Maman Turjaman

• PhD
• Professor at National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)

Efforts to integrate tree plantation development, peatland conservation and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal innovations are crucial for sustainable peatland management. During 2021–2024, Indonesia's Ministry of Forestry, the National Research and Innovation Agency, and Indah Kiat Pulp & Paper collaborated to research ways to restore degraded peatland...

Agarwood is a highly prized resinous wood produced by select members of the Thymelaeaceae plant family. Its formation in Aquilaria species has been expedited using various induction techniques, revealing insights into factors affecting the chemical constituents of artificially induced agarwood. Building on this, our research delved into the potenti...

The agarwood tree (Aquilaria sp.) is a tree that produces agarwood, which is a black resin that has a distinctive fragrant smell. In Indonesia, one that is commonly traded is sapwood agarwood. Agarwood sapwood is black or brownish-black wood obtained from the parts of the agarwood-producing tree containing a strong aromatic mastic. Based on the Ind...

The unique positioning of mangrove ecosystems between land and sea makes them vital in the nitrogen cycle. The role of nitrification in the nitrogen cycle is important to provide nitrogen compounds readily absorbed by mangrove plants. Nevertheless, the nitrification process and nitrifying bacteria in mangrove areas have yet to be comprehensively un...

The majority of tropical forest plants form associations with Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF). These symbiotic fungi play important roles in promoting the survivability of their host, improving their productivity, and increasing microbial biodiversity in the underground. In order to promote the survivability and the growth of two peatlands tree species...

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence CC BY 4.0. Revolutionizing tropical peatland restoration in Indonesia: the 4N approach The Center for Standardization of Disaster Resilience and Climate Change Instruments, Indonesia Ministry of Environment and Forestry, and the Mushroom Initiati...

The major drawback of managing peat swamp forest ecosystems in Indonesia for production and conservation purposes is the intricate natural characteristics of peat soils. Peat soils naturally have limited oxygen availability because of the high water table and low nutrient concentrations. This unfavorable condition always leads to poor or stunted gr...

What sets this book apart is its emphasis on eco-friendly technology as a cornerstone of peatland restoration efforts. Readers will delve into an array of innovative methods, from state-of-the-art remote sensing and monitoring techniques to the application of sustainable land management practices. Through these advancements, the restoration process...

The management of natural resources based on socio-economic and ecology development has led to a focus on the bioeconomy in the policy discourse of non-timber forest products (NTFPs). Honey is an important NTFP with high socio-economic value, and its production involves millions of Indonesians. This article reviews the current status of honey-produ...

Lukman, Dinarti D, Siregar UJ, Turjaman M, Sudarsono. 2023. Isolation and molecular identification of agarwood-inducing fungi and their virulence test using Aquilaria sp. seedlings. Biodiversitas 24: 140-148. Agarwood is a lump of fragrant resin with a dark color and distinctive aroma from secondary metabolite products that accumulate in wood fiber...

Lukman, Dinarti D, Siregar UJ, Turjaman M, Sudarsono. 2023. Isolation and molecular identification of agarwood-inducing fungi and their virulence test using Aquilaria sp. seedlings. Biodiversitas 24: 140-148. Agarwood is a lump of fragrant resin with a dark color and distinctive aroma from secondary metabolite products that accumulate in wood fiber...

Agarwood is a resinous wood of great economic value produced by trees from the Thymelaeaceae family in response to stress. The natural formation of agarwood can take decades after exposure to the stressors. Artificial agarwood induction by inoculating the stem with fungi has been successfully demonstrated, but resin accumulation occurs very slowly....

ITTO is an intergovernmental organization promoting the conservation, restoration and sustainable management, use and trade of tropical forest resources. Its members represent 80% of the world's tropical forests and 90% of the global trade in tropical timber and timber products. ITTO develops internationally agreed policy documents and guidelines t...

Most of the Indonesian agarwood in the international market is harvested from the wild, which raises concerns regarding its sustainability. The Government of Indonesia encourages agarwood cultivation produced from the cultivated Agarwood-Producing Tree (APT) to overcome this concern and replace natural agarwood. APT cultivation in Indonesia is not...

Benzoin resin, produced by the native Indonesian trees Styrax sumatrana and Styrax benzoin, has been incorporated into medical practices to treat wounds, erythema, and many other conditions for centuries. Endophytic fungi that reside within medicinal plants have antimicrobial, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibitory capacities, contributing to pl...

Lukman, Dinarti D, Siregar UJ, Turjaman M, Sudarsono. 2022. Characterization and identification of agarwood-producing plants (Aquilaria spp.) from North Aceh, Indonesia, based on morphological and molecular markers. Biodiversitas 23: 4861-4871. Agarwood is one of the non-timber export commodities important as raw materials for bioindustry. There ar...

Abiotic stress is a limiting factor for plant growth and development. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can reduce the negative effects of abiotic stress. This study aimed to determine the tolerance of Nauclea orientalis inoculated with mycorrhizae to drought and waterlogging stresses. This research was carried out at the Indonesian Mycorrhiz...

Mangroves are an important ecosystem that provides valuable social, economic, and environmental services. Indonesia has placed mangroves on its national priority agenda in an important effort to sustainably manage this ecosystem and achieve national climate commitments. However, mangrove management is faced with complex challenges encompassing soci...

Mangroves are an important ecosystem that provides valuable social, economic, and en- vironmental services. Indonesia has placed mangroves on its national priority agenda in an im- portant effort to sustainably manage this ecosystem and achieve national climate commitments. However, mangrove management is faced with complex challenges encompassing...

Mangroves are an important ecosystem that provides valuable social, economic, and environmental services. Indonesia has placed mangroves on its national priority agenda in an important effort to sustainably manage this ecosystem and achieve national climate commitments. However, mangrove management is faced with complex challenges encompassing soci...

Mangroves are an important ecosystem that provides valuable social, economic, and environmental services. Indonesia has placed mangroves on its national priority agenda in an important effort to sustainably manage this ecosystem and achieve national climate commitments. However, mangrove management is faced with complex challenges encompassing soci...

The agarwood-producing genera, Aquilaria and Gyrinops, have been treated as sister genera in Thymelaeaceae (Aquilarieae, Malvales). However, there are differing opinions about their taxonomic positions. Using new evidence from complete plastid genome (plastome) sequences of 12 Aquilaria spp. and seven Gyrinops spp., corresponding to more than half...

Gyrinops versteegii is a tropical, agarwood-producing tree. Agarwood is valued for its fragrant resin, which has resulted in over-harvesting of agarwood trees and their protection as endangered species. Agarwood is produced in response to physical, chemical, or biological stress, and considerable research has been devoted to identifying effective m...

Indonesia has the second-largest biodiversity of any country in the world. Deforestation and forest degradation have caused a range of environmental issues, including habitat degradation and loss of biodiversity, deterioration of water quality and quantity, air pollution, and increased greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate change. For...

Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) management can lead to various benefits for community livelihood and forest sustainability. However, such management has not been carried out optimally and sustainably in Indonesia, due to various limiting factors including ineffective policies, undeveloped cultivation technologies, and inadequate innovation in pr...

Tropical peatlands are fragile ecosystems with an important role in conserving biodiversity, water quality and availability, preventing floods, soil intrusion, erosion and sedimentation, and providing a livelihood for people. However, due to illegal logging, fire and conversion into other land use, the peatlands in Indonesia are under serious threa...

Styrax benzoin is a native tree to Indonesia, particularly in North Sumatra. This plant species produces benzoin resin, which is beneficial for medicinal treatments, hence its commercial value. Endophytic fungi help produce bioactive metabolites and contribute to resin production. However, the diversity of endophytic fungal species from S. benzoin...

Endophytic fungi (EPF) colonize plant roots and enhance their growth. The relationship between host plant and EPF can be affected by several factors, such as growth media, host species, and fungal species. The objective of this study was to clarify the effect of nutrient concentration in growth media on the relationship between host plant and root...

Citation: Pratiwi; Narendra, B.H.; Siregar, C.A.; Turjaman, M.; Hidayat, A.; Rachmat, H.H.; Mulyanto, B.; Suwardi; Iskandar; Maharani, R.; et al.

Wild edible mushroom is one of the non-timber forest products that is important to the forest ecosystems. Locally known as Kulat Siau, Hygrocybe conica is one of the wild-edible mushrooms from the peatland ecosystem. In this study, we conducted a survey with the community about the identification, foraging activity, utilization, and economic value...

Styrax sumatrana , native to Sumatra island, Indonesia, is distinctive for its production of benzoin resin. The resin is used for medicinal treatments and commercially valuable. Fungal endophytes are known to produce various bioactive metabolites and may contribute to host resin production or properties. However, the diversity of culturable endophy...

Agarwood forms in the heartwood of trees in the family Thymelaeaceae in response to wounding, infection, or other stresses. Its formation is random and takes decades in natural populations, which are harvested for their aromatic compounds. This harvest has led to declining population, and many agarwood producing trees are considered endangered. The...

Restoration of tropical peatland ecosystem (including swamps and forests) is a sustainable activity to rebuild, manage, and recover various aspects of the ecosystem components. Indigenous forest tree species and their communities are important components for the sustainability of nutrient cycle assisted by the important role of forest microbes. The...

An innovative culture system for tropical peatlands has been developed. AeroHydro culture is defined as plant cultivation at high ground water levels (GWLs) with supplements applied to the peatland surface. In peatland ecosystems, oxygen is usually the most serious limiting factor due to the very low levels of oxygen solubilization into water. Nutr...

Severe devastation of Indonesia’s tropical peatlands leading to hydrometeorological disasters such as droughts, peat fire, haze pollution, and floods should be restored in order to ensure sustainable development. Sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) paludiculture (high groundwater level and high peat moisture content) in peatlands can restore a degra...

Pidjath C, Sopandie D, Turjaman M, Budi SW. 2021. Morpho-physiological changes of four tropical tree seedlings under aluminum stress. Biodiversitas 22: 1211-1220. Phytotoxicity of aluminum due to acidic soil can cause a major threat to plant survival and health in the tropical region. Woody plant species are known to be well adapted to acidic soils...

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of native AM fungal inoculation on the growth of Gmelina arborea, Samanea saman, Falcataria moluccana, and Enterolobium cyclocarpum under nursery and post-opencast bauxite mining field conditions. Two native AM fungi, Rhizophagus clarus and Gigaspora decipiens, were inoculated into seeds...

In the last 30 years there have been increasing demand of agarwood. Unlimited hunting of agarwood causing it become threatened species. Aquilaria spp. is the main genus producing agarwood that considered as threathened species. Conserving Aquilaria spp. as germ plasm needs is essential against destruction. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have be...

Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese, known as Tusam or Sumatran pine, is the only pine that grows naturally in the south of the Equator with its natural distribution found in Indonesia, the Philippines, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. The Sumatran pine is an economically and ecologically important species in Indonesia that covers thre...

Opencast nickel mining is common in natural forests of Indonesia. However, rehabilitation of postmining degraded land is difficult. We investigated the effect of opencast nickel mining on soil chemical properties and the growth of two fast-growing tropical tree species, Falcataria moluccana and Albizia saman. Soil was collected from post-nickel min...

Abstract The "tasty" cuisine tends to use chemical flavour agent containing monosodium glutamate (M.S.G.). M.S.G. utilizations, in long-term, may cause health problems, especially triggering cancer cells. Therefore necessary to introducing and increasing a natural flavouring agent to eliminate those health problem, such as bekai leaf. Bekai (Pycnar...

The "tasty" cuisine tends to use chemical flavour agent containing monosodium glutamate (M.S.G.). M.S.G. utilizations, in long-term, may cause health problems, especially triggering cancer cells. Therefore necessary to introducing and increasing a natural flavouring agent to eliminate those health problem, such as bekai leaf. Bekai (Pycnarrhena tum...

Inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi into micropropagated Eucalyptus pellita and Acacia crassicarpa, that may have poor root structures, was conducted. The study aimed to investigate the effects of Acaulospora sp., Acaulospora tuberculata , Entrophospora sp., Gigaspora sp., and two different isolates of Glomus maculosum inoculations on...

Agarwood is a resinous wood produced by some members of plant family Thymelaeaceae under certain conditions. Agarwood is highly prized, but its formation requires a long-time process in nature. Therefore, various induction techniques have been explored to hasten the process. In this study, we induced agarwood in Gyrinops versteegii, one of the most...

The remediation of opencast bauxite mines in the natural forests of Indonesia is difficult. We have investigated and contrasted the chemical characteristics of soils from natural forests and mining sites and their effects on plant growth. The soil pH, total carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and available phosphorus (P) concentrations, cation exchange capaci...

Aims: To clarify chemical characteristic of gold mine tailings and its effect to the growth of two leguminous trees of Falcataria molucana and Albizia saman under greenhouse conditions. Study Design: Field samples collection, analyze their samples of forest soil and tailings from gold mining area and determined the effect to the plant growth of two...

Gyrinops versteegii is an endemic plant in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, which produce agarwood. In vitro anti-oxidant and anti-diabetes activities from several extracts of agarwood produced by G. versteegii were investigated. The 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical scavenging activity assay was used to determine the anti-oxidant activity,...

Oil extraction is one of the causes of soil contamination with the total petroleum hydrocarbons. The objective of this study was to clarify the effect of Asteraceae plants on the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon in contaminated soil. Initial soils with 40 and 90 g kg−1 of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) were prepared. There were three treatme...

Aluminum (Al) toxicity usually occurs in acidic soils with a pH of 5.5 or lower. Plants present different degrees of adaptation to al concentrations in the soil. Recent evidence indicates that different species have evolved different mechanisms to cope with this stress, and the understanding of this characteristic can lead to a viable option for th...

In Southeast Asia, primary tropical rainforests are usually dominated by ectomycorrhizal (ECM) trees belonging to Dipterocarpaceae, although arbuscular mycorrhizal trees often outcompete them after disturbances such as forest fires and clear-cutting, thus preventing dipterocarp regeneration. In some secondary tropical forests, however, potentially...

The restoration of peat swamp forests in Sumatra island has become Indonesian government’s priority to restore ecological functions and their utilization. Indigenous. However, little information is available on the status of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in Sumatera. The objective of this research was to know AM fungi colonization in indigenous...

Sari Tristaniopsis obovata (pelawan) bersimbiosis dengan fungi ektomikoriza yang menghasilkan tubuh buah fungi yang dapat dikonsumsi (edible mushroom) dan bunga pelawan sebagai sumber nektar untuk lebah hutan yang memproduksi madu pahit yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Permasalahan yang dihadapi saat ini adalah berkurangnya luasan hutan kerangas akiba...

Agarwood is a non-timber forest product found in tropical rain forests. It is a black and fragrant resin valued for the perfume industry and demand continues to increase. However, the Indonesian agarwood-producing species, Aquilaria malaccensis and Gyrinops versteegii do not automatically produce such quality resin. Bio-induction technology or inoc...

The huge diversity of Indonesian biological resources stands from the vast tropical rainforest to the invisible microbes. They work in harmony to keep system in balance condition. However, the beneficial function of the microbes will disappear when external disturbance, such as illegal logging, forest fires, conversion and exploitation occurred. As...

Development of jamblang (Syzygium cumini) as medicinal plant currently constrained by the aspects of cultivation technology (vegetative propagation), so the provision of medicinal plants for the mass scale was very difficult. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of five doses of growth regulator substance on growth of S. cumini...

Endophytic fungi (EPF) are an important contributor to fungal diversity. It is surmised that EPF colonizing plant roots have high diversity. This study aimed to alleviate the scarcity of information regarding EPF in tropical forests, by isolationg and identifying EPF from a tropical forests in Indonesia. Soils were collected from five forests: (1)...

The aim of this research is to determine the specific and non-specific parameter from ethanolic extract of A. microcarpa. Specific parameters such as the organoleptic properties, content of water and ethanol soluble compound, and chhromatogram profile of the extract. In contrast, the non-specific parameter includes drying losses, ash levels, microb...

Indonesia is home to several tree taxa that are harvested for agarwood. This highly valuable oleoresin ironically was the cause for some species to become vulnerable due to gluttonous human activity. However, information on the genetic diversity of these endangered trees is limited. In this study, 28 specimens representing eight species from two ge...

Kekayaan sumber daya Kehutanan Indonesia sangat beragam mulai dari tegakan hutan hujan tropis, binatang dan satwa liar, jasa lingkungan dan beragam jenis mikroba. Mereka memerankan fungsi yang saling bertautan untuk menyimbangkan kondisi lingkungan yang ideal. Beragam jenis pohon hutan dianggap sebagai pusat pembentuk sinergisme komunitas mikroba h...

The effects of media, pH and temperature on cellulase-complex enzyme produced by Pycnoporus sp. FORDACC-03452 and Phlebiopsis sp. FORDACC-02482 cultivated in rice bran and corn cobs media under solid state fermentation with pH 4–7 and temperature 30°C–45°C were investigated. Rice bran media showed a propensity to induce endo-β,1,4-glucanase and cel...

Incense-resinous wood of agarwood is a high-value non-timber forest product found in the trunk or branches of Aquliaria and Gyrinops species. Incense-resinous wood of agarwood is formed as a response to tree damage caused by wounding or fungal attack. Detection of such wood in trees has generally been carried out based on natural signs such as dark...

Since the first oil well drilled successfully in 1859, crude oil has been a serious problem around world, including Indonesia. As a source of all petroleum products, crude oil is very complex component and divided into aliphatic, aromatic, resin and asphaltene. Petroleum products have been used for daily life and created large amounts of pollutants...

Key message Agarwood formation inAquilaria malaccensis could be artificially stimulated by fungal infection. Furthermore, A. malaccensis adapts to this infection by developing typical included phloem boundary within xylem tissues. Abstract Naturally synthesized agarwood requires a lengthy process of up to 30 years, which impedes its continuous pro...

Indonesia has as a country that has a high diversity of agarwood-producing trees (APT) species compared to other countries in Asia. Unfortunately, the populations of APT species have declined significantly. The purpose of this study was to record and maps the agarwood-planted trees in Indonesia as a baseline for future management of this species. T...

In this present study, we investigate quantitatively some phytochemical compound from the aqueous extracts of leaves of Kapung (Oroxylum indicum). The phytochemical compound that we investigated in this study is flavonoid, steroid, tannin, alkaloid, and saponin. The leaves of Oroxylum indicum were obtained from five different places in Sumatra Isla...

In consideration of the sustainability of agarwood production and its plants, besides resin of agarwood infected, others alternatives are use for agarwood derivative products i.e., agarwood leaves for pharmaceutical industries. The present study aimed to utilized agarwood leaves as a supplementation for anti-browning in apple juice. Here is also ev...

Gemor (Nothaphoebe coriacea) is one of non timber forest product’s (NTFPs) tree in peat swamp forest Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is well known that some parts of these plants have several medical benefits and contain some phytochemical constituents. The medical benefits and phytochemical constituents may be related to antioxidant and anti-lip...

Agarwood plays an important role in gaining foreign exchange and as a source of income for people living in, around, and inside the forest of Indonesia. Its production has declined rapidly due to the lack of proven technology for its induction. If no serious action is taken now, agarwood production will not be sustainable in the future. Agarwood fo...

Peatland forest areas have been decreasing due to conversion of forests into farm land, the use of shifting cultivation on a large scale, illegal logging, opencast mining, and forest fires. Numerous studies of tropical forests have indicated that many native tree species were colonized by the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fun...

Gaharu or agarwood or oudh is a fragrant and highly valuable nontimber forest product obtained from several species of trees that produce it in response to wounding or fungal attack. The aims of the study were to evaluate the sound wave velocity change from green to dry conditions in agarwood and tomographic images associated with changes in the mo...

Fungal endophytes are fungi that lives within plant tissues without causing apparent disease. It is also suggested that these fungi have ability to enhance plant growth and plant resistancy against pest and disease. This research is a preliminary study about root fungal endophytes in dipterocarp since there are lack research concerning about this s...

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of AM colonization of roots of Aloe vera on nutrient uptake and growth in peat soil.

Agarwood or gaharu is a valuable non-timber forest product that has unique aroma and is widely used in many cultures and industries. It develops as a result of fungal infection, injury and non-pathological processes in several genera of trees from the family Thymelaeaceae, including Aquilaria. The presence of agarwood can be determined using non-de...

Tropical forests have been decreasing worldwide owing to illegal logging, fire, and conversion into agricultural lands. Numerous studies of tropical forest mycorrhizas have indicated the dominance of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi. The diversity of AM fungal is generally higher in tropical forests than other forests. Colonization by AM fungi has...

Root fungal endophyte were isolated from seedling of Meranti Tembaga (Shorea leprosula Miq.) taken from Dramaga experimental Forest, Bogor with five difference surface sterilization methods. Recommended surface sterilization to isolate root fungal endophyte was performed by following immersion process : 96% ethanol for 1 min, 20% H 2 O 2 for 3 min,...

Tropical peat swamp forests (TPSF) are being rapidly deforested, leading to disturbed hydrology, wildfires and carbon loss. Cost-effective methods are needed to increase the scale of restoration activities. One method is to inoculate seedlings with their corresponding mycorrhizae species, thereby increasing performance during nursery cultivation, a...

Bahan baku yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kulit kayu mangium yang disterilkan dan tidak disterilkan ditambah aktivator kemudian dikomposkan selama 30 hari. Kompos kulit kayu mangium tersebut digunakan sebagai media tanam cendawan mikoriza dan bibit Acacia mangium . Tingkat degradasi kompos dievaluasi berdasarkan perubahan kandungan karb...

Sistem pertambangan di Indonesia menerapkan teknik penambangan permukaan ( surface mining ), sehingga akibat yang ditimbulkan adalah perubahan lansekap, permukaan tanah, hilangnya lapisan atas tanah serta berubahnya habitat flora dan fauna. Perubahan ini menyebabkan sistem hidrologi dan kestabilan lansekap berubah. Apabila lahan bekas tambang ini t...