Marc Wyszynski

Universität Bremen | Uni Bremen · Faculty 03: Mathematics/Computer Science

In two experiments, participants had to choose between a sure and a risky option. The sure option was presented either in a gain or a loss frame. Need was defined as a minimum score the participants had to reach. Moreover, choices were made under two different time constraints and with three different levels of induced need to be reached within a f...

To investigate how neediness and identifiability of a recipient influence the willingness of a donor to invest resources in charity-like lotteries we propose a new game, called ‘need game’. Similar to the dictator game, the need game includes two players, one active player (the donor or dictator) and one passive player (the recipient). Both players...

The present study investigates the influence of framing, different amounts to lose, and probabilities of a risky and sure choice option, time limits, and need on risky decision-making. For a given block of trials, participants were equipped with a personal budget (number of points). On each trial within a block, a specific initial amount is possibl...

We report two studies investigating individual intuitive-deliberative cognitive-styles and risk-styles as moderators of the framing effect in Tversky and Kahneman's famous Unusual Disease problem setting. We examined framing effects in two ways: counting the number of frame-inconsistent choices and comparing the proportions of risky choices dependi...

To investigate the impact of framing on rule-breaking in social dilemmas, we incorporated a rule in a 1-shot resource game with 2 framing treatments: in one frame, we offered a give-some dilemma (i.e., a variant of a public goods game), and in the other frame, a take-some dilemma (i.e., a variant of a commons dilemma game). In each frame, all parti...

We investigate the impact of individual differences in risk-style and thinking-style on choice option characteristics in Tversky and Kahneman's famous Unusual Disease problem setting with a psychophysical data collection approach extending Mahoney et al. (2011). In addition to gain-loss frames, we varied the number of affected people, probabilities...

To investigate the impact of framing on rule-breaking behavior in social dilemmas, we incorporated a rule in a one-shot resource game with two framing-treatments: One frame was a give-some dilemma (i.e., a variant of a public goods game) and the other frame a take-some dilemma (i.e., a variant of a commons dilemma game). In each frame, all particip...

The present study investigated to what extent attitudes toward tax evasion and social benefit fraud are influenced by framing, media priming, and the individual tendency to prejudices. It was further examined whether debiasing interventions could reduce or eliminate possible effects of framing and media priming. Tax evasion and social benefit fraud...

The present study investigated to what extent attitudes toward people who committed tax evasion or social benefit fraud are influenced by framing, media priming, and the individual tendency to prejudices. It was further examined whether debiasing interventions could reduce or eliminate possible effects of framing and media priming. Tax evasion and...

To investigate the willingness to share and to provide means to someone’s need, we designed an experiment called need game which includes two players, one active (the participant, AP) and one passive (PP). Both players require a minimum need of 2200 points. AP is endowed with 2350 points and must retain 2200 points. PP starts with 0 points and must...

We examined the impact of identifiability, framing, and time limits on altruism towards individuals in need. We designed an experiment that consisted of various lotteries with different winning/losing probabilities. Participant’s task was to use a portion of an initial endowment to place a bet on each lottery. If they won, the gain was added to the...

This study examined framing effects in decisions concerning public health. Tversky and Kahneman’s famous Asian Disease Problem served as experimental paradigm. Subjects chose between a sure and a risky option either presented as gains (saving lives) or as losses (dying). The amount of risk varied in terms of different probabilities. The number of a...