Mahsa Mayeli

• Doctor of Medicine
• Postdoctoral research fellow at Yale University

Background Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) is a key protein involved in neuronal growth and synaptic plasticity. Alterations in GAP-43 levels have been associated with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), potentially reflecting synaptic dysfunction. We evaluated the potential of GAP-43 as a biomarker for AD and explored its association with amyloid-beta...

Background and Aims Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a widespread neurodegenerative condition that has a growing impact on a global scale. This study aims to examine the relationship between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the synaptic biomarker growth‐associated protein 43 (GAP‐43) through the utilization of arterial spin labeling (ASL). The research ide...

Objective Parkinson's Disease (PD) manifests with both motor and non-motor symptoms, with non-motor symptoms often appearing first. The link between non-motor symptoms, particularly depression, and olfactory dysfunction, and substantia nigra (SN) subregions has been studied less. By utilizing Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we investigated the asso...

Background: Decades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and cause-specific death rates in different European countries related to changes in life expectancy in those countries before and...

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with rising prevalence due to the aging global population. Existing methods for diagnosing AD are struggling to detect the condition in its earliest and most treatable stages. One early indicator of AD is a substantial decrease in the brain’s glucose metabolism. Metabolo...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder ranging from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD dementia. Abnormal cerebral perfusion alterations, influenced by amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulations, have been implicated in cognitive decline along this spectrum. This study investigates the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid...

A wide range of bioimaging techniques have been applied to evaluate and study the neuroimmune aspects of neurological and psychiatric disorders. The development of reconstruction and visualization techniques for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as novel radiotracers for positron emission tomography (PET), enhanced their applications in thi...

Background The capacity to anticipate future health issues is important for both policy makers and practitioners in the USA, as such insights can facilitate effective planning, investment, and implementation strategies. Forecasting trends in disease and injury burden is not only crucial for policy makers but also garners substantial interest from...

Background Mental and behavioural disorders account for a large proportion of the burden of diseases in Iran. Identifying the pattern of change can help in policy making and provision of mental health services. We aimed to analyse the burden of mental disorders (excluding substance use disorders) in Iran at national and subnational levels with data...

Background Stillbirth is a devastating and often avoidable adverse pregnancy outcome. Monitoring stillbirth levels and trends—in a comprehensive manner that leaves no one uncounted—is imperative for continuing progress in pregnancy loss reduction. This analysis, completed as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (G...

Introduction Blood-based biomarkers such as plasma neurofilament light chain (pNfL) are crucial biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Additionally, neuroimaging techniques such as tensor-based morphometry (TBM), which identify structural changes in the brain, can provide valuable insights into AD pathophysiology. However, the role of genetics i...

Background Synaptic degeneration, axonal injury, and white matter disintegration are among the pathological events in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), for which growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) could be an indicator. In this study, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) GAP-43 clinical trajectories and their association with...

Up-to-date estimates of stroke burden and attributable risks and their trends at global, regional, and national levels are essential for evidence-based health care, prevention, and resource allocation planning. We aimed to provide such estimates for the period 1990–2021. We estimated incidence, prevalence, death, and disability-adjusted life-year (...

Background: Up-to-date estimates of stroke burden and attributable risks and their trends at global, regional, and national levels are essential for evidence-based health care, prevention, and resource allocation planning. We aimed to provide such estimates for the period 1990–2021. Methods: We estimated incidence, prevalence, death, and disabilit...

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a neurological condition characterized by a noticeable decline in cognitive abilities that falls between normal aging and dementia. Along with some biomarkers like GAP-43, Aβ, tau, and P-tau, brain activity and connectivity are ascribed to MCI; however, the link between brain connectivity changes and such biomarke...

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a global health concern with a rising prevalence. Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP-43) is a crucial protein for neuronal growth and synaptic plasticity, essential for maintaining healthy brain function. In AD, changes in GAP-43 levels have been observed, potentially indicating synaptic dysfunction and neurode...

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is typically protective for cognitive function due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and vascular health benefits. However, recent studies indicated that certain HDL subtypes might be associated with adverse brain structural changes, commonly seen in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Thus, further rese...

Background Alzheimer's Disease (AD) causes multi-domain cognitive decline. Brain imaging biomarkers and neuropsychiatric testing detect difficulties, although it is unclear how cognitive processes and medial temporal lobe subregions relate. High-resolution T2 MRIs of AD patients' medial temporal lobes were compared to composite scores for memory, l...

Background Recent studies have suggested that the hippocampus (HC) is involved in cognitive and behavioral functions beyond memory. We aimed to investigate how the volume of each subfield of the HC is associated with distinct patterns of coping strategies, emotion regulation, and impulsivity in a healthy population. Methods We studied a total of 2...

Background and aims The nonmotor symptoms (NMS) of Parkinson's disease (PD) and their potential role in early diagnosis are recent debates. Herein, we aimed to investigate the association between depression and NMS of PD including sleep disorders, hyposexuality, hyposmia, constipation, and orthostatic hypotension. Methods A total of 93 PD patients...

Summary Background Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and prioritisation. We have expanded and improved upon previous forecasts produced as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injur...

Background Accurate assessments of current and future fertility-including overall trends and changing population age structures across countries and regions-are essential to help plan for the profound social, economic, environmental, and geopolitical challenges that these changes will bring. Estimates and projections of fertility are necessary to i...

This appendix provides detailed information on the methods for the paper “Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2021 with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021”

Background Understanding the health consequences associated with exposure to risk factors is necessary to inform public health policy and practice. To systematically quantify the contributions of risk factor exposures to specific health outcomes, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 aims to provide comprehensiv...

Summary Background Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and prioritisation. We have expanded and improved upon previous forecasts produced as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injur...

Background Detailed, comprehensive, and timely reporting on population health by underlying causes of disability and premature death is crucial to understanding and responding to complex patterns of disease and injury burden over time and across age groups, sexes, and locations. The availability of disease burden estimates can promote evidence-base...

Background Regular, detailed reporting on population health by underlying cause of death is fundamental for public health decision making. Cause-specific estimates of mortality and the subsequent effects on life expectancy worldwide are valuable metrics to gauge progress in reducing mortality rates. These estimates are particularly important follow...

Background: Disorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditi...

The plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL), an axonal cytoskeleton protein, increases in Alzheimer disease and was therefore proposed as a blood-based biomarker of the disease. Tensor-based morphometry (TBM) is an MR based modality that identifies local volume changes in the brain. Herein, we aimed to investigate whether plasma NfL measures can pre...

Background Accurate assessments of current and future fertility-including overall trends and changing population age structures across countries and regions-are essential to help plan for the profound social, economic, environmental, and geopolitical challenges that these changes will bring. Estimates and projections of fertility are necessary to i...

Background Disorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditio...

Background Estimates of demographic metrics are crucial to assess levels and trends of population health outcomes. The profound impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on populations worldwide has underscored the need for timely estimates to understand this unprecedented event within the context of long-term population health trends. The Global Burden of D...

Schizophrenia affects approximately 1% of the population worldwide. Multifactorial reasons, ranging from drug resistance to adverse effects of medications, have necessitated exploring further therapeutic options. Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) is a novel high-frequency form of transcranial magnetic stimulation, a safe procedure with mi...

Background: Isaacs’ syndrome is a form of generalized peripheral nerve hyperexcitability (PNH) causing increased and continuous muscle activity characterized by muscle twitching, stiffness, cramps, myokymia, and pseudomyotonia. Herein, we aimed to review the clinical and paraclinical aspects of Isaacs’ syndrome in a number of cases. Methods: We re...

The COVID-19 pandemic restrictions may have significant implications for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The objective of this study is to explore the impact of the pandemic on physical activity levels and health outcomes among MS patients, as well as to examine potential associations between these factors. In this cross-sectional study, 197...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38092509/#full-view-affiliation-41

The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) is a multinational collaborative research study with >10,000 collaborators around the world. GBD generates a time series of summary measures of health, including prevalence, cause-specific mortality (CSMR), years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disabi...

The aim of this study is to investigate drug use disorders which are a major cause of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). This article is a part of the global burden of diseases (GBD), injuries, and risk factors 2019 study. The GBD modeling approach was used to estimate population-level prevalence of dr...

Objective: Psychoses of epilepsy usually have an acute onset, accompanied by brief symptom duration and a risk of recurrence. Managing these conditions can be challenging due to the potential for seizures associated with certain antipsychotic medications, as well as exacerbating psychosis resulting from some antiepileptic medications. Our objective...

Background The causes for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are diverse and the incidence trends of IMIDs from specific causes are rarely studied. The study aims to investigate the pattern and trend of IMIDs from 1990 to 2019. Methods We collected detailed information on six major causes of IMIDs, including asthma, inflammatory bowel di...

Background The causes for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are diverse and the incidence trends of IMIDs from specific causes are rarely studied. The study aims to investigate the pattern and trend of IMIDs from 1990 to 2019. Methods We collected detailed information on six major causes of IMIDs, including asthma, inflammatory bowel d...

Background Although meningitis is largely preventable, it still causes hundreds of thousands of deaths globally each year. WHO set ambitious goals to reduce meningitis cases by 2030, and assessing trends in the global meningitis burden can help track progress and identify gaps in achieving these goals. Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases,...

Background: Although meningitis is largely preventable, it still causes hundreds of thousands of deaths globally each year. WHO set ambitious goals to reduce meningitis cases by 2030, and assessing trends in the global meningitis burden can help track progress and identify gaps in achieving these goals. Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases...

Background: Reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) is proposed as a neurobiological system that eventually led to emotion and motivation-based constructs of personality. Traditionally segmented into the behavioral activation system (BAS) and the behavioral inhibition system (BIS), RST is commonly used to describe personality and behavior. Although...

Introduction: While cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) core biomarkers have been considered diagnostic biomarkers for a long time, special attention has been recently dedicated to lipoproteins and metabolites that could be potentially associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) neurodegeneration. Herein, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the le...

Background: According to recent studies, amyloid-β (Aβ) isoforms as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers have remarkable predictive value for cognitive decline in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein, we aimed to investigate the correlations between several targeted proteomics in CSF samples with Aβ ratios and cognitive scores in p...

Introduction Valproic acid (VPA)–induced hyperammonemia (HA) is a rare adverse effect reported even at therapeutic VPA levels. The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of VPA-induced HA and its association with the total dose, duration, and level of VPA. This study also investigated whether the use of VPA in combination with other...

Background Blood uric acid level indicates an emerging biomarker in Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to evaluate longitudinal uric acid levels among different kinds of glucocerebrosidase (GBA) mutations and to compare it among sporadic PD, genetic cohort Parkinson's disease (GENPD), genetic cohort unaffected (GENUN), and healthy control (...

As a benign isolated and encapsulated tumor originating from the nerve sheaths, schwannomas rarely appear on the cranial nerves, among which infraorbital nerve schwannomas are highly uncommon. We report a case of isolated infraorbital nerve schwannoma in a 58‐year‐old male patient with a clinical manifestation of proptosis in the affected eye. As a...

Background Understanding the microstructure of the brain that underlies emotions is of pivotal importance for psychology and psychiatry. Herein, we investigated white matter (WM) tracts associated with anger using the diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (DMRI) connectometry approach while exploring potential sex differences. Methods 225 healthy p...

Background The health risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption continue to be debated. Small amounts of alcohol might lower the risk of some health outcomes but increase the risk of others, suggesting that the overall risk depends, in part, on background disease rates, which vary by region, age, sex, and year. Methods For this analysis,...

Supplementary data

Introduction As an inflammatory phenomenon, optic neuritis (ON) that causes demyelination in the optic nerve damages the retinal cells, and leads to visual impairment. Herein, we aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of memantine on ON. Methods In this double-blinded randomized clinical trial, participants with the first episode o...

Background Alexithymia is a cognitive-affective impairment, suggested to be associated with emotion regulation. Herein, we investigated white matter (WM) tracts with Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DMRI) connectometry approach using quantitative anisotropy (QA) tractography to discover possible associations between the alexithymia and emotion...

Background: The non-motor symptoms (NMS) of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and their potential role in early diagnosis are recent debates. Herein, we aimed to investigate the association between depression and non-motor symptoms of PD including sleep disorders, hyposexuality, hyposmia, constipation, and orthostatic hypotension. Methods: After obtaining w...

Background Reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) is proposed as a neurobiological system that eventually led to emotion and motivation-based constructs of personality. Traditionally segmented into the behavioral activation system (BAS) and the behavioral inhibition system (BIS), RST is commonly used to describe personality and behavior. Although t...

Objective : Previous Diffusion Tensor imaging (DTI) studies have revealed microstructural alterations in white matter (WM) tracts among children with attention de cit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although ADHD can persist into adulthood in more than half of the diagnosed children, few studies have investigated the WM tracts in adults with ADHD. I...

Background Better evaluation of existing health programmes, appropriate policy making against emerging health threats, and reducing inequalities in Iran rely on a comprehensive national and subnational breakdown of the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors. Methods In this systematic analysis, we present the national and subnational estim...

Introduction Considering the difficulties of differentiating Parkinson’s disease (PD) from drug-induced Parkinsonism (DIP) in patients receiving antipsychotics, developing robust diagnostic tools is essential. Herein, we used the metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scan to assess its diagnostic accuracy for this purpose. Methods 44 DIP patients and 32...

COVID-19 pandemic obligated applying population-level behavioral modifications to effectively prevent the spread of the disease. This necessitated investigating those measures that determine population behavior. Herein we have studied risk perception and information exposure that are among those determinants in Iran. 402 cases from medical sciences...

Applying rehabilitative measures is shown to be influential in relieving the medical complications of the COVID-19 disease. Herein, we aimed to assess the effect of a rehabilitation training class on the knowledge and attitude of the caregivers of the COVID-19 patients. Twenty-three caregivers voluntarily filled the questionnaire before and after a...

Background The ALS diagnostic challenges necessitate more robust diagnostic and prognostic methods. A potential biomarker in this regard is the alterations of ferritin levels in the serum and CSF of patients compared to controls. Methods The CSF and serum ferritin levels were measured in 50 ALS cases and 50 control patients with predefined exclusi...

The association between functional connectivity (FC) alterations with amyloid-β (Aβ) and τ protein depositions in Alzheimer dementia is a subject of debate in the current literature. Although many studies have suggested a declining FC accompanying increased Aβ and τ concentrations, some investigations have contradicted this hypothesis. Therefore, t...

Eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) pathway is overactivated in Alzheimer disease and is probably associated with synaptic and memory deficiencies. EIF2α protein is principally in charge of the regulation of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. Four kinases responsible for eIF2α phosphorylation at ser-51 are: General control non-derepressible-...

Background Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by a loss of hypocretin neurons in the hypothalamus. Inflammation is proposed as a mechanism for neurodegeneration in narcolepsy. Numerous studies have investigated peripheral cytokine measures in narcoleptic patients, though the results are not conclusive. The current systematic review and me...

Neurofilament light chain (NFL) has been recently introduced as a biomarker of early dementia. 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) is a proxy for regional hypometabolism in Alzheimer disease (AD). Globally normalized 18F-FDG-PET values and levels of NFL and tau were obtained from 149 patients with mild cognitive impairm...

As the richest sensory modality in human beings, vision and visual perception have always been the center of attention for numerous studies. In this chapter, we aim to put together the scattered literature on human visual perception and investigate the magnificent act of transforming a two-dimensional optical input into a three-dimensional reconstr...

Purpose: Expertise is the product of training. Few studies have used functional connectivity or conventional diffusometric methods to identify neural underpinnings of chess expertise. Diffusometric variables of white matter might reflect these adaptive changes, along with changes in structural connectivity, which is a sensitive measure of microstru...

Depression is a significant disabling feature in Parkinson's disease, however the neuropathology of this comorbidity is still unclear. To further investigate the relationship between brain microstructural alterations and depressive symptoms in PD, we employed a multiple regression study to survey the connectivity of whole white matter regions by us...