Marcelo F. Aebi

University of Lausanne | UNIL ·  Ecole des sciences criminelles (ESC)

Este artículo contrasta una hipótesis situacional que postula que en 2020 el número de femicidios debería haber aumentado como consecuencia involuntaria de los confinamientos impuestos para evitar la propagación de la pandemia de COVID-19. Los datos mensuales de femicidios entre 2017 y 2020, recogidos en seis países de habla castellana —Argentina,...

This special SPACE I report analyses trends in European prison populations during the first nine months of the year 2020 using four points in time as reference: 1 January, 15 April, 15 June, and 15 September. These dates correspond to the state of prisons and prison populations before the pandemic (1 January), after the first month of the lockdowns...

This document summarizes the main findings of the 2019 Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics on Persons under the Supervision of Probation Agencies1, better known under the acronym SPACE II, and compares them to those of the 2019 Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics on Prison Populations, SPACE I, which was published in April 2020

This paper tests a situational hypothesis which postulates that the number of femicides should increase as an unintended consequence of the COVID-19-related lockdowns. The monthly data on femicides from 2017 to 2020 collected in six Spanish-speaking countries—Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Panama, Mexico, and Spain—and analyzed using threshold models...

Cybercrime is on the rise, and so is the need to systematically analyze its prevalence, distribution, causes and consequences. While official records (mainly police, prosecution and court statistics) provide important information to explore online crime, they have been subject to extensive criticism due to the presence of measurement error arising...

This paper explores antifa activists’ use of doxing on Twitter against individuals perceived as alt-right militants. Following the principles of Grounded Theory, we collected 4690 tweets published by antifa users between September 2019 and September 2020 and analysed a random subsample of 1638. Results show that antifa users perceive alt-right acti...

Many studies have analysed the violence to which sex workers (SWs) are exposed in countries where prostitution is criminalised, but violence in sex work when it is a legal and freelance activity has seldom been studied. This study is based on non-systematic participant observation and 14 interviews conducted with cisgender and transgender freelance...

Cybercrime is on the rise, and so is the need to systematically analyze its prevalence, distribution, causes, and consequences. While official records (mainly police, prosecution and court statistics) provide important information to explore online crime, they have been subject to extensive criticism due to the presence of measurement error arising...

This paper presents a comprehensive study of penal policies of (former) Yugoslav countries in the last 70 years. The Yugoslavian penal policy has been unique in the sense of leniency but was by no means uniform in its implementation. A comparative analysis of the development of penal policy in the observed states, supported by statistical data on c...

This chapter discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on crime rates in Switzerland in 2020. It analyses the development of the pandemic in the country and the measures adopted to contain its spread. Brief attention is given to the evolution of partial lockdown measures for the population and their implementation in the institutions of the cri...

Esta obra desarrolla una crítica detallada de la criminología crítica marxista desarrollada en los años 1970 en Europa y Estados Unidos y exportada luego a América Latina, donde mantiene aún una presencia importante, a pesar de la falta de investigación empírica sobre su impacto en la comprensión y la prevención de la delincuencia en ese subcontine...

This paper analyzes the correlates of traditional (burglary, vehicle theft, theft from vehicles, and pickpocketing) and online property crime (data theft and online fraud), with particular attention given to the relation between them and the risk of multiple victimizations. Data are gathered from a large and representative victimization survey cond...

This article explores the routine precautions taken by sex workers (SW) in Switzerland, a country in which sex work is a legal activity. It is based on approximately 1100 h of non-systematic participant observation spread over 18 months and 14 semi-structured interviews with indoor and outdoor SW. The findings show that SW use a series of routine p...

This document summarizes the main findings of the 2021 Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics on Prison Populations, better known under the acronym SPACE I. The Covid-19 pandemic contributed to reducing the prison population in Europe between January 2020 and January 2021, consolidating a ten-year-long trend in most European states. Key factors...

Résumé Dans la pratique d’une majorité d’autorités de poursuite pénale, la place réservée aux victimes de violence domestique dans le processus d’évaluation et de gestion des risques est très limitée. Toutefois, différentes recherches suggèrent que les victimes arrivent à évaluer relativement bien leur risque de victimisation future. Cette étude ch...

This article highlights the research potential of the European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey (EU-MIDIS), which the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights had conducted twice across Europe by 2021. It begins with an overview of the EU-MIDIS project before concentrating on the second survey (EU-MIDIS II) conducted in 2015 and 2016...

Este artículo analiza la comparabilidad de las definiciones de las infracciones utilizadas en la literatura científica y la investigación en criminología comparada —provenientes de la tradición anglosajona del common law— con aquellas utilizadas en el Código Penal Español (CPE), que provienen de la tradición del derecho continental. El análisis dem...

Background Mental health professionals (MHP) working in court-mandated treatment settings face ethical dilemmas due to their dual role in assuring their patient’s well-being while guaranteeing the security of the population. Clear practical guidelines to support these MHPs’ decision-making are lacking, amongst others, due to the ethical conflicts w...

This document summarizes the main findings of the 2020 Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics on Prison Populations, better known under the acronym SPACE I.

This document summarizes the main findings of the 2020 Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics on Persons under the Supervision of Probation Agencies1, better known under the acronym SPACE II, and compares them to those of the 2020 Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics on Prison Populations, SPACE I, which was published in April 20212.

Les Roms forment la plus grande minorité ethnique en Europe, mais peu d’études se sont focalisées sur la délinquance et la victimisation au sein de cette communauté. Cet article présente une recherche exploratoire portant sur la victimisation et la délinquance des jeunes Roms roumains en Suisse romande. L’étude suit une démarche mixte qui combine 1...

Cet article cherche à établir si la numérisation de la société devrait conduire à une adaptation des théories en criminologie comparée ou si elle entraîne un changement de para-digme explicatif. Il montre que la numérisation est un phénomène plus global que la modernisation et que les indicateurs traditionnels de la criminalité n'ont pas bien saisi...

During the month of March 2020, most European countries introduced lockdowns of their populations to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Such measures can have an impact on the extent of crime and, indirectly, on the size of prison populations. The reason is that, according to situational-based criminological theories, crime is the result o...

This article studies the process of attrition through a follow-up of all cases of domestic violence registered by the police forces of one Swiss canton in the first half of 2012 (N = 592) as they pass to the prosecution and the court stage of criminal justice proceedings. The results show that the attrition rate found in Switzerland (80 percent) is...

This document summarizes the main findings of the 2019 Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics on Prison Populations, better known under the acronym SPACE I. The overall imprisonment rate – the number of inmates per 100,000 inhabitants- remained stable in Europe from 2018 to 2019. On 31 January 2019, there were 1,540,484 inmates in the 50 prison...

This study focuses on obtaining a better understanding of the amount of data required by a crime linkage system to identify serial violent crimes. The key objective of the research was to empirically test and discuss the relevance of reducing the content necessary to use these tools. Data for the current study was extracted from a French violent cr...

Is there really an over-representation of foreign citizens in European prisons? Is the presence of foreign inmates comparable across regions and countries of Europe? How can one explain the differences in the trends shown by the absolute numbers and the percentages of foreign inmates from 2005 to 2015? Do foreign citizens have less access than nati...

How many inmates are held in European prisons? Among them, how many are women? How many are foreign citizens? How many are not serving a final sentence? How many people enter prison every year, and how long do they remain there? Are there enough places for all of them? What is the ratio of inmates per member of prison staff? How much do prisons cos...

How many inmates are held in European prisons? Among them, how many are women? How many are foreign citizens? How many are not serving a final sentence? How many people enter prison every year, and how long do they remain there? Are there enough places for all of them? What is the ratio of inmates per member of prison staff? How much do prisons cos...

Ce texte introductif offre une synthèse de l'évolution de la criminalité sur les deux derniers siècles. Il expose les principes des recherches empiriques sur le crime et la réaction sociale et résume les connaissances sur bon nombre de thèmes d'actualité. La criminalité a-t-elle réellement augmenté? Pourquoi les jeunes sont-ils plus souvent impli...

This document summarises the main findings of the 2018 Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics on Prison Populations, better known under the acronym SPACE I. The rates and percentages presented here correspond to the European median values computed on the basis of figures weighted by the population and the number of inmates in each country (see M...

Crossnational comparisons of crime are usually based on two main types of sources: crime statistics and crime surveys. Provided they use the same questionnaire and the same methodology, crime surveys constitute the best source for comparisons. Comparisons based on surveys are described in other sections of this book. This chapter is devoted to cros...

This document summarises the main findings of the 2018 Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics on Persons under the Supervision of Probation Agencies , better known under the acronym SPACE II, and compares them to those of the 2018 Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics on Prison Populations, SPACE I, which was published in April 2019 .

This article tries to identify the reasons that explain the lack of data for some of the variables included in the police databases that are used by criminal investigators to establish links between offences in order to detect serial offenders. It is based on an empirical analysis of the missing data in the cases introduced in the French Violent Cr...

The SPACE I 2016 annual report is part of the SPACE project . This project produces annual overview on main indicators of custodial and non-custodial activities in all Member States of the Council of Europe. The first part of the project (SPACE I) provides data on the populations held in custody and/or in other types of penal institutions across Eu...

This article analyses the data on minors included in the police, prosecution, conviction, prison and probation statistics of 45 European nations in 2010, which were collected in the European Sourcebook of Crime and Criminal Justice Statistics. The main conclusions of the analysis are that comprehensive juvenile justice statistics are seldom availab...

In the recent years, one of the main concerns for prison administrations was the reduction of prison populations. The obvious way of dealing with such an issue was the search for alternative community-based solutions. During this period, quite the whole Europe created or improved the role and the position of probation services inside the criminal j...

This study examines the concurrent validity of the Violent Crime Linkage Analysis System (ViCLAS) by comparing the percentage of serial sexual offenders identified by this instrument with the one revealed by research based on self-reported studies conducted with incarcerated sexual offenders. Data are taken from the ViCLAS database used by the Fren...

This paper analyses the relationship between the drop in traditional crimes in Western highly industrialised societies and the evolution of cybercrime. It includes a review of the criminological debate on the crime drop, which shows that the exchanges between researchers allowed clarifying its extent and limits, but without reaching agreement about...

This article analyses the profile of the criminal cases that are handled by the customary justice system for children in one governorate of Egypt. Data were collected during seventeen months through monthly semi-directive interviews with fourteen arbitrators. This provided information on 244 customary justice proceedings involving 296 children. The...

En este libro se aborda el estudio de cuatro manifestaciones delictivas que han cobrado protagonismo en los últimos años: la delincuencia juvenil, la inmigración y la delincuencia, la delincuencia organizada y la violencia de género. El primer capítulo proporciona una introducción al estudio de la delincuencia juvenil, favoreciendo el desarrollo de...

This chapter introduces the available research on long-term crime trends and shows the major role that cross-national comparisons have played since the nineteenth century, revealing that the first researchers were fully aware of such comparisons’ pitfalls. Since then, most research has focused on homicide trends—often used as a proxy for trends in...

The SPACE I 2014 annual report is part of the SPACE project . This project produces annual overview on main indicators of custodial and non-custodial activities in all Member States of the Council of Europe. The first part of the project (SPACE I) provides data on the populations held in custody and/or in other types of penal institutions across Eu...

This paper analyses trends in imprisonment in Slovenia from 2005 to 2014, and compares them with the ones observed in the rest of Europe. Data were taken from the Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics – SPACE I. The primary results show that Slovenia increased its prison population by 30% during the period under study and, after 2011, the priso...

Analysing the evolution of imprisonment and community sanctions in Europe from 1990 to 2010 this article tests whether community sanctions have been used as alternatives to imprisonment or as supplementary sanctions. The results show that both the number of persons serving community sanctions and the number of inmates have continuously increased in...

This study assessed health care utilization of aging prisoners and compared it with that of younger prisoners. Health care utilization comprised visits to general practitioners (GPs), nurses, and mental health professionals (MHPs) for a period of 6 months. Using retrospective study design, data were extracted from medical records of 190 older priso...

http://euc.sagepub.com/content/12/4/381.full.pdf+html

This article examines the evolution of prison populations in Western Europe from 1982 to 2011 and its relation with recorded crime trends in the region. Data are taken mainly from the Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics in the case of prison statistics and the European Sourcebook of Crime and Criminal Justice Statistics in the case of police...

www.unil.ch/space

www.unil.ch/space

This article analyses rates and correlates of homicide in 15 West European countries from 1960 to 2010. The results show that the levels of homicide in 2010 and the trends in homicide from 1960 to 2010 are not related to any of the traditional demographic and socioeconomic predictors of crime. Homicide victimization rates show an increase from the...

www.unil.ch/space

INTRODUCTION Crossnational comparisons of crime are usually based in two main types of sources: crime statistics and crime surveys. Provided they use the same questionnaire and the same methodology, crime surveys constitute the best source for comparisons. Comparisons based on surveys are described in other sections of this book. This chapter is de...