Mahmoud Metwally Nour El Dein

Damietta University | DU · Department of Botany and Microbiology

Ganoderma is a well-known genus of medicinal mushrooms. The biological activity of the fruiting bodies of G. mbrekobenum (previously identified as Ganoderma sp. EGDA, (AC: LN774971) is scarcely studied. The microor¬ganisms including bacteria and fungi were chosen for screening of the antimicrobial activity produced by G. mbrekobe¬num strain EGDA. T...

SOLID state fermentation system (SSFS) efficiency depends on the proper selection of the microorganisms, substrates and environmental conditions. In this study, we investigated and optimized the antioxidant activity of the SSFS constructed using Pleurotus floridanus or Paecilomyces variotii on rice straw. The genotypic effect on antioxidant activit...

This study highlights the optimization of extracellular biosynthesis and antimicrobial efficiency of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the crude metabolite of Escherichia coli D8 (MF06257) strain. The bacterial strain had been isolated from a sewage water stream located in Damietta City, Egypt. The optimum conditions for AgNPs production were at t...

Background and objective: Raising growing rabbits is an ideal solution to confront animal protein deficiency, especially in developing countries. The presence of lignin in wheat straw causes limitation of the digestion overall process. The biological delignification is a practical and promising alternative due to improving the digestibility of whe...

The fungus-substrate interaction on the antioxidant activity of a solid state fermentation system (SSFS) was investigated employing two basidiomycete fungi: Pleurotus columbinus and P. floridanus and two ascomycetes: Aspergillus fumigatus and Paecilomyces variotii on powdered peels of banana, pomegranate and orange, empty pea pods and rice straw. T...

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The enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities of a solid-state fermentation system (SSFS) employing six basidiomycete and four ascomycete fungi on orange peel have been evaluated. Class comparisons revealed highly significant effect of fungal group on the antioxidant activity. Peroxidase activity appeared only in the basidiomycete fungi (p...

Thirty seven actinomycetes isolates were isolated from Damietta soil using starch nitrate agar media. These isolates were screened for APPL (acid precipitable polymeric lignin) by using minimal salts-yeast extract medium with rice and wheat straws. Three actinomycetes isolates showed high APPL production. These isolates also showed production of ce...

This study was concerned with the isolation of bacterial strains from different water sources. Among of these strains, Enterobacter sp. exhibited extracellularly biosynthesized silver nanoparticles with good monodispersity. Enterobacter sp. has produced extremely stable nanoparticles within 72 hrs at 35°C in dark conditions. These nanoparticles cha...

This work evaluates the efficacy of aqueous and ethanolicextracts of fourteen medicinalplants as antifungal agents against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Extracts were used at five concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 5% w/v). Allium sativum was the most efficient when used in both aqueous and ethanolic extracts, followed by Datura stramoniu...

An investigation was conducted to assess the concentration of heavy metals in sediments in five selected locations along Manzala lagoon and correlate the effect of metal concentrations on benthic fungal population. Physiochemical analysis showed that pH values ranged between 7.93 and 8.1 while electric conductivity ranged between 5.64 and 12.76 dSm...

Fungi are known to degrade, or cause to deteriorate, a wide variety of materials and compounds, processes known as mycodegradation and mycodeterioration. Plastic is one of the most common synthetic polymers used in various applications such as coatings, fibers, paints and packaging. However, plastic has many advantages i.e., lightweight, low cost a...

Twenty samples of polluted water were collected from Damietta's canals and drainages located near the industrial area of New Damietta. Initial concentrations of heavy metals including (zinc, copper and lead) in the polluted water were determined. Fourty–five fungal species were isolated. Mucor racemosus, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. fumigatus,...

ABSTRACT The optimal conditions for the production of xylanase and peroxidase from Streptomyces sp. K37 were investigated. The production of xylanase and peroxidase increased during the growth phase of the cultures after 72 hours. This indicates that the productions of such enzymes are wholly growth associated in these organisms. The optimum pH for...

The optimization of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Pleurotus pulmonarius was carried out. Malt extract at 1.5 % (w/v) showed the highest EPS production after 10 days of submerged incubation and initial pH 5.5. 5.5% (w/v) glucose and 0.4% (w/v) potassium nitrate as sole carbon and nitrogen sources were the best stimulators for EPS production r...

The cultivation of two oyster mushroom species (Pleurotus pulmonarius and Pleurotus columbinus) was investigated using five agriculture wastes (cotton stem, pea pods, sugarcane bagasse, bean pods and wheat bran) as additives to wheat or rice straws (basic the mushrooms substrate bed) at three different concentrations (1,3 and 5%). These agriculture...

A chitinase (EC.3.2.1.14) from culture filtrate of Cunninghamella echinulata was purified 31.57 folds by precipitation with ammonium sulfate, gel filtration followed by anion-exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-cellulose. Optimum activity of the purified enzyme was recorded at pH 5.5 and 35 ºC. The chitinase was completely stable fo...

Extracellular xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) from Streptomyces sp. K37 was purified 33.53 by ultrafiltration and cation exchange chromatography followed by gel filtration chromatography. The optimum pH and temperature for purified xylanase were found to be pH 6.0 and 60 degrees C. The Km and V(max) values of the purified xylanase were 15.4 mg ml(-1) and 0.6...

Effect of some physiological factors on the growth of Pleurotus columbinus and Pleurotus pulmonarius have been investigated. The tested fungi had the same optimum temperature range 25-30ºC. P. columbinus was slightly more tolerant to higher temperatures than P. pulmonarius. Both fungi preferred neutral medium and widely used carbohydrates. Sucrose...

Fifteen fungal species have been tested for their exopolysaccharides (EPS) production on two different media. Peptone and yeast extract medium were used for growth of basidiomycetes and Czapek’s medium for the rest of the fungal groups. All the fungal species produce EPS after 10 days at 33± 2 ºC. The yield was ranged between 37-209 mg/l and the hi...

Production of chitinase by Cunninghamella echinulata was enhanced by the use of 10% (v/v) sea water as a sole mineral source. Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Co2+ when added separately were found to stimulate enzyme synthesis more than the other cations. Combination of Mn2+ with Zn2+ produced the highest enzyme promoting effect on the enzyme production. Vitamins...

Some different agricultural wastes have been tested for their ability to stimulate the cellulolytic activity by Pleurotus pulmonarius and Pleurotus columbinus. Pea pods and cotton stems were the best wastes used for production of cellulolytic enzymes (Avicellase, Carboxymethyl cellulase, and β-glucasidase) by both fungi when added separately to the...

Abstract Potentiality of Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler as a producer of the extracellular inulinase (β- 1,2-D fructanfructanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.7) was confirmed in this study. Maximum production of the enzyme (329.5 U/ml) was achieved when the fermentation medium was initially adjusted to pH 5.5, for 108 h. of submerged incubation (150 rev...

Thirty-six bacterial strains were isolated from 25 soil samples collected from several localities in Damietta. Soil composition has an effect on the magnitude of bacterial flora, the total count was higher in the non-cultivated soils. The isolated species were tested for their uric acid degradation ability and then investigated for their uricolytic...

Two uricase producers, Bacillus megaterium and Streptomyces aureomonopodiales Were employed for investigating the effect of some environmental factors on their uricase producing capacity. The maximum production of uricase by Bacillus megaterium and Streptomyces aureomonopodiales was obtained at 350C & 300C and initial pH values of 8 & 9 correspondi...

Cunninghamella echinulata was found to be the most active organism of 14 fungal isolates tested for the production of chitinase in surface cultures. Under optimal conditions high yields of chitinase were obtained in 8 days at initial pH 5 and 30ºC when 0.3% (w/v) NH4Cl was the only nitrogen source. Mixture (1:1), in a final concentration of 1.5% (w...

Candida lambica with a moderate ethanol tolerance could grow in presence of ethanol up to 8% (v/v). In presence of increasing concentrations of ethanol, fatty acids were increased while phospholipids were decreased in lipid samples extracted from the organism. Supplementation of different lipids to the growth medium enabled the yeast to restore its...

Intracellular uricase from Streptomyces aureomonopodiales was purified 76.06-fold from dialyzed cell-free extract by precipitation with ammonium sulfate, gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography on a column of DEAE-cellulose. The enzyme showed optimum activity at pH 9 and 350C. Fe2+, Zn2+, Mg2+ and Cu2+ were found to be inhibitors of the enzy...

Twenty nine species of fungi have been tested for their uricase activity. Only twenty two species of them have the ability to produce uricases. Most of the uncapable fungi to produce uricases belong to Basidiomycotina. The highest production of uricase was achieved by Aspergillus carbonarius, Botrytis fabae and Aspergillus sydowii (0.16, 0.13, and...

Aspergillus carbonarius was recorded as a good producer of microbial cell wall lytic enzymes. The enzyme preparation effectively lysed both living and heat-treated cells of some bacteria and yeasts. Polymers of microbial cell wall constitution had been also hydrolysed. Production of the highest content of lytic enzymes was induced by killed cells o...

Aspergillus terreus THOM produced appreciable yield of xylanase on medium containing acid pretreated rice straw as sole carbon source. The enzyme was purified approximately 25-fold by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration through Sephadex G-50 and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose with a yield of about 23% and specific activity...

Eine Alkali-Vorbehandlung von Bohnenhülsen, Reisstroh, Weizenkleie, Zuckerrohrbagasse und Sägespänen erhöhte ihre Degradation durch Aspergillus sydowii (Bainier und Sartory) Thom und Church. Der Pilz konnte 0,153 g Trockenmyzel bilden, wenn er in 100 ml eines mit 10%iger NaOH vorbehandelten Kleinmediums wuchs. Alkalihydrolysate wurden besser assimi...

A pectic enzyme was isolated from the cell-free filtrate of Fusarium accuminatum grown on acid pretreated pods of bean by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration through Sephadex G-50 and ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. The enzyme was purified about 266-fold with a yield of 16.21% and a specific activity of 34.55 units/mg prot...

Fusarium accuminatum Ell. & Ev. Could utilize acid hydrolysate of bean pods as sole source of carbon. Growth and protein content of the fungus were affected by different cultural conditions. Maximal growth amounting to 1.32 g with protein content of 37.47% was obtained when F. accuminatum was grown on 100 ml of medium containing 9% hydrolysate suga...

β-glucosidase from Aspergillus sydowii grown on alkali pretreated sawdust was purified 51.43-fold by i-propanol precipitation, gel filtration through Sephadex G-50 and ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. Maximum activity of the purified enzyme was achieved at pH 5.5 and 45 ºC. Relative stability of the enzyme was recorded at pH 5.5-6. Th...

Aspergillus terreus had the ability to assimilate sugars of acid hydrolysate of rice straw as a sole carbon source. It yielded 0.74 g dry biomass with lipid content of 47.24% when grown for 9 days on 100 ml medium containing 9% hydrolysate sugars and 0.4% peptone. Growth and lipid biosynthesis achieved their maximum at initial pH 7.5 and 30 ºC. Lip...

Acid pretreatment of cellulosic wastes improved their susceptibility to Fusarium acuminatum enzymes. The effectiveness of acid pretreatment was demonstrated with an increase in both fungal growth and enzyme activities. A growth yield of 0.15 g/100 ml was achieved on medium containing 5% acid pretreated pods of bean for 60 minutes. Avicelase (C1), c...

Abstract Eight different cellulosic wastes were investigated as suitable substrates for fungal growth as well as enzyme production. Highest growth was obtained by Aspergillus sydowii when wheat bran was the sole source of carbon. The organism could produce 0.14 g of dry mycelium at the expense of 1 g of waste carbohydrate. Wheat bran enabled Fusar...

During the biodegradation of alkali pretreated sawdust by Aspergillus sydowii, the degradative enzymes were produced independent of fungal growth. Carboxymethylcellulase (Cx) was first accumulated, followed by avicellase (C1) and β-glucosidase (C2). Xylanase and pectinase were involved in the biodegradation process. Growth and enzyme secretion were...

Eine intrazelluläre Phytase von Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. wurde aus einem dialysierten zellfreien Extrakt durch 113,28fache Ausfällung mit Azeton, Gel-Filtration und Säulenchromatographie mit DEAE-Cellulose gewonnen. Die Enzymaktivität war bei pH 5,6 und 35°C optimal. Die intrazellulären Enzyme sind hitzeempfindlich und verlieren rund 9...

Eine extrazelluläre Phytase von Aspergillus flavipes (Bainier & Sartory) Thom & Church wurde aus einem Kulturfiltrat durch etwa 173fache Fällung mit Ammoniumsulfat, Gel-Filtration durch Sephadex G-75 und Säulenchromatographie mit DEAE-Zellulose gewonnen. Die höchste Enzymaktivität wurde bei pH 5,6 und 37,5°C beobachtet, wenn Ca-Phytat als Substrat...

Phytase production by Aspergillus flavipes and Macrophomina phaseolina was enhanced by the use of sea water as a mineral supplement, and the effect was more pronounced on the intracellular phytase of M. phaseolina. Mg2+, Mn2+, Ca2+or Fe3+ stimulated the extracellular enzymes synthesis by A. flavipes more than the other tested ions. Moreover, the in...