About
63
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Introduction
Marc Moraine currently works at the Département Sciences pour l'Action et le Développement (SAD), French National Institute for Agricultural Research. Marc does research in Agronomy and agroecology, about Crop-Livestock integration at territory level and the diversity of farming systems, complementarities and synergies at local level.
Additional affiliations
March 2012 - July 2015
Position
- PhD Student
Description
- This thesis builds on a methodology of participatory design of integrated crop-livestock systems at territory level in three steps: diagnosis of issues, design of technical and organizational options for change, multicriteria assessment.
Publications
Publications (63)
The aim of this article is to show the relevance of the sociology of market agencements (an off shoot of actor–network theory) for studying the creation of alternative agri-food networks. The authors start with their finding that most research into alternative agri-food networks takes a strictly informative, cursory look at the conditions under whi...
Context
Crop-livestock integration is a theoretical ideal for sustainable agriculture. However, the number of European crop-livestock farms has decreased due to multiple factors (e.g. agricultural policies and work constraints). Crop-livestock integration beyond the farm level (e.g. through grain-manure exchanges) is a relevant option to address th...
The case for solving the environmental crisis through a bioeconomic transition is gaining momentum. However, aims and content of such a transition remain unclear, as this could target an economic sector, the analysis of economic activities, or society as a whole, especially in its relationship to the biosphere. This last possible object of transiti...
The multi-level perspective (Geels, 2004) is widely used to define sociotechnical transitions through the sociotechnical landscape’s pressures This perspective raises existing problems in the dominant regime, and innovations in niches (Geels and Kemps, 2007) Agriculture here is conceptualized as a patchwork of sociotechnical systems embedded in var...
While there is increasing evidence of the sustainability benefits of diversified systems in the organic cropping sector, this has been much less investigated with organic livestock farming. To fill this knowledge gap, we surveyed a sample of 128 European organic multi-species livestock farms located across seven countries – Austria, Belgium, France...
In this article, we examine the contribution of farmers groups to the agroecological transition and the opportunities that the Common agricultural policy offers for their financing. To this end, we present two case studies of innovative agroecological projects that illustrate the benefits of their collective dimension. We then provide an overview o...
Dans un contexte caractérisé par l’existence de difficultés d’ordre économique, social et environnemental, cette communication a pour ambition de présenter, de façon synthétique, un état des lieux chiffré des secteurs bovins (lait et viande) français. Elle s’appuie pour ce faire sur l’utilisation de différentes sources d’informations disponibles, d...
While there is increasing evidence of the sustainability benefits of diversified systems in the organic cropping sector, this has been much less investigated with organic livestock farming. To fill this knowledge gap, we surveyed a sample of 128 European organic multi-species livestock farms located across seven countries – Austria, Belgium, France...
Territorial Life Cycle Assessment (TLCA) appears a promising method to support informed decision making of local actors in territorial agricultural production systems (TAPS), by assessing environmental impacts of agricultural activities and potential strategies. The objectives of this study were to i) adapt TLCA methodology to integrated environmen...
Ongoing specialization of crop and livestock systems provides socioeconomic benefits to the farmer but has led to greater externalization of environmental costs when compared to mixed farming systems. Better integration of crop and livestock systems offers great potential to rebalance the economic and environmental trade-offs in both systems. The a...
Résumé.
Dans un contexte caractérisé par l'existence de difficultés d'ordre économique, social et environnemental, cette communication a pour ambition de présenter, de façon synthétique, un état des lieux chiffré des secteurs bovins (lait et viande) français. Elle s'appuie pour ce faire sur l'utilisation de différentes sources d'informations dispo...
The aim of this article is to show the relevance of the sociology of market agencements (an offshoot of actor–network theory) for studying the creation of alternative agri-food networks. The authors start with their finding that most research into alternative agri-food networks takes a strictly informative, cursory look at the conditions under whic...
Mixed livestock farms, through the diversity of productions and potential synergies among animals, are possibly robust and resilient models of livestock farming. Sustainability of livestock systems highly depend on the degree of self-sufficiency, and the type and intensity of ecosystem services and disservices delivered to the territory. Achieving...
Crop and livestock production have become spatially decoupled in existing commercial agricultural regimes throughout the world. These segregated high input production systems contribute to some of the world's most pressing sustainability challenges, including climate change, nutrient imbalances, water pollution, biodiversity decline, and increasing...
Les complémentarités entre culture et élevage apparaissent de plus en plus comme des leviers de développement de pratiques durables. A l’échelle territoire, ces complémentarités entre exploitations spécialisées permettent de recréer une diversité fonctionnelle entre systèmes, tout en maintenant une forme de spécialisation individuelle. Des projets...
Integrating crops and livestock is an agroecological way of farming as it enables maintaining production levels while limiting negative environmental impacts. At the farm scale, crop–livestock systems declined due to globalized markets, policies, and limited availability of workforce and skills. Exchanges of manure and crops among already specializ...
In agroecological approaches, autonomy emerges as a central concept. It is also meaningful for farmers, for whom implementing the agroecological transition of livestock farming systems (LFS) requires greater autonomy with respect to inputs and the dominant socio-economic and technical regime. How does this concept of autonomy encompass the complexi...
In agroecological approaches, autonomy emerges as a central concept. It is also meaningful for farmers, for whom implementing the agroecological transition of livestock farming systems (LFS) requires greater autonomy with respect to inputs and the dominant socio-economic and technical regime. How does this concept of autonomy encompass the complexi...
Les complémentarités culture –élevage entre exploitations spécialisées et/ou de polyculture-élevage correspondent à des idéaux théoriques, mais aussi à des réalités de terrain qui restent mal connues. Cette étude fondée sur plusieurs cas d’études de collectifs d’agriculteurs montre une grande diversité de situations: à plus ou moins grande échelle,...
Ce numéro d'Innovations Agronomiques rassemble des articles issus de communications présentées au colloque national «Les polycultures-élevages: valoriser leurs atouts pour la transition agro-écologique » organisé par le RMT SPyCE et AgroSup Dijon, à Dijon les 10 et 11 octobre 2017.
In Europe, developing Agroecology requires a redesign of production systems towards agroecology, to provide a scope of environmental, economic and social benefits at local and global level. We studied the combination of resources that farmers or groups of stakeholders mobilize for developing agroecological farming systems integrated in sustainable...
Despite their recognized agricultural sustainability benefits, mixed crop-livestock farms have declined in the Northern hemisphere. As such, crop-livestock integration beyond the farm level is a promising alternative to this trend, but the knowledge of critical factors and strategies towards its successful implementation is still lacking. We develo...
Integrating crop and livestock farming at the regional level, via exchanges among farms, could be a promising solution to current farming challenges. However, establishing trade relationships (buying/selling of feed or manure) among farmers can be rather complex in terms of collective organisation (e.g., logistics, management). Here, we describe a...
Prendre en charge les problématiques environnementales qui s’expriment au niveau du paysage et gérer durablement les ressources naturelles implique d’aborder la conception de systèmes techniques agricoles à l’échelle territoriale. Cet article propose une revue des enjeux liés à la conception de systèmes culture-élevage au niveau du territoire en ré...
Collaboration among grain-growers and livestock farmers makes it possible to tackle challenges related to feed autonomy in organic livestock systems. It also facilitates organic fertilisation in organic grain-growing systems. Such collaborations vary in their intensity, challenges, and benefits. Here, we explored 3 case studies involving partnershi...
Integrated crop–livestock systems have been shown to improve nutrient cycling, particularly by re-coupling nitrogen and carbon cycles. Yet the number of mixed crop–livestock farms has been falling steadily in Europe. Integration between crops and livestock at the local level, through exchanges between already specialised farms, is rarely implemente...
Les filières agricoles connaissent une importante restructuration, se traduisant par une déconnexion de plus en plus forte entre opérateurs des filières et ceux des territoires, et entre lieux de production et usages des ressources locales. Les filières utilisent des ressources des territoires, mais n'y opèrent souvent qu'une partie de leur activit...
Le processus de globalisation s'accompagne d'une importante restructuration des filières agricoles, se traduisant par une déconnexion de plus en plus forte entre opérateurs des filières et ceux des territoires, et entre lieux de production et usages des ressources locales. Les opérateurs des filières utilisent des ressources des territoires, mais n...
Paradoxically, the number of crop–livestock farms
is declining across Europe, despite the fact that crop-livestock
farms are theoretically optimal to improve the sustainability of
agriculture. To solve this issue, crop–livestock integration
may be organized beyond the farm level. For instance, local
groups of farmers can negotiate land-use allocati...
Agricultural systems face numerous sustainability challenges that require their ecological modernization. Strong changes in agricultural practices may require redesigning farming systems and involving local stakeholders in an agroecological transition. Development of Integrated Crop-Livestock Systems (ICLS) is a promising transition pathway. They c...
Despite recognized benefits for sustainability of agriculture, mixed crop-livestock farms tend to decline in the Northern hemisphere. Crop-livestock integration (CLI) beyond farm level is a promising alternative to this trend, but requires further understanding. We synthesize existing case studies to propose an analytical framework that identifies...
Integrated crop–livestock systems are often considered a promising way to address agricultural sustainability issues. Many authors claim that complementarities and synergies between crops and livestock can improve nutrient cycling and delivery of ecosystem services (ES) in agricultural systems. They have analyzed effects of interactions at the farm...
• Land use of livestock systems at different spatial and temporal scales is a particular concern among environmental and foodsecurity issues. • We present an analytical framework that conceptualizes livestock systems as social (economic and social organizations/institutions) and ecological (grasslands, crops, and animals) systems. The framework hig...
L’intégration culture – élevage à l’échelle territoire représente une voie pour améliorer le fonctionnement métabolique et les services écosystémiques fournis par les systèmes agricoles, malgré les contraintes de spécialisation des exploitations. Cette thèse propose une méthodologie de conception de systèmes culture – élevage au niveau du territoir...
Introduction Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) are recognized worldwide as a way to improve farming sustainability (Hendrickson et al., 2008; Ryschawy et al., 2014). Interactions between crops, livestock and grasslands potentially provide multiple ecosystem services. Soil quality improvement would result from organic fertilization from lives...
Improving agricultural sustainability through innovative mixed farming systems (MFS) is the scope of the EU project CANTOGETHER. MFS may refer to activities on a single farm and/or to cooperation between farms (e.g. animal and crop production). Combining agricultural production with biodiversity and environmental goals may also be involved. To desi...
The development of integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) is a major challenge for the ecological modernisation of agriculture but appears difficult to implement at a large scale. A participatory method for ICLS design has been developed and implemented in 15 case studies across Europe, representing a range of production systems, challenges, cons...
In developed countries, the development of interactions between crops and livestock could enhance sustainability of agriculture, as an alternative to the specialization trends. Strengthening integration of crop and livestock at farm and territory levels may improve metabolism efficiency of agricultural systems and enhance ecosystem services. It als...
Projet Cantogether sur le bassin versant de l’Aveyron
Pour faire face aux changements et s'adapter aux enjeux du développement durable, les agriculteurs innovent par eux-mêmes en matière de système de culture. Afin de repérer et capitaliser cette innovation, une démarche a été mise au point et testée par les partenaires du RMT Systèmes de culture innovants dans leur réseau expérimental et dans le rése...
Réintégrer les cultures et l'élevage dans des systèmes mixtes est un enjeu fort de l'écologisation de l'agriculture. Pour appuyer la conception de tels systèmes à l'échelle exploitation et territoire, nous proposons un modèle conceptuel d'intégration selon deux approches : les flux de matières en vue d'améliorer l'efficience des ressources, les ser...
Blackleg—Leptosphaeria maculans—is a major worldwide pest for oilseed rape. Blackleg is an airborne pathogen spreading over several kilometres and surviving
for at least 3–5years on crop residues. In oilseed rape, the classical control strategy against blackleg is varietal resistance.
However, genetic diversity is decreasing in agricultural crops....
Biodiversity performs major ecological services supporting soil fertility, crop protection and productivity. At the local landscape scale, crop rotation organization in farms contributes to crop-mosaic pattern and thus associated properties (Thenail et al., 2009). Hedges also provide services in terms of flood mitigation, water flow, soil erosion,...
Blackleg, a major disease in rapeseed, can be managed using varietal resistance. However, to minimize resistance breakdown, other management techniques must also be used. We studied current agricultural systems used to manage rapeseed and blackleg on farms by means of a survey in two French regions. The data obtained were summarized and eight main...
