileira, principalmente através de: 1) inventário da diversidade genética, filogenética, funcional e morfológica de Lepidópteros em áreas insuficientemente amostradas, incl...

Mallodeta Butler and Erruca Walker, revalidated, are redescribed and revised. Mallodeta henceforth includes only its type-species, Glaucopis (Lycorea) clavata Walker, and Erruca is resurrected with seven species: E. deyrolii Walker (type-species), E. consors (Walker), new combination, E. erythrarchos (Walker), new combination, E. cardinalis (Hampso...

Diurnal Lepidoptera tend to have colorful and conspicuous wing patterns, which is the reason the first classifications of day-flying moths and butterflies were based mainly on wing color and pattern characters. This is the case with the Neotropical Castniidae, which are usually large and colorful day-flying moths. One classification listed 134 spec...

Diurnal Lepidoptera tend to have colorful and conspicuous wing patterns, which is the reason the first classifications of day-flying moths and butterflies were based mainly on wing color and pattern characters. This is the case with the Neotropical Castniidae, which are usually large and colorful day-flying moths. One classification listed 134 spec...

Description and phylogenetic analysis of the Calycopidina (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae, Eumaeini): a subtribe of detritivores. The purpose of this paper is to establish a phylogenetic basis for a new Eumaeini subtribe that includes those lycaenid genera in which detritivory has been recorded. Morphological characters were coded for 82 specie...

The Neotropical lycaenid hairstreak genus Thepytus Robbins and its eight species are revised. Species treatments summarize nomenclature, distribution, habitat, behavior, and diagnostic traits, as well as noting why each species is considered distinct under a biological species concept. An identifi cation key for males and a checklist are included....

Details of egg, larval, and pupal morphology are described and illustrated for Calycopis bellera (Hewitson) and C. janeirica (Felder), with a special emphasis on larval chaetotaxy. Wild-caught Calycopis females laid eggs on dead leaves in the laboratory, and the caterpillars successfully completed development on an artificial agar diet to which no...

Details of egg, larval, and pupal morphology are described and illustrated for Calycopis bellera (Hewitson) and C. janeirica (Felder), with a special emphasis on larval chaetotaxy. Wild-caught Calycopis females laid eggs on dead leaves in the laboratory, and the caterpillars successfully completed development on an artificial agar diet to which no...

Butterflies of the Atlantic Forest of Rio de Janeiro State: Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera). Two hundred and seven species of lycaenids (Theclinae and Polyommatinae) are currently known from the Rio de Janeiro State. These records were compiled from entomological collections and the scientific literature. The municipalities in which each species occurs ar...

Butterflies of the Atlantic Forest of Rio de Janeiro State: Pieridae (Lepidoptera). Forty seven taxa of Pieridae (46 species) are recorded from the state of Rio de Janeiro, including their municipalities of occurrence. These records come from papers containing lists of species, entomological collections, unpublished field surveys and personal obser...

Comparative external morphology of the three species of the Telchin licus (Drury) complex (Lepidoptera, Castniidae) with a synonymy. A detailed morphological study of head, thorax, and abdomen is provided for three closely related species of Neotropical sun-moths. The taxonomic position of these species is controversial. Prior to the present study...

Comparative external morphology of the three species of the Telchin licus (Drury) complex (Lepidoptera, Castniidae) with a synonymy. A detailed morphological study of head, thorax, and abdomen is provided for three closely related species of Neotropical sun-moths. The taxonomic position of these species is controversial. Prior to the present study...

Two hundred and seven species of lycaenids (Theclinae and Polyommatinae) are currently known from the Rio de Janeiro State. These records were compiled from entomological collections and the scientific literature. The municipalities in which each species occurs are listed. Some parts of Rio de Janeiro State, especially the northwest, are poorly doc...

The light-attracted hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) of the Estação Biológica de Boracéia,municipality of Salesópolis, state of São Paulo, Brazil were sampled during a period of 64 years (1940-2004). A total of2,064 individuals belonging to 3 subfamilies, 6 tribes, 23 genera and 75 species were identified. Macroglossinae was themost abundant and...

O presente trabalho visa fornecer subsídios para estudos morfológicos comparativos de Lycaenidae neotropicais. Hemiargus hanno (Stoll, 1790) é a primeira espécie neotropical de Polyommatinae a ter sua morfologia detalhada na literatura. Essa borboleta pode ser encontrada em ambientes abertos com vegetação rasteira, desde o sul do Texas até a Argent...

Balint and Johnson described genus Elkalyce in the Lycaenopsis Section of the Polyommatini for the South American butterfly Lycaena cogina Schaus and suggested that it is closely related to the tropical Asian Oreolyce Toxopeus. This systematic place-ment was based on four characters that are phylogenetically uninformative or incorrect. A medial unc...

Details of egg, larval, and pupal morphology are described and illustrated for Calycopis caulonia (Hewitson). In particular, larval chaetotaxy is documented for the first time in Calycopis. Lab methods for inducing wild-caught Calycopis females to lay eggs and for rearing larvae on artificial diet are reported. These methods may be useful in severa...

A species level phylogenetic analysis of Cyanophrys Clench was performed using 14 characters of the frons, wing venation, wing shape, androconia, and genitalia. There were 15 most parsimonious cladograms, and a successive weighting iteration re- sulted in three of these 15. Cyanophrys is characterized in this paper by two hypothesized synapomorphie...

Calycopis sullivani Robbins & Duarte is described from wet lowland rain forest on the Atlantic Coast of Central America, and Calycopis cicero Robbins & Duarte is named from cloud forest on the eastern slope of the Andes of Ecuador. Both new species and C. caesarieshave the ductus ejaculatorius entering the penis ventrally, a character state that ha...

Dolophilodes (Sortosa) marinonii, n. sp. (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae) is described and illustrated from the state of Paraná, southern Brazil. This is the second Brazilian species of the subgenus Sortosa.

Larvae of Hemiargus hanno (Stoll, 1790) (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Polyommatinae) are for the first time reported to be attended under field conditions by ants of the formicine genus Brachymyrmex Mayr, 1868 (Myrmelachistini). Structural features of the last instar larva and pupa of H. hanno are described and illustrated with the aid of scanning elec...

The use of nectar and pollen of a bromeliad by two heliconiine butterflies, Heliconius ethilla narcaea Godart, 1819 and H. sara apseudes (Hübner, [1813]) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae), is herein reported. Observations were made during a pollination study of Aechmea gracilis Lindman (Bromeliaceae, Bromelioidea) in a second-growth forest o...

This is the first of a series of contributions concerning exoskeletal morphology of neotropical lycaenid butterflies (blues and hairstreaks). The cephalic capsule morphology of Hemiargus hanno (Stoll, 1790) is herein presented with drawings and SEM photographs.

This is the first of a series of contributions concerning exoskelelal morphology of neotropical lycaenid butterflies (blues and hairstreaks). The cephalic capsule morphology of Hemiargus hanno (Stoll, 1790) is herein presented with drawings and SEM photographs.