Mahdi Fasihi

Lappeenranta – Lahti University of Technology LUT · School of Energy Systems

This paper introduces a value chain design for transportation fuels and a respective business case taking into account hybrid PV-Wind power plants, electrolysis and hydrogen-to-liquids (H2tL) based on hourly resolved full load hours (FLh). The value chain is based on renewable electricity (RE) converted by power-to-liquids (PtL) facilities into syn...

Concerns about climate change and increasing emission costs are drivers for new sources of fuels for Europe. Sustainable hydrocarbons can be produced synthetically by power-to-gas (PtG) and power-to-liquids (PtL) facilities, for sectors with low direct electrification such as aviation, heavy transportation and chemical industry. Hybrid PV–Wind powe...

With growing concerns about climate change, this paper investigates the production cost of sustainable methanol (MeOH) and dimethyl ether (DME) from H2 and CO2 in a single-unit methanol or DME synthesis plant, powered by hybrid PV-Wind-Battery power plants. The CO2 is captured from the atmosphere and H2 is provided by water electrolysis. The overal...

CO2 direct air capture (DAC) has been increasingly discussed as a climate change mitigation option. Despite technical advances in the past decade, there are still misconceptions about DAC's current and long-term costs as well as energy, water and area demands. This could undermine DAC's anticipated role in a neutral or negative greenhouse gas emiss...

The reliable supplies of electricity and hydrogen required for 100% renewable energy systems have been found to be achievable by utilisation of a mix of different resources and storage technologies. In this paper, more demanding parameter conditions than hitherto considered are used in measurement of the reliability of variable renewable energy res...

Defossilisation of the current fossil fuels dominated global energy system is one of the key goals in the upcoming decades to mitigate climate change. Sharp reduction in the costs of solar photovoltaics, wind power, and battery technologies enables a rapid transition of the power and some segments of the transport sectors to sustainable energy reso...

In 2019, the commercial aviation sector produced approximately 2.5% of total global anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Sectoral demand for commercial aviation is expected to at least double by 2050 compared to 2019, leading – if there are no adjustments to the fuel mix – to increasing CO2 emissions. The main aim of this work is to quantify the volumes, c...

As the discourse surrounding 100% renewable energy systems has evolved, several energy system modelling tools have been developed to demonstrate the technical feasibility and economic viability of fully sustainable, sector coupled energy systems. While the characteristics of these tools vary among each other, their purpose remains consistent in int...

This is a discussion and response to “Global 100% energy transition by 2050: A fiction in developing economies?” authored by Anthony Afful-Dadzie and published in Joule 5 (2021) 1634–1643. The preview has raised concerns around the feasibility of energy transitions towards 100% renewable energy and sustainable technologies in developing economies,...

Ammonia is one of the most commonly used feedstock chemicals globally. Therefore, decarbonisation of ammonia production is of high relevance towards achieving a carbon neutral energy system. This study investigates the global potential of green ammonia production from semi-flexible ammonia plants utilising a cost-optimised configuration of hybrid P...

Climate change threats and the necessity to achieve global Sustainable Development Goals demand unprecedented economic and social shifts around the world, including a fundamental transformation of the global energy system. An energy transition is underway in most regions, predominantly in the power sector. This research highlights the technical fea...

This chapter presents a technically feasible and economically viable energy pathway for Europe, in which the energy sector (comprised of power, heat, transport, and desalination) reaches 100% renewable energy and zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The research highlights the transition of the transport sector, which is currently dependent on fo...

Transition towards long-term sustainable energy systems is one of the biggest challenges faced by the global society. By 2050, not only greenhouse gas emissions have to be eliminated in all energy sectors: power, heat, transport and industry but also these sectors should be closely coupled allowing maximum synergy effects and efficiency. A tool all...

Powerfuels – i. e. green hydrogen and derived gaseous and liquid energy carriers and feedstocks such as synthetic kerosene, methane or ammonia – will play an important role in a carbon-neutral energy system. They will be essential for defossilising sectors that are hard to electrify such as aviation, maritime transport, and specific industrial proc...

Pathways for achieving the 1.5–2 °C global temperature moderation target imply a massive scaling of carbon dioxide (CO2) removal technologies, in particular in the 2040s and onwards. CO2 direct air capture (DAC) is among the most promising negative emission technologies (NETs). The energy demands for low-temperature solid-sorbent DAC are mainly hea...

The discussion about the benefits of a global energy interconnection is gaining momentum in recent years. The techno-economic benefits of this integration are broadly discussed for the major regions around the world. While there has not been substantial research on the techno-economic benefits, however, some initial results of the global energy int...

Iran is the 17 th most populated country in the world with several regions facing high or extremely high water stress. It is estimated that half the population live in regions with 30% of Iran's freshwater resources. The combination of climate change, increasing water demand and mismanagement of water resources is forecasted to worsen the situation...

Christian Breyer is Professor for Solar Economy at LUT University, Finland. His major expertise is research of technological and economic characteristics of renewable energy systems specializing for highly renewable energy systems, on a local but also global scale. Research includes integrated sector analyses with power, heat, transport, desalinati...

In order to achieve targets set by the Paris Agreement and limit global average temperature increase to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels, an assessment and a low carbon transformation is needed for all types of human activities. Cement production is associated with high levels of CO2 emissions, with an average of 866 kg of CO2 emitted pe...

The state-of-the-art scientific modelling of the “Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy – Power, Heat, Transport and Desalination Sectors” study simulates a transition to 100% renewable energy of the entire world, structured in nine major regions and 145 sub-regions on an hourly resolution of 5-year time periods from 2015 until 2050....

The study showcases that a global 100% renewable energy system can be achieved with zero GHG emissions before 2050 and more cost-effectively than the current fossil fuel and nuclear-based energy system. Solar photovoltaics (PV) and wind energy emerge as the new workhorses of the future global energy system. Solar PV emerges as the most prominent el...

Accordingly to the COP21 Paris Agreement a net zero greenhouse gas emission energy system must be built no later than 2050. Such a fast power system transition will be very challenging for the conditions of Northeast Asia, a region with a large and fast growing power demand. Power system transition modelling was performed in order to check the tech...

Presentation at the Strommarkttreffen on "Power-to-gas and power-to-fuel", Berlin, June 29, 2018.

Pathways for achieving the 1.5-2 ºC target imply a massive scaling of CO2 removal technologies, in particular in the 2040s and onwards. CO2 direct air capture (DAC) is among the most promising negative emission technologies (NETs). The energy demands for low temperature, solid solution DAC are mainly heat at around 100 ºC and electricity, which lea...

Neo-Carbon Energy is the largest renewable energy research in the Finnish history. We are creating a completely new energy system where the produced energy is emission-free, cost-effective and independent. We are solving renewable energy’s flexible use, storage and distribution. This will revolutionise the entire energy field. The project is carrie...

In this paper, the "LUT Energy System model" based on linear algorithm with an hourly resolved configuration is used to assess the role of hydrogen in 100% renewable energy (RE) based power and industrial gas sectors. The study is done for 2030 assumptions. A mix of RE technologies and energy storage options is applied to provide energy security an...

Presentation on the occasion of the PVSEC-27, Otsu, Japan, November 12-17, 2017.

The Paris Agreement points out that countries need to shift away from the existing fossil-fuel-based energy system to limit the average temperature rise to 1.5 or 2 °C. A cost-optimal 100% renewable energy based system is simulated for East Asia for the year 2030, covering demand by power, desalination, and industrial gas sectors on an hourly basis...

Growing demand for fossil fuels, increasing emission costs and concerns about climate change are drivers for new sources of fuels. This paper discusses new sources of sustainable carbon-neutral hydrocarbon fuels for Europe, and a respective business case for the Maghreb core region (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Western Sahara), in 2030 and 2040. H...

Iran is the 17th most populated country in the world with several regions facing high or extremely high water stress. It is estimated that half the population live in regions with 30% of Iran’s freshwater resources. The combination of climate change, increasing national water demand and mismanagement of water resources is forecasted to worsen the s...

With growing demand for LNG and transportation fuels such as diesel, and concerns about climate change and emission cost, this paper introduces new value chain design for LNG and transportation fuels and respective business cases for Iran, taking into account hybrid PV-Wind power plants. The value chains are based on renewable electricity (RE) conv...

With growing demand for transportation fuels such as diesel and concerns about climate change, this paper introduces a new value chain design for transportation fuels and a respective business case taking into account hybrid PV-Wind power plants. The value chain is based on renewable electricity (RE) converted by power-to-liquids (PtL) facilities i...

With growing demand for transportation fuels such as diesel and concerns about climate change, this paper introduces a new value chain design for transportation fuels and a respective business case taking into account hybrid PV-Wind power plants. The value chain is based on renewable electricity (RE) converted by power-togas (PtG) facilities into s...

Poster on the occasion of the 4th Conference on Carbon Dioxide as Feedstock for Fuels, Chemistry and Polymers in Essen, Germany, on September 29 - 30, 2015.

With growing demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG) and concerns about climate change, this paper introduces a new value chain design for LNG and a respective business case taking into account hybrid PV-Wind power plants. The value chain is based on renewable electricity (RE) converted by power-togas (PtG) facilities into synthetic natural gas (SNG...