Makoto Matsuo

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• Ph.D.
• Professor at Aoyama Gakuin University

Although individual unlearning is believed to play a critical role in promoting higher-order learning, there has been little quantitative research on this process. This article aimed to investigate the antecedents and consequences of individual unlearning based on transformative learning theory. A survey was conducted among 301 employees working in...

The six‐phase model of cognitive apprenticeship (modelling, coaching, scaffolding, articulation, reflection and exploration) has been recognized as a useful and effective instructional method in educational research; however, only a few studies have investigated the structural relationships among the six phases at work. This study aimed to qualitat...

This study examines how middle managers support their employees' strengths use via three sequential analyses. In Study 1, an open‐ended questionnaire survey of high‐performing middle managers at a global manufacturer in Japan (n = 144) was conducted to collect comments on strengths use support (SUS). The grounded theory approach was used to generat...

Although strengths use has been found to promote employee wellbeing and performance, only a limited range of research has investigated its personal antecedents. Based on positive psychology, the present study examined the roles of mindfulness and perceived supervisor support in enhancing strengths use and work engagement. The study focused on two t...

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://orcid.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01850-0

Employability and proactivity are believed to be key factors for survival in uncertain and unpredictable environments. Despite the related importance of continuous learning, little is known how learning-related factors enhance employability and proactivity. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of reflection in enhancing perceived emplo...

To survive in a competitive and turbulent environment, not only organizations but also individuals have to “unlearn” because organizational unlearning is often triggered by individuals (Akgün et al. in J Organ Change Manag 20(6):794–812, 2007; Becker in J Organ Change Manag 23(3):251–268, 2010; Fernandez et al. in New research on knowledge manageme...

The goals of this chapter are to confirm the mediating effect of critical reflection on the relationship between reflection and individual unlearning, and to examine the effect of individual unlearning on work engagement.

The main goal of this chapter is to investigate the influence of managers’ exploration activities on the learning goal orientation, reflection, and unlearning of team members.

As successful experiences accumulate over the years, organizations emphasize efficiency, grow complacent, and learn too little (Nystrom and Starbuck in Organ Dyn (Spring):53–65, 1984; Starbuck in Learn Organ 24(1):30–38, 2017). As (Drucker in The effective executive. Harper & Row, New York, 1967) suggested, successful organizations are prone to rei...

The goal of this chapter is to examine the antecedents of individual unlearning in terms of goal orientation and reflective activities.

The goal of this chapter is to qualitatively investigate the managerial unlearning process during promotion from senior manager to executive officer, based on the upper echelons perspective and leadership pipeline model, using interview data from 46 executive officers.

Purpose A community of practice (CoP) is believed to be a driver for knowledge creation but it can hinder knowledge sharing across boundaries. Drawing on social cognitive theory, this study aims to investigate how a CoP within a single unit promotes knowledge sharing with other units by examining the mediating effect of the members’ learning goals...

Personal growth initiative (PGI), i.e., self‐change skills, is necessary for employees to adapt to changing environments, but research examining the antecedents of PGI in an organizational context is limited. The present research investigated the antecedents of PGI in the workplace. Using a two‐wave questionnaire survey, data were collected from 20...

Although reflection is believed to play a key role in promoting learning and performance, few studies have examined its effects on success and failure on well-being and positive behavioral outcomes. Thus, this study aims to explore the influence of reflection on success and failure on proactive behavior mediated through work authenticity, using a t...

Purpose Although middle managers play important roles in forming strategies and generating innovation, few studies have explored the influence of management control systems (MCS) on employees’ behaviors or performance at the middle-management level. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect an interactive use of MCS has on individual perfo...

Creativity has emerged as a key topic in human resource development (HRD) research. Although psychological empowerment has been considered the link between goal orientation or task characteristics and employee creativity, there is a lack of comprehensive research on this relationship. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of psychologic...

Purpose Although positive psychology emphasizes the importance of reflecting on success in promoting strengths use and self-efficacy, no research has developed a measure of reflection on success. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate the scales for reflection on success and failures. Design/methodology/approach Study 1 was conducted...

Cognitive apprenticeship has been widely recognized as an instructional model for developing higher-order cognitive skills. This article reviewed the literature on cognitive apprenticeship to apply this instructional model to the fields of management education and workplace learning. First, the characteristics of cognitive apprenticeship were descr...

Purpose Although cognitive apprenticeship has been widely used in various educational fields, few empirical studies have examined its effectiveness in a workplace context. This study aims to investigate the effects of cognitive apprenticeship on junior doctors’ perceived professional growth in hospitals. Design/methodology/approach A retrospective...

Although Kolb’s experiential learning model has been widely used and remains among the most influential frameworks in the fields of human resource development, management education and higher education, it has been criticized for failing to propose a second‐order learning process. The purpose of this study was to revise Kolb’s model by addressing i...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the direct and indirect effects of managerial coaching on critical reflection mediated through learning goal orientation. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a questionnaire survey of 169 employees in 53 teams at an IT firm in Japan. The data were examined using multi-level analyses...

Drawing on positive psychology and self‐determination theories, this study investigates the direct and indirect effects of empowering leadership on meaningful work of employees, particularly through the mediation of learning goal orientation. Longitudinal survey data of 388 employees in medical institutions were used to test the hypotheses. The res...

Previous research has mainly investigated the influence of the work context rather than personal factors on psychological empowerment. Building on the framework of self-determination theory, this study examined the mediating role of personal growth initiative (i.e., self-improvement skills) in linking learning goal orientation and developmental job...

Although considerable research has explored the antecedents of psychological empowerment, few studies have examined the combined effects of personal factors and task characteristics. Building on self‐determination theory, this study examines the relative and interactive effects of developmental job experience, learning goal orientation and authenti...

Previous research has investigated the effects of socio‐organizational factors on psychological empowerment (PE), whereas only a limited number of studies have examined the influence of individual characteristics on PE. Drawing on self‐determination theory and social capital theory, this study hypothesized that personal growth initiative (PGI), a s...

The primary goal of this study was to examine the moderating effect of experiences on the relationship between social influence and innovation resistance. Multi-group structural equation modeling was performed to test the model, which used survey data on Japanese consumers’ use of internet banking services. The results revealed that social influenc...

Purpose Although unlearning is considered an essential step for creativity, little is known about the relationship between team unlearning and employee creativity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of individual reflection between team unlearning and employee creativity. Design/methodology/approach The research mode...

The purpose of this study was to examine ways to promote learning, based on four empirical studies of salespeople and sales departments in Japan. First, analyses of survey data of 192 real estate salespeople indicated that customer- and goal achievement-oriented sales beliefs enhanced experiential learning at work. Second, analyses of data of 193 s...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the mechanism by which learning goal orientation (LGO) promotes work engagement through job crafting (seeking challenges). Design/methodology/approach A moderated mediation model was tested using survey data from 266 public health nurses and hospital nurses in Japan. Findings The results indicate...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of team and individual reflexivity in linking managerial coaching with individual learning. Design/methodology/approach Data obtained from 506 individuals in 98 engineering teams in the automobile and electronic industries were used to investigate specific hypotheses. Findings The...

Although individual unlearning is significant for personal growth and development, few studies have investigated this process quantitatively. The main goal of this study was to examine the antecedents of individual unlearning in terms of goal orientations and reflective activities using survey data from 271 employees of Japanese organizations (incl...

The main goal of this study was to investigate the effects of managers’ exploration activities on learning orientation, reflection, and unlearning of team members. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 115 employees in 23 teams from a Japanese pharmaceutical company. The results of multi-level analyses suggest that managers’ exploration activi...

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of managerial coaching, as well as interactive and diagnostic uses of management control systems (MCS), on reflection and critical reflection, which are important for team learning. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using a questionnaire survey. Hierarchical regression...

Although the abilities of executive officers to unlearn may have a significant impact on organizational unlearning, few studies have investigated the individual unlearning transition. The goal of this study was to examine the managerial unlearning process upon promotion from senior manager to executive officer, based on the upper echelons perspecti...

Purpose Although the relationship between leadership behaviors and team reflexivity has been investigated in prior research, little is known about the dimensions of reflective leadership or leadership behaviors that facilitate reflection in a group or organization. This paper aims to examine the interrelated characteristics of reflective leadership...

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to examine how human resource development (HRD) programs promote the linkage between knowledge transfer and knowledge creation in engineering departments. Design/methodology/approach – This study adopted a case study approach to the Toyota Technical Development Corporation (TTDC), an affiliated company of To...

Although learning from experience is recognized as important for the development of managers, there is no systematic model regarding how to facilitate experiential learning. This study was designed to develop a theoretical framework for the ability to learn from experience. Drawing on the literature, I have developed a model in which five facilitat...

Although work experiences are recognized as important mechanisms for developing leaders in organizations, existing research has focused primarily on work assignments rather than on human resource development (HRD) systems that promote experiential learning of managers. The primary goal of this study was to develop an HRD model for facilitating expe...

I examined managers’ leadership skills for enhancing subordinates’ ability to learn from experience. Using data from an open-ended questionnaire given to middle managers (n¼51) at a Japanese manufacturer, I found that excellent managers with capabilities to develop their subordinates have the following leadership skills: They (1) help subordinates...

Despite the effectiveness of on-the-job training (OJT), few systematic empirical studies have been conducted on how OJT trainers instruct trainees in firms. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the trainer's instructional skills for OJT using survey data collected from 715 employees covering 22 firms. Results ind...

Purpose: The primary goal was to identify organizational conditions for developing a learning-oriented behavioral control system, an issue that has been neglected in previous studies. Design/Methodology/Approach: The authors conducted a case study of Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim (NBI). Findings: We found that a behavior-based sales management contro...

There has been an argument over whether customer orientation enhances innovation; moreover, the customer orientation/innovation mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated how customer orientation influences innovativeness through three types of conflict using a sample of 193 sales departments in Japanese firms. A structural equation modelin...

In the present article, we examined the effects of the plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle and on-the-job-training (OJT) on workplace learning. We defined workplace learning based on the concept of an organizational learning cycle. Using survey data froma Japanese fire andmarine insurance company, we found that PDCA, OJT (empowerment), and reflective co...

Purpose: The primary goal was to identify organizational conditions for developing a learning-oriented behavioral control system, an issue that has been neglected in previous studies. Design/Methodology/Approach: The authors conducted a case study of Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim (NBI). Findings:We found that a behavior-based sales management control...

Although the role of leadership has been emphasized in facilitating learning in the workplace, there is limited systematic research directly linked to leadership and learning. This study investigated the characteristics of leadership behaviors that facilitate workplace learning, using data from a survey of 228 nursing managers in 22 hospitals. Resu...

The purposes of this research were to examine developmental experience at different career stages and to clarify the role of sales beliefs in promoting experiential learning of salespeople. By applying the theoretical framework of expertise research and cognitive psychology, data from Japanese real estate salespeople were analyzed. Results suggest...

This study examines the infl uence of sales management control (outcome based, behavior based, and knowledge based) on the innovativeness of sales departments. Using data from Japanese sales departments, the results indicate that sales departments tend to be innovative when salespeople are evaluated based on their behavior and knowledge rather than...

Grounded in the Experiential Learning Theory and expertise research, this study examines the processes of experience-based learning, i.e., acquisition of skills and knowledge from direct experience, at different career stages of different types of IT professionals. A qualitative research method was used to compile a series of case studies on the ba...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how business professionals learn both through sharing knowledge with others, and from their own direct experience. Design/methodology/approach There are two contrasting approaches to knowledge management. One suggests that knowledge should be disseminated efficiently through the use of information te...

Successful sales practices were experimentally examined by focusing on the interactions of salesperson with a client. Twenty superior and average salespeople watched a training video and indicated what they would have done in unsuccessful scenes. We found that successful practices strengthen the process whereby the client and salesperson collaborat...

The authors investigated the moderating effect of sales experience on the relationship between salespeople’s procedural knowledge and their performance, using a sample of 108 salespeople working at three car dealerships in Japan. Moderated regression analyses suggested that the more experience salespeople gain, the stronger the relationship between...

This paper explores how creative conflict is generated in an organization. Using data collected from sales departments of 206 firms in Japan, the antecedents and consequences of three types of conflict were examined. The findings suggest that (1) an innovative department tends to have more task conflict and less process conflict, (2) customer orien...

Past research indicates that choice of a performance-depressing drug as a self-handicapping behavior occurs only when the behavior is known to others. This study examined two other types of self-handicapping, effort reduction and choice of a difficult task. It was hypothesized that previous experience of failure and exposure of choices and conseque...

抄録 This study examines the relationship between internal service behavior to subordinates and each of four components of job satisfaction based on the managers (n =267) derived from the two service organaizations. Covariance Structure Analysis was used to evaluate causal models which involved relationships among internal service behavior, four comp...

Although prior research on experiential learning has focused on identifying developmental experience, it has paid little attention to the effect of career stage and ability to learn from experience. The purposes of this research were to examine developmental experience at different career stages and to clarify the role of work-related beliefs in pr...

This study investigated difference with expertise in the relation between the intentions and situational behavior of the initial meeting with a new customer in personal selling. Three kinds of mental resource that influence on the intention and situational behavior was hypothesized. They were a) organizational policy of selling, b) action goal and...