Mandapati Kavitha

Brandeis University · Department of Chemistry

Background The use of thiotepa-treosulfan-fludarabine (TTF) conditioning and a peripheral blood stem cell graft have improved transplant outcomes in high-risk thalassemia major. However, there is still a need to identify predictors of poor outcomes in this cohort to optimize the transplant outcomes further. Endothelial activation and stress index (...

Purpose: Severe myelosuppression in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) undergoing 6-MP-based maintenance therapy is attributed to TPMT gene polymorphisms, which is rare in Asian populations. This study aims to evaluate the role of selected polymorphisms in NUDT15, ITPA, and MRP4 genes in addition to TPMT in predicting 6-MP intoleranc...

Background: High-dose melphalan (MEL) is the standard conditioning regimen used for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Generic MEL is routinely used in various transplant centers across the world including ours due to its reduced cost and ease of availability. We compared the pharmacokinetics (PK) a...

Aim: To present a new protocol to optimise ultrasound (US) assessment of haemophilic arthropathy. Materials and methods: Ultrasound of haemophilic arthropathy joints was performed using three different ultrasound protocols, namely, the Toronto-Vellore Comprehensive Ultrasound (TVC-US) protocol, the Haemophilia Early Arthropathy Detection with Ul...

Background & objectives: Peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs), with universally poor outcome. This study was undertaken to provide data on demographics and outcomes of patients with PTCL who underwent treatment in a single tertiary care centre in southern India. Methods: Retrospective st...

Patients and methods: A longitudinal study was carried out in 255 children from 10 centres in nine developing countries over 5 years to assess the musculoskeletal outcome of children on episodic factor replacement. Outcome was documented by assessment of the annual joint bleeding rate (AJBR), WFH clinical and Pettersson radiological joint scores a...

Introduction:Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) cures beta thalassemia major (TM). Such individuals, ex-thalassemics, have good long term survival. However, there is limited data on long term outcome (LTO) of this therapy. This is particularly relevant as these patients often have organ dysfunction pre-transplant due to secon...

Objectives: This study was undertaken to determine the correlation between the radiological changes in haemophilic arthropathy [X-ray, Ultrasound (US) and MRI] and clinical assessment as determined by the Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS); and to document the US and MRI changes in joints that appear normal on plain X-ray and clinical evaluation...

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article is to assess the reliability of interpretation of ultrasound findings according to data blinding in maturing hemophilic joints and to determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound compared with MRI for assessing joint components. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Ankles (n = 34) or knees (n = 25) of boys with hemophilia...

Background Scrub typhus, a bacterial zoonosis caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, may cause multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and is associated with significant mortality. This study was undertaken to document the clinical and laboratory manifestations and complications and to study time trends and factors associated with mortality in patients w...

Ultrasound Elastography Imaging (UEI) is one of the in vivo stiffness measurement methods for human tissues. Since stiffness is highly correlated with pathology of tissue, measurement of stiffness could be helpful in diagnosis of cancer in breast, thyroid, prostate and liver. UEI involves, applying a small external compression on tissue of interest...

This study sought to document the clinical and laboratory manifestations, genetic variability, and outcomes of scrub typhus, an often severe infection caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, in South India. Patients admitted to a large teaching hospital with IgM ELISA-confirmed scrub typhus were evaluated. Clinical examination with a thorough search for...

Cryptosporidium parvum is an enteric protozoan parasite that has emerged as a major cause of diarrhea, malnutrition, and gastroenteritis and poses a potential bioterrorism threat. C. parvum synthesizes guanine nucleotides from host adenosine in a streamlined pathway that relies on inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). We have previously i...

Cryptosporidium parvum (Cp) is a potential biowarfare agent and major cause of diarrhea and malnutrition. This protozoan parasite relies on inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) for the production of guanine nucleotides. A CpIMPDH-selective N-aryl-3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-1-phthalazineacetamide inhibitor was previously identified in a hi...

Modelling of tissue mimicking phantoms play a crucial role in the development of Ultrasound Elastography. This paper deals with both computer modelling and physical design of agar based tissue mimicking phantoms with embedded inclusions of varying stiffness in uniform homogeneous background. The elastic properties of agar based phantom are imaged u...

Cryptosporidium parvum and related species are zoonotic intracellular parasites of the intestine. Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of diarrhea in small children around the world. Infection can cause severe pathology in children and immunocompromised patients. This waterborne parasite is resistant to common methods of water treatment and therefore...

Common breast lesions have different elasticity properties. Segmentation of contours of breast lesions from elastography and B mode images by incorporating variational level set method is involved in the proposed work. After segmentation, strain and shape features, such as differences in area, perimeter, and contour and width to height difference a...

Tissue mimicking phantoms play a crucial role in the development of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging. This paper deals with the preparation and study of agar based tissue mimicking phantoms. Acoustic and elastic properties are studied for various concentration of agar samples (1.7%-10% by weight). Acoustic properties are measured using puls...

A monomeric copper(II) complex, [Cu(tpq)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2, (tpq=tripyridoquinoxaline), has been synthesized and characterized spectroscopically. This complex has been found to bind DNA intercalatively and the DNA binding constant, Kb, for this complex has been determined from absorption measurements and was found to be (5.7±0.3)×103M−1. This complex...

An efficient protocol was standardized using axillary bud and shoot tip explants of Catharanthus roseus – an anticancer medicinal plant. The highest number of shoots (19.6 shoots / auxiliary node) was observed after 45 days of culture in the MS medium supple-mented with NAA (4.0 mg l –1) + BA (4.0 mg l –1). Shoots were proliferated and elongated in...

To determine the anti-bacterial efficacy of chloroform, ethanol, ethyl acetate and water extracts of inter-nodal and leaves derived calli extracts from Mentha arvensis (M. arvensis) against Salmonella typhi(S. typhi), Streptococcus pyogenes(S. pyogenes), Proteus vulgaris(P. vulgaris) and Bacillus subtilis(B. subtilis). The inter-nodal and leaves se...

Assessment of musculoskeletal function in individuals with haemophilia has been attempted with clinimetric instruments, which use predetermined domains for assessing the same. This study introduces the application of an instrument, the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), which is an open-ended questionnaire that allows patients to pri...

Scrub typhus is a zoonotic illness endemic in the Asia-Pacific region. Early diagnosis and appropriate management contribute significantly to preventing adverse outcomes including mortality. Serology is widely used for diagnosing scrub typhus. Recent reports suggest that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) could be a rapid and reliable alternative. Thi...

518 Targeted dosing of busulfan (Bu) has been shown to improve outcome of allogeneic HSCT (aHSCT) in patients with leukemia. There is limited data on correlation of Bu PK with outcome in patients with thalassemia major (TM)) undergoing aHSCT. We have previously shown that first dose trough level of Bu (Cmin1) predicts graft rejection (Chandy et al,...

Problem statement: Elastography is developed as a quantitative approach to imaging linear elastic properties of tissues to detect suspicious tumors. We propose an automatic feature extraction method in ultrasound elastography and echography for characterization of breast lesions. Approach: The proposed algorithm was tested on 40 pairs of biopsy pro...

Limited data exists on the long-term treatment outcome and prognosis of childhood ALL in India. Three hundred and seven children (1-14 years) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were treated with a modified BFM protocol 76/79 between 1985 and 2003. Treatment outcome and prognostic factors were evaluated. The median age was 6 years; 78% had B li...

Fourteen children with a median age of 9.8 yr with SAA (10 males, four females) underwent related HLA identical allogeneic stem cell transplantation using Flu, Cy +/- ATG between 2004 and 2006. GVHD prophylaxis consisted of cyclosporine +/- mini methotrexate. Graft source included PBSCs (seven) or BM (seven). One patient expired <7 days post-transp...

Semecarpus anacardium L. is a well known medicinal plant in Ayurvedic and Siddha medicine. It has been found to have a lot of medicinal Properties, particularly for its anti-cancerous activity. The present review deals with distribution, phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of S. anacardium. Furthermore, the safety evaluation of Siddha prepara...

From October 1991 to December 2006, 218 patients with β thalassemia major underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplant at this center. This represents 45% of all transplants performed here. The median age of this cohort of patients was 7 years (range: 2–24) with 144 males and 74 females. The pre-transplant characteristics were as follows: red cell t...

Usual cytoreductive therapy for bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for thalassemia major consists of busulfan (Bu) 14–16mg/kg and cyclophosphamide(Cy) 160–200mg/kg +/− anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG). In high risk patients, this is associated with significant regimen related toxicity and graft rejection. Fludarabine (Flu) containing conditioning has b...

Leukemia is one of the leading journals in hematology and oncology. It is published monthly and covers all aspects of the research and treatment of leukemia and allied diseases. Studies of normal hemopoiesis are covered because of their comparative relevance.

Joint morbidity in haemophilia has traditionally been measured using clinical and radiological scores. There have been no reliable, validated tools for the assessment of functional independence in persons with haemophilia till recently. The Functional Independence Score in Haemophilia (FISH) has been developed as a performance based assessment tool...

Objective: This study aims at comparing high frequency ultr1asound (US) in the diagnosis of enthesopathy in patients with seronegative spondyloarthropathy (SSA) as compared to controls, to ascertain whether US adds objectivity to the diagnosis of enthesopathy. Methods: Consecutive patients who were diagnosed as having SSA were studied by high frequ...

Thirty-five patients (25 men and 10 women) with a median age of 20 years with severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) underwent HLA identical stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using a combination of fludarabine and cyclophosphamide +/- anti-thymocyte globulin between 2004 and 2006. Cyclosporine and mini methotrexate were used as GVHD prophylaxis. Graft source...

Assessment of impairment and function is essential in order to monitor joint status and evaluate therapeutic interventions in patients with haemophilia. The improvements in the treatment of haemophilia have required the development of more sensitive tools to detect the more minor dysfunctions that may now be apparent. This paper outlines some of th...

Organophosphorous poisoning is a common method of deliberate self-harm in countries where the pesticides are readily available and can result in type I, II and/or III paralysis. The in-hospital morbidity and mortality of the poisoning are mostly associated with type II paralysis (intermediate syndrome). The aim of this study was to determine the ro...

To derive a clinical algorithm for diagnosis of scrub typhus among patients hospitalized with febrile illness and to determine predictors of bad prognosis. Patients hospitalized with febrile illness of 5-30 days duration were evaluated for common aetiologies. Sera were tested for antibodies (IgM and IgG) to Orientia tsutsugamushi using ELISA kit. A...

Morbidity in haemophilia has been described predominantly in terms of musculoskeletal dysfunction and assessed by the clinical and radiological joint scores. These scores document changes in a particular joint, but do not reflect the impact of these changes on the individual in terms of his overall musculoskeletal function. Several self-assessment...

Severe haemophilia (factor [F]VIII/FIX activity < 0.01 IU mL(-1)) is characterized by repeated haemarthroses resulting in severe arthropathy in adulthood. In 1958, Professor Nilsson in Sweden introduced prophylactic infusions with clotting factor concentrates at regular intervals in order to maintain clotting factor levels above 0.01 IU mL(-1) and...

In vitro multiple shoot regeneration of Solanum nigrum L., an Indian medicinal plant was accomplished on MS medium utilizing shoot tip and nodal explants. Direct multiple shoots differentiated within 6 weeks when explants were cultured on MS medium containing BAP (1.0 – 5.0 mg/l) and KIN (1.0 – 5.0 mg/l) individually. Among various concentrations o...