Makan Sadr

Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences · Virology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD)

Background Tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant public health challenge, particularly because it can exist in an asymptomatic latent phase. Latent TB infection indicates the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis without clinical symptoms. Effectively distinguishing between active and latent TB is essential, especially in regions with high TB prev...

Smoking is a significant contributing factor to the development of many complex diseases. One of the most important stimuli for aging in the human body is constant exposure to environmental factors such as cigarette smoke. Free radicals in cigarette smoke cause reactive oxygen species production at the cellular level and induce inflammatory respons...

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions globally, and still continues to do so. Regarding the cardiovascular influences of COVID-19, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between cardiac indices, particularly cardiac output (CO), and severity of disease. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted on intubated C...

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern and kills millions of people every year. While TB can affect any organ in the body, breast TB is relatively uncommon. This study presents a comprehensive review of literature spanning 23 years, with a focus on cases of breast TB in Iran. Among the 96 cases found, the majority (89.6%) fel...

Background Rhinoviruses are known as the leading pathogens of respiratory diseases. Determining the prevalence and phylogeny of rhinoviruses plays a pivotal role in producing vaccines and medications and preventing virus complications. This study investigated the frequency, and genetic variation of rhinoviruses detected in patients referred to Masi...

Objectives: Various SARS-CoV-2 vaccines with different platforms have been administered worldwide; however, their effectiveness in critical cases of COVID-19 has remained a concern. Methods: In this national cohort study, 24,016 ICU COVID-19 admissions were included from January to April 2022. The mortality and length of ICU-stay were compared b...

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a lifestyle-related chronic inflammatory pulmonary disease and a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence and associated factors of osteopenia and osteoporosis in COPD patients. Methods:A total of 91 COPD patients were recruited from Octob...

Background: This study aimed to investigate the etiology and contributing factors of cavitary pulmonary lesions in HIV infected patients. Methods: In this study, 844 HIV infected patients with a total of 1000 admissions were investigated at Masih Daneshvari Hospital from Aug 2010 to Oct 2019. After excluding the missing data and distorted documenta...

The correlation between tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer (LC) in diagnosis, epidemiology, and treatment is still unclear. Based on different cohort and retrospective studies, this correlation could be justified by immune weakness because of exposure to TB which may increase the risk of LC. In this study, we tried to exhibit a prominent connection...

We aimed to review the literature to introduce some effective plant-derived antioxidants to prevent and treat COVID-19. Natural products from plants are excellent sources to be used for such discoveries. Among different plant-derived bioactive substances, components including luteolin, quercetin, glycyrrhizin, andrographolide, patchouli alcohol, ba...

An outbreak of pneumonia caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is called COVID-19 and has led to a pandemic worldwide. It is reasonable to investigate and control factors affecting disease severity and mortality. The relation between vitamin D and viral pneumonia has been previously reported. Vitamin D d...

Introduction: Persistent infection with one of the most high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus causes all cases of cervical cancer and a significant proportion of other genital cancers. The HPV virus, unlike any other infection that leads to cancer, is transmitted only through sexual intercourse and is less affected by the general changes and...

Background: The world is currently struggling with the COVID-19pandemic. Measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic have affected other health problems and diseases, including tuberculosis (TB) and its control. The present narrative review aimed at reviewing published literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on TB control. Materials and m...

Persian medicine introduces six essential principles to maintain health and improve the breathing of the patients with pulmonary diseases. Adherence to each of these principles plays an important role in having healthy lungs. The purpose of this study was to review the scientific evidence of the mentioned recommendations while discussing the Persia...

AimTo validate a questionnaire to assess stress and burnout in healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic.Subjects and methodsIn this study, content validity, Cronbach’s alpha, and test–retest reliability method were utilized among 60 HCWs to evaluate the validity, internal consistency, and reliability of the questionnaire respectively. The final...

Background: Sarcoidosis is a multifactorial immune disorder with an uncertain origin. A single nucleotide polymorphism (G→A, rs2076530) in the butyrophilin-like 2 (BTNL2) gene results in the formation of truncating protein. This study aimed to genotype the predisposition of the BTNL2 rs2076530 polymorphism in Iranian patients with sarcoidosis usin...

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains an infectious disease with a high prevalence worldwide and represents a major public health concern. It is known that TB causes a hyper-coagulable state due to its infective nature. Thus, patients are prone to higher incidence rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in comparison with the general population. Alt...

Background: Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) is one of the most important and valuable markers in cardiovascular disease, measured by right heart catheterization (RHC) as the gold standard diagnostic modality. However, due to several limitations, such as invasiveness, lack of repeatability, and high health costs, echocardiographic estimation of PAP...

Primary sarcomas of the lung represent less than 0.5% of all primary lung tumors and comprise a heterogeneous group of malignancies including synovial sarcoma (SS). Primary pleuropulmonary SS has non-specific presentations, such as chest pain, shortness of breath and cough, and its associated imaging features resemble those of other intrathoracic m...

History of anatomy is as long as the history of medicine itself. Development of this basic science was not possible without the dedicative effort of those physicians and scholars who were committed to discover the mysteries of human anatomy. In this regard, Iranian scholars played an important role in the development of the anatomical sciences desp...

Background and Objective: The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of insomnia and its related factors among elderly population of Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data were collected by a three-part questionnaire. The first part included demographic information; the second part co...

Considering the increasing prevalence and burden of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease and false-negative results in routine reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests, additional diagnostic methods are needed to diagnose active cases of this disease. This prospective study was conducted on patients, in whom clinical an...

COVID-19 leads to mild symptoms within the majority of infected patients but can cause severe multiple organ failure and death. There is only limited information regarding the consequences of this new emerging infection with congenital disorders. According to the previous studies, many people with Down syndrome is considered high risk for complicat...

Background: Accelerated aging and telomere shortening have been studied in many chronic diseases such as interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Different studies have shown that patients with these diseases have shorter telomere lengths than controls; this can be a marker of the progression and outcome of the di...

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of BAE in TB patient with massive hemoptysis and evaluate the recurrence rate of hemoptysis after BAE. Materials and methods: In this prospective study, 68 patients with moderate and severe hemoptysis due to active or old tuberculosis who underwent bronchial arteriography were...

Aims and objectives Due to the growing burden of coronavirus 2019 and considerable rate of RT-PCR false-negative results, a complementary diagnostic tool is necessary for the detection of active cases. Methods This study was performed in Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran, Iran, among admitted symptomatic cases clinically and radiologically suspect...

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) or hydatid disease is a zoonosis caused by ingestion of the eggs of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. Larger cysts can cause symptoms by compressing surrounding tissues. Large cysts can also rupture and cause sudden onset of cough, fever, hypersensitivity reactions, and massive hemoptysis. We report a case of hydatid...

Background: Inflammatory mediators are an important component in the pathophysiology of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to assess the effects of reducing inflammatory mediators using hemoperfusion (HP) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on the mortality of patients with COVID-19. Materials and methods: Twel...

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are the largest group of positive-sense RNA viruses. By increasing our understanding of the interactions between CoVs and the host innate immune system, we can evaluate the development and persistence of inflammation in the lungs and reduce the risk of CoV-induced lung inflammation with a new group of genetic variants. Here, we...

Introduction: There is an association between the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and aggressive tumor growth in multiple forms of cancer,including adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). ACCs are uncommon yet a malignant form of neoplasms that arises within the secretory glands. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investi...

Aim: The study aimed to find the best reading time for the best accuracy of RUT in optimal time to obtain faster results with lower false rates and consequently save time in commencing treatment of peptic ulcers. Background: Rapid urease test is well known to be an accurate test for H.pylori detection in tissue biopsies. Methods: Patients with...

Background: Melatonin as an antioxidant agent can have an effective role in lung development. In this study, the effect of melatonin administration on lung injury in the neonate mice was assessed. Materials and methods: Lung injury was induced by two injections of 15 mg/kg methylazoxymethanol (MAM) on gestational day 15 (E15). Pregnant BALB/c mi...

Background: Sleep complaints are common problems in the general population and insomnia and sleep disorders place significant economic and social burdens on the community. Postmenopausal women are 2.6 to 3.5 times more likely to develop obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) compared to non-menopausal women. In this study, we evaluated sleep disorders and...

Aim: This study was performed to evaluate the potential efficacy of silymarin in the management of anti-tuberculosis medication's induced liver injury. Background: Hepatic toxicity is the most serious complication in treatment of tuberculosis. Methods: In a randomized double blind clinical trial (ACTRN12610000643077), 55 cases with hepatotoxic...

Background: Massive hemoptysis is a potentially life threatening medical condition and one major problem for both patients and physicians. Choosing the appropriate treatment for the patients is crucial in order to decrease the complications and increase the success rate. Hence, in this study the outcomes and complications of bronchial angioemboliz...

Background: The prognostic role of the electrocardiogram (ECG) in PH is not fully known. We aimed to evaluate ECG abnormalities in severe PH, the association of ECG patterns with known prognostic factors and to determine whether ECG abnormalities were associated with decreased survival in patients with severe PH. Materials and methods: Fifty-two...

Background: Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous inflammatory disorder with unknown etiology and its relation with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) has been debated for years. In this study, we have investigated the presence of mycobacterial DNA in sarcoidosis tissue samples. Methods: Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) tissues of 33 pati...

Background: Melatonin, which is an antioxidant and neuroprotective agent, can be an effective treatment for neurological disorders. We assessed the effect of melatonin administration on histological changes, antioxidant enzyme levels, and behavioral changes in a neonate mouse model of cortical malformation. Materials and methods: Cortical malfor...

Background Right heart catheterization is the gold standard test for diagnosis and clinical assessment of the patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). In recent years, the usefulness of cheaper and non-invasive tests in the follow-up of PH patients is being studied. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between serum uric...

Background Tobacco use is one of the leading causes of preventable deaths in the world. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of all common types of tobacco use and identify factors associated with tobacco use among adults in Tehran based on information from the population-based Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study in Tehran. M...

Statement of the Problem Various researchers have suggested the use of β2-adrenergic receptor antagonists in prevention or treatment of bone resorption. Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the effect of β2-adrenergic receptor antagonists on number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts involved in the healing of extraction socket of maxillary first molar...

Background Neuraminidase (NA) is one of the surface proteins of influenza A virus, which plays an important role in immunization against influenza infection and is recognized as an important therapeutic target. Genetic and antigenic changes and substitutions can influence the efficacy of vaccine and change viral sensitivity to NA inhibitors (NAIs)....

Objective/background: The histological diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has long been a diagnostic challenge in the anatomical pathology field despite availability of different laboratory methods. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) could not only confirm granulomatous tissue involvement but also demonstrate MTB antigen immunolocalization. Thi...

Background: Hookah, as a popular practice among adults, was first introduced by the Asian countries; however, it is now increasing worldwide. Although several clinical or experimental studies on waterpipe (WP) tobacco smoking highlights that this addictive behavior causes some devastating diseases such as lung cancer and respiratory diseases, furth...

Background: Sarcoidosis is a multifactorial immune disorder with uncertain origin. A single nucleotide polymorphism (G→A, rs2076530) in the butyrophilin-like 2 (BTNL2) gene results in formation of truncating protein. This study aimed to genotype predisposition of the BTNL2 rs2076530 polymorphism in Iranian patients with sarcoidosis. Materials and M...

Background Asthma, involving 5–10% of global population, has a heterogeneous distribution in the community regardless of age and its prevalence and incidence tend to grow worldwide as reported by many recent epidemiologic surveys. Materials and Methods The present study aimed to survey the prevalence of asthma symptoms in Tehran as the first attem...

Background Nitric oxide (NO) as a signaling molecule plays a predominant role in different physiological and pathological processes in a variety of organs such as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is produced from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which in turn is inhibited by L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Objectives This st...

Background Lung biopsy through the airways by using a flexible bronchoscope (transbronchial lung biopsy: TBLB) is a suitable method for obtaining tissue specimens. This study aimed at evaluating the factors influencing TBLB results in order to increase the diagnostic power of this method. Materials and Methods This was a prospective double blind o...

Background: Anomalous left brachiocephalic vein (ALBCV) is a rare and less known systemic venous anomaly. Infrequently, this vein takes an abnormal course and passes to the right behind or beneath the aortic arch to create the superior vena cava (SVC). Its incidence was reported much higher in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) especiall...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation that is not completely reversible by administration of inhaled bronchodilators. Many studies propose that telomere length shortening might have occurred in COPD patients. We aimed to determine the telomere length in COPD patients and compare the results of non-smoki...

Objective: Aminoglycosides comprisea family of antibiotics which are used frequently to treat gram- negative bacterial infections. Among them gentamicin is the most common choice for treatment of urinary tract infections. The present study aimed to investigate histological and histomorphometrical changes induced by gentamicin administration during...

Despite many prospective and retrospective studies about the association of dietary habit and lung cancer, the topic still remains controversial. So, this study aims to investigate the association of lung cancer with dietary factors. In this study 242 lung cancer patients and their 484 matched controls on age, sex, and place of residence were enrol...

Introduction: Cephalometry is an efficient tool for anthropometric studies. This study sought to assess facial dimensions and types of adults residing in Qazvin (Iran) and Dera Ghazi (DG) Khan (Pakistan). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 300 ethnic populations of Qazvin and 365 ethnic populations of DG Khan aged between 18-55 year...

Introduction: Cephalometry is an efficient tool for anthropometric studies. This study sought to assess facial dimensions and types of adults residing in Qazvin (Iran) and Dera Ghazi (DG) Khan (Pakistan). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 300 ethnic populations of Qazvin and 365 ethnic populations of DG Khan aged between 18-55 year...

Purpose. The histological diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) remains a diagnostic challenge despite different methods. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) not only could confirm granulomatous tissue involvement but also can demonstrate MTB antigen immunolocalization. This study tries to clarify the details of immunohistochemical staining for MTB...

Background: Alcea sulphurea (A.S) with various drug effects, especially on mucociliary system as dilutor drug and sputum collection is known. Objective: This study examined the comparative effects of A.S and Bromhexine HCL (B.H) on mucociliary system chicken trachea. Methods: In this experimental study 30 Leghorn chickens were randomly divided into...

Many factors affect tobacco quit rate. In this study we investigated the abstinence rate after 5 years based on the age of smoking initiation. This pre-post field trial study was conducted on 398 smokers who participated voluntarily in a smoking cessation clinic in 2005. They were followed for 5 years and their success or failure in continuous abst...

To better understand the characteristic morphology of angiogenic squamous dysplasia (ASD) and its association with different types of common bronchogenic carcinomas using routine white light bronchoscopy. Using a case-control design, 186 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of bronchial tissue (136 cases, 50 controls) obtained from patients who...

This study was to determine common methods to treat addiction used by patients checked into Outpatient Treatment and Rehabilitation Clinics in Tehran. The study was conducted in Social Security affiliated outpatient clinics including three governmental and several private centers in 22 districts of Tehran. Demographic data, personal information, so...

Background In previous decades several studies have been performed demonstrating that providing appropriate nutritional support to intensive care unit patients affects complications, time of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, and risk of death. In this study we provided a report of nutrition statuses in Masih Daneshvari's ICU as compared t...

Orientation of the occlusal plane is one of the most important clinical procedures in prostho-dontic rehabilitation of edentulous patients. The aim of this study was to define the best posterior reference point of ala-tragus line for orientation of occlusal plane for complete denture fabrication. Fifty-three dental students (27 females and 26 males...

To determine the role of digital photoplethysmography in screening asymptomatic patients who are susceptible for developing deep vein thrombosis. Three hundred and thirty-seven limbs in 169 patients who were high risk for development of deep vein thrombosis were assessed by ultrasonography digital photoplethysmography and the results were compared....

Background: Respiratory tract mucus plugging and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) colonization in cystic fibrosis patients can influence the health indices, morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to evaluate the relation between pulmonary infection with PA and its effects on respiratory function test and some health-related parameters. Materials and Metho...

Background: Transthoracic CT-guided percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has become a well-established diagnostic technique and been useful in differentiating malignant and benign pulmonary lesions. Materials and Methods: 505 patients (311 men and 194 women) aged 7-90 years old (mean age 56.2 years) with pulmonary lesions underwent CT-...

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a disease of unknown etiology that presents in three forms: Letterer-Siwe disease, Hand-Schuller-Christian disease, and Eosinophilic Granuloma. It is a multifocal disease that usually affects several organs and unifocal forms are rare. Pulmonary involvement occurs in approximately 40% of cases and almost alway...