Manuel Aguilar

Universidad de Cádiz | UCA · Department of Psychology

Resumen La investigación sobre el desarrollo cognitivo indica que el ser humano posee un sentido numérico al que se viene denominando “Sistema de Aproximación Numérica” (SAN). Existen también características diferentes para el sistema de representación de números simbólicos, denominado “Sistema Numérico Preciso” (SNP). En este contexto, los objetiv...

Hay coincidencia en varios de los diagnósticos en el sistema escolar que constatan los bajos niveles de logro académico y de aprendizaje en matemática de los estudiantes, como también, carencias en la formación de profesores y profesoras. Sin embargo, las propuestas y acciones orientadas al cambio no parecen estar alineadas con la evidencia que pro...

Research on cognitive development suggests that the human being has a number sense called "Approximate Number System" (ANS). There are also different characteristics for the representation system of symbolic numbers, called "Accuracy Number System". In this context, the aims of the study were: (a) to identify and longitudinally evaluate the develop...

Proyecto I+D+i. Ref. PID2019-105584GB-I00 del Ministerio español de Ciencia e Innovación. RESUMEN En la actualidad, uno de los mayores retos educativos sigue siendo superar las dificultades que genera el aprendizaje matemático en el alumnado de Educación Primaria y Educación Secundaria. Recientemente, se ha incrementado la investigación sobre el ap...

This research presents the findings of a comparative study of mathematical competence among 130 students (M = 54.08 months; SD = 2.57) from vulnerable school contexts in Chile and the Spanish public school system. The study analyses a set of general and specific domain precursors for which evidence of socioeconomic background exists. Using multivar...

Early literacy skills serve as the best precursors of reading success and risk indicators of the double deficit and triple deficit hypotheses according to the spelling consistency of languages. Our study analyzes the predictive value of phonological awareness, naming speed, and orthographic skills for early reading in Spanish. Participants included...

The main goal of this study was to analyze the contribution of predictors of both domain-general (working memory, processing speed, and receptive vocabulary) and domain-specific variable (estimation and magnitude comparison) processes to informal mathematical performance (numbering, comparison, calculation, and understanding of concepts) in prescho...

One of the means for representing quantities/magnitudes is the mental number line. It is still a nonsolved question as to whether the method of learning mathematics in the early years could improve this type of estimating. A total of 233 students, aged four and five years, who learned mathematics with a new method called Open Algorithm Based on Num...

En los últimos años, se ha investigado la relación existente entre los dos sistemas cognitivos que contribuyen al procesamiento de cantidades (el sistema de aproximación numérica (SAN) y el (SEN) sistema de exactitud numérica) y su influencia en el rendimiento y dificultades de aprendizaje de las matemáticas. En este estudio, se investiga la relaci...

Background: The acquisition of mathematical abilities is associated not only with several academic aptitudes but also with the development of particular cognitive skills. This study analysed the role of the general and specific domain precursors of informal mathematical thinking. Method: A total of 109 4-year-old children (M = 59.30 months; SD = 3....

The main goal of this study was to analyse, using structural equation modeling, the contribution of predictors of both domain-general (working memory, processing speed and receptive vocabulary) and domain-specific (estimation and magnitude comparison) processes to informal mathematical performance (numbering, comparison, calculation and understandi...

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have an increasing influence on the way we interact, learn, and live. The increase in teaching and learning methodologies that are mediated by ICT in the field of education and in the domestic settings encourages the design of new effective technological tools, supported by scientific research and de...

This article presents the results of a comparative study regarding the impact and contribution of two instructional approaches to formal and informal mathematical reasoning with two groups of Spanish students, aged four and five. Data indicated that for both age groups, children under the ABN method [Open Algorithm Based on Numbers (ABN)] (n = 147)...

https://www.edicionespiramide.es/libro.php?id=5346349

Introducción. El presente estudio analizó el papel predictor sobre la fluidez de cálculo de distintos predictores específicos que conforman las habilidades numéricas tempranas.Método. Un total de 122 alumnos (M = 69.89 meses; DT = 3.44), de los cuales 54 fueron niñas y 68 niños. Las habilidades numéricas fueron evaluadas al finalizar la educación i...

At present, we have been hearing from various educational and scientific forums the need to work on improving the mathematical learning of our students. Mathematics is considered by students as one of the most complex subjects and also the one with the least successful results in our students' grades. Mathematics researches have highlighted the nee...

Based on evidence and empirical analysis of different variables associated to academic achievement, this research aims to identify elements to be considered in the training process of early education mathematics teachers. Among the different researched factors, affective-attitudinal factors linked to mathematics learning are highlighted, due to the...

The present study evaluated the effectiveness of educational intervention software, Playing with Numbers-2 on early mathematics learning. This software trains learning and mathematical reasoning skills, using an evidenced-based procedure. A total of 156 second-year preschool boys and girls (Mean age = 65.39 months) were assessed by the Early Numera...

Resumen.Actualmente, la naturaleza y desarrollo de la recta numérica mental de los niños es objeto de una amplia línea de investigación. En una tarea sobre la línea numérica se pide a los niños que señalen un número presentado en una recta numérica física con extremos fijos. Por lo general, se observa que las estimaciones de los niños y jóvenes ine...

El efecto san Mateo en lectura se refiere al fenómeno contrastado de cómo las diferencias en el rendimiento entre buenos y malos lectores pueden incrementarse a lo largo del tiempo de escolarización. Presentamos un estudio longitudinal acerca de la presencia/ausencia del efecto san Mateo en una muestra de estudiantes evaluados desde 1.° a 5.° de ed...

El efecto san Mateo en lectura se refiere al fenómeno contrastado de cómo las diferencias en el rendimiento entre buenos y malos lectores pueden incrementarse a lo largo del tiempo de escolarización. Presentamos un estudio longitudinal acerca de la presencia/ausencia del efecto san Mateo en una muestra de estudiantes evaluados desde 1.° a 5.° de ed...

The open calculation based on numbers (ABN) is an innovative mathematics teaching-learning methodology used with a huge number of school children. The aim of this work was to study the cognitive profiles associated to ABN method, compared to those following a closed procedure traditional methods based on ciphers (CBC). A total of 128 first-year stu...

Number sense is regarded as a strong predictor of mathematics achievement at formal school. This paper describes the improvement of early math skills using computer-assisted instruction and the effectiveness of an intervention program. An experimental design with control and experimental groups, and pre- and postintervention measurement was used. P...

The open calculation based on numbers (ABN) is an innovative mathematics teaching-learning methodology used with a huge number of school children. The aim of this work was to study the cognitive profiles associated to ABN method, compared to those following a closed procedure traditional methods based on ciphers (CBC). A total of 128 first-year stu...

Introduction. This study analyses the predictive role of several specific components of early numerical skills on the fluency calculation. Method. A total of 122 students (Mean age = 69.89 months; SD = 3.44), 54 girls and 68 boys participated in the study. The early numeracy skills were assessed by the end of pre primary school education, and fluen...

Investigaciones recientes señalan que las habilidades de procesamiento numérico de los niños al comienzo de la Educación Primaria, preceden al desarrollo de la aritmética en el alumnado, en las modalidades de codificación verbal oral y alfabética, analógica y escritura en cifras árabes. En este trabajo que pretende conocer el desarrollo de la cogni...

Early math skills are determined by higher cognitive processes that are particularly important for acquiring and developing skills during a child's early education. Such processes could be a critical target for identifying students at risk for math learning difficulties. Few studies have considered the use of a structural equation method to rationa...

Se presenta un estudio de caso de dislexia evolutiva de una estudiante universitaria. La finalidad de este trabajo es describir el proceso de evaluación, intervención y seguimiento desde el Servicio Universitario de Atención Psicológica y Psicopedagógica (SAP). Los resultados señalan la importancia del desarrollo de un programa adaptado a las neces...

Having screening tools to identify students at risk of learning difficulties in mathematics is an essential resource to address future interventions that reduce failure and poor performance in mathematics. We present a pilot study with 49 students (average age of 9 years, 5 months) of 4th year of primary education to which we have evaluated with t...

Desde la corriente de Alfabetización Emergente se investiga sobre los predictores de la competencia lectora. Uno de esos predictores es la conciencia fonológica. Nuestro estudio pretende comprender la secuencia normal de desarrollo en el mecanismo de adquisición lectora averiguando el grado de dificultad de distintas tareas de conciencia fonológica...

La utilización de un soporte informatizado como procedimiento de evaluación puede presentar ciertas ventajas frente a la tradicional vía de lápiz-y-papel. Un ejemplo de ello es la variable motivacional que asociada a las tareas informatizadas puede conllevar a una mayor funcionalidad de los resultados. Además, la vía informatizada, puede medir una...

En este estudio se trató de detectar el alumnado en riesgo de presentar dificultades de aprendizaje de las matemáticas, en los niveles iniciales de la escolarización obligatoria, satisfaciendo la necesidad de llevar a cabo una evaluación completa y exhaustiva, determinando qué aspectos de la evaluación del rendimiento matemático correlacionan con l...

This study tested a structural model of cognitive-emotional explanatory variables to explain performance in mathematics. The predictor variables assessed were related to students’ level of development of early mathematical competencies (EMCs), specifically, relational and numerical competencies, predisposition toward mathematics, and the level of l...

Changes on early mathematic competency with children in risk of learning difficulties were studied, after a computer assisted mathematic training program. A total of 128 second-year preschool boys and girls were assessed by the Early-Numeracy-Test (ENT-R). For 30 sessions, a remedial intervention was carried out using “Playing with Numbers 2.0” sof...

Early numeracy skills can be predicted from several higher cognitive processes at early ages. Therefore, both a cognitive assessment and early mathematics test were administered to 208 preschool participants, in order to explain the potential predictive role of higher cognitive processes in mathematics performance. Results from stepwise multiple l...

Changes on early mathematic competency with children in risk of learning difficulties were studied, after a computer assisted mathematic training program. A total of 128 second-year preschool boys and girls were assessed by the Early-Numeracy-Test (ENT-R). For 30 sessions, a remedial intervention was carried out using "Playing with Numbers 2.0" sof...

Resumen Se hace una revisión exhaustiva del estado del arte de las dificultades de aprendizaje de las matemáticas, considerando inicialmente las diferentes terminologías utilizadas para referirnos a este tipo de problemática. Asimismo, se revisan las diferentes estadísticas sobre la prevalencia de este tipo de trastorno y se analizan las causas más...

La utilización de un soporte informatizado como procedimiento de evaluación puede presentar ciertas ventajas frente a la tradicional vía de lápiz-y-papel. Un ejemplo de ello es la variable motivacional que asociada a las tareas informatizadas puede conllevar a una mayor funcionalidad de los resultados. Además, la vía informatizada, puede medir una...

In the latest PISA report (2012), Spain scored 10 points below the OECD average and 5 points below the European Union. That suggests it is convenient to review Early Mathematics teaching and learning procedures. The Algorithm Based on Numbers (ABN) methodology represents a significant change in the quantity and quality of children's mathematical ac...

In the latest PISA report (2012), Spain scored 10 points below the OECD average and 5 points below the European Union. That suggests it is convenient to review Early Mathematics teaching and learning procedures. The Algorithm Based on Numbers (ABN) methodology represents a significant change in the quantity and quality of children’s mathematical ac...

The aims of this study were to verify the potential differences in prospective memory (PM) among young people, adults and the elderly; analyze the relationships between variables of comprehension and verbal fluency and PM; and finally, verify the existence of a relationship between self-reported health status and performance on PM. A cross- section...

The target of this work was to study the acquisition of metalinguistic skills as children progress through the school and determine the importance of each metalinguistic ability in performance decoding and reading comprehension process. We were particularly interested in the contribution made by each differential skill to the processes of reading d...

http://formacionasunivep.com/documents/ejep/2%20_83-93_.pdf La utilización de un soporte informatizado como procedimiento de evaluación puede presentar ciertas ventajas frente a la tradicional vía de lápiz-y-papel. Un ejemplo de ello es la variable motivacional que asociada a las tareas informatizadas puede conllevar a una mayor funcionalidad de lo...

Existen suficientes evidencias empíricas que demuestran que las dificultades matemáticas están relacionadas con déficits en las funciones ejecutivas, especialmente con la velocidad de procesamiento, la memoria de trabajo, el procesamiento fonológico y los procesos atencionales. En esta línea de investigación es donde el presente estudio tiene cabid...

The interest to improve math performance involves people in different areas of life therefore may be useful for the progress of society. Frequently efforts are focused in order to obtain an ideal performance in math during Primary and Secondary school. But the bases for learning are acquired earlier (Clements & Sarama, 2007). It is important identi...

In the school-age population, the prevalence of mathematics disabilities is 5%-9% (Geary, 2004; Jordan, 2007). Lifelong opportunities associated with math disability form a critical prob-lem. Math skills accounts for an important part of the variance in work productivity, income, and employment, even more than reading and intelligence (Fuchs et al....

The Early Numeracy Test-revised (ENT-r) was developed and a provisional standardization procedure was carried out in order to adapt the new ENT-r. This new version of the ENT-r was translated into Spanish and adapted from paper-and-pencil process to a computerized version with the aim to be available on line for schools. In this paper we present th...

Using a computerized task as an assessment procedure may have advantages over the pencil-and-paper traditional way. The motivational variable associated to computerized tasks can involve a higher unctionality results. Computerized tool also can measure a higher range of variables such as response time, error and correct responses, etc. We present...

El interés por mejorar el rendimiento en matemáticas puede ser útil para el progreso de la sociedad ya que afecta a las personas en diversas áreas de la vida. Normalmente se dirigen esfuerzos a la obtención de un óptimo rendimiento en matemáticas durante las etapas de Educación Primaria y Secundaria, pero los pilares en los que se asientan los apre...

Study of the influence of intelligence and gender in the assessment of early math. This study evaluated the influence of gender and intelligence in early maths performance, and detected students at risk of maths learning difficulties. A total of 44 second-year preschool boys and girls (Mean age = 53.75 months) were assessed by 3 different tests: Ut...

Proponemos desde el enfoque del procesamiento de la información, el estudio de características cognitivas que faciliten la identificación de superdotados. A tal fin, elaboramos una tarea de habilidad de segmentación silábica que, a partir del modelo propuesto por Baddeley sobre la memoria de trabajo y la distinción entre procesos automáticos y cont...

Longitudinal studies allow us to identify, which specific maths skills are weak in young children, and whether there is a continuing weakness in these areas throughout their school years. This 2-year study investigated whether certain socio-demographic variables affect early mathematical competency in children aged 5-7 years. A randomly selected sa...

This study identified the cognitive processes that underlie the individual differences in early mathematical performance in elementary school children. Taking into account the Baddeley framework multicomponent model, the inhibitory processes, working memory, phonological awareness, and naming speed are considered to be related to early math learnin...

Se plantea el objetivo de comprobar si los participantes que muestren mejor ejecucion en desarrollo operatorio son tambien mejores en habilidades de calculo y resolucion de problemas. Este conocimiento permitiria un mejor screening del alumnado que pudiera presentar dificultades de aprendizaje. Han participado 122 alumnos entre 77 y 95 meses de eda...

Although there is a relationship between phonological awareness and reading, the reasons for this relationship are controversial. Phonological knowledge is a necessary skill for learning to read, but the process of learning to read can facilitate the development of this knowledge. Previous studies have provided training in phonological awareness, b...

Operational development and arithmetic knowledge: Piaget's theory revisited. The purpose of this study was to find out if participants that had higher performance on operational development tasks were also better on calculation and mathematical problem solving skills. This knowledge should allow better mathematical learning disabilities' screening...

The ability to read is a basic acquisition that conditions children's social integration and it is an important factor in school success. It is considered a complex activity in which different levels of cognitive processes are involved. The relationship between phonological awareness, naming speed and learning to read has been widely studied. Resea...

Cognitive styles are a stable attitudes, preferences, or habitual strategies that determine individuals' modes of perceiving, remembering, thinking, and problem solving. The impulsivity-reflectivity cognitive style refers preference for making responses quickly versus pausing to decrease the number of errors in problem-solving situations. Relations...