Magnus Hillman

Lund University | LU · Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund

Background: The usage of probiotics has expanded beyond the areas of gut and immune health improvement. Several studies have shown the positive impact associated between probiotics and stress, cognition, and mood; a relationship referred to as the gut-brain axis. Method: The aim of this exploratory study was to evaluate the effect of the probiot...

Objective High vitreous levels of soluble (s)CD163 have been demonstrated in severe diabetic retinopathy (DR). The aim of this study was to explore the predictive values of plasma sCD163 and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) for DR progression in adults with type 1 diabetes. Methods and analyses The study design was prospective. Fundus photography perf...

Aims: Previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) entails increased risk of future diabetes. We describe the characteristics of women with previous GDM and compare with no previous GDM from the cohort Diabetes in Kalmar and Kronoberg (DKK) of 1248 adults, 40% women, with new diabetes, and factors affecting age and C-peptide levels at diagnosis of...

Background Depression is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aims were to explore the prevalence of depression, anxiety, antidepressant use, obesity, Hemoglobin A1c > 64 mmol/mol, life-style factors, pre-existing CVD, in patients with newly diagnosed T2D; to explore associations with depression; and to comp...

Introduction: Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) has been shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and suggested as a therapeutic agent for COVID-19. Furthermore, epidemiological association of high prevalence of Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) and regional severity of COVID-19-impact has been hypothesized. In our study setting, the estimated prevalenc...

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore whether recombinant GAD65 conjugated hydroxide (GAD-alum) treatment affected peripheral blood T-cell subpopulations in healthy children with multiple beta cell autoantibodies. Method: The Diabetes Prevention-Immune Tolerance 2 (DiAPREV-IT 2) clinical trial enrolled 26 children between 4 and 1...

Western diet is extending worldwide and suspected to be associated with various metabolic diseases. Many food products have skim milk powder added to it and, during processing, lactose reacts with milk proteins and Maillard reaction products (MRPs) are formed. Dietary MRPs are suggested risk factors for metabolic dysregulation, but the mechanisms b...

Background Increasing evidence suggests a link between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and intake of gluten, but no controlled trials have examined whether a gluten-free diet (GFD) has positive effects on glycemic control in children with T1D. Methods We conducted a non-randomized feasibility study. Twenty-three children with newly diagnosed T1D were includ...

Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Matrix metalloproteinase-14 (MMP-14) is involved in the development of atherosclerosis and CVD. The main aim was to explore the associations between MMP-14 and selected inflammatory and metabolic variables, CVD, depression, physical activity, smoking and medic...

Aims: Alexithymia has been linked to cardiovascular disease. The aim was to explore whether the immuno-inflammatory variables galectin-3 binding protein (Gal3BP), soluble (s)CD163 and galectin-3 were independently associated with alexithymia, while controlling for known risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as depression, anxiety, impaired...

Background Viral infections of the upper airways are the most common cause for absence from work or school, and there is evidence for probiotic efficacy in reducing the incidence and severity of these infections. Objectives We aimed to confirm the previously reported beneficial effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HEAL9 and Lacticaseibacillus...

Abstract Background Low levels of the soluble tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) and depression are linked to cardiovascular disease. Galectin-3, inadequate glycemic control and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels were previously linked to depression in these patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM...

Background The receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) are increased in atherosclerotic plaques. Soluble (s)RAGE decreases, whereas the extracellular newly identified receptor for advanced glycation end products (EN-RAGE) increases inflammatory responses mediated by RAGE. The aims were to explore whether sRAGE, EN-RAGE and the EN-RAGE/...

The intestine and the brain are connected via the brain-gut axis and the intestinal microbiota influences the immune activation and signaling molecules that are involved in the stress response. The aim of the study was to investigate if intake of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL9 (LPHEAL9) for four weeks could counteract elevated c...

Background Low levels of soluble TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) have previously been linked to cardiovascular disease, which is also the case for depression. High levels of galectin-3 and HbA1c, and low levels of HDL-cholesterol, have previously been linked to depression in these patients. The aim was to explore whether low levels of s...

Background Low levels of the soluble tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) and depression are linked to cardiovascular disease. Galectin-3, inadequate glycemic control and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels were previously linked to depression in these patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The ma...

Background: Galectin-3 binding protein (Gal3BP), sCD163, galectin-3, and depression have been linked to cardiovascular disease and mortality. In patients with type 1 diabetes, female sex has also been linked to cardiovascular disease and mortality. The aim was to explore whether female sex, sCD163, galectin-3, and depression were associated with G...

Abstract Background Abdominal obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The aim was to explore the influence of midnight salivary cortisol (MSC), antidepressants and sex on abdominal obesity in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We controlled for physical inactivity, smoking, depression and alexithymia. Methods Cross sectional study of 190 T1D patie...

Objective: To explore associations between high midnight salivary cortisol (MSC) secretion and high blood pressure (BP) in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods: Cross sectional study of 196 adult patients with T1D (54% men). Associations between high MSC (≥9.3 nmol/l) and high systolic BP (>130 mm Hg), and high diastolic BP (>80 mm Hg) were explored for...

Aim: To determine whether pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A2 levels are increased in early pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes and whether gestation age influences levels. The possible use of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A2 as a pre-screening biomarker to reduce the need for performing oral glucose tolerance tests in pregnan...

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is today universally diagnosed during late pregnancy. Treating hyperglycaemia during pregnancy reduces the risk of complications, the effect of interventions is however limited due to the late diagnosis. It is thus important to identify bio-markers reaching a high precision for GDM development in early pregnancy....

Minimal data set underlying the results of this study. (XLSX)

Abstract Background Depression, metabolic disturbances and inflammation have been linked to cardiovascular disease and mortality. Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), a known marker of cardiovascular risk, have been observed in patients with major depression in psychiatric populations. Our main aim was to explore as...

Background Abdominal obesity is linked to cardiovascular diseases in type 1 diabetes (T1D). The primary aim was to explore associations between abdominal obesity and cardiovascular complications, metabolic and inflammatory factors. The secondary aim was to explore whether achieved recommended treatment targets differed between the obese and non-obe...

Background: The intestinal tract is important for development of immune tolerance and disturbances are suggested to trigger autoimmune disorders. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of Maillard products in skim milk powder obtained after long storage, compared to fresh skim milk powder. Methods: Young rats were weaned onto a diet based...

Objective: Depression has been associated with diabetic retinopathy and increased plasma levels of galectin-3, a lectin expressed in activated macrophages. Increased levels of sCD163, the soluble form of a macrophage expressed scavenger receptor involved in several inflammatory processes, have been demonstrated in the vitreous of the eye in type 1...

Objective: Neuroinflammatory responses are implicated in depression. The aim was to explore whether depression in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) was associated with high circulating galectin-3, controlling for metabolic variables, s-creatinine, life style factors, medication, and cardiovascular complications. Design: Cross-sectional. Metho...

Abstract Background Increased prevalence of depression is found in both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and type 1 diabetes (T1D). Melancholia and atypical depression differ by cortisol secretion and clinical features. The aim was to compare the clinical presentation of T1D and T2D patients in relation to self-reported depression, self-reported anxiety, alex...

Abstract Background and Aims Bariatric surgery (BS) is an increasingly common method to combat obesity. It has been shown that bariatric surgery before pregnancy decreases the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, some women do develop GDM despite weight loss surgery, and this patients group has not been studied extensiv...

https://www.easd.org/virtualmeeting/home.html#!resources/depression-differed-by-midnight-cortisol-secretion-alexithymia-and-anxiety-between-diabetes-types-a-cross-sectional-comparison

Background: Obesity is linked to cardiovascular diseases and increasingly common in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) since the introduction of intensified insulin therapy. Our main aim was to explore associations between obesity and depression, anxiety, alexithymia and self-image measures and to control for lifestyle variables in a sample of person...

Background The aim of this study was to investigate plasma levels of sST2 and sCD163 to determine whether they at an early stage could predict development of diabetic nephropathy and/or diabetic retinopathy in patients at clinical onset. Methods Patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus at age 15–34 years between 1987 and 1988 (n = 220) were inclu...

Background The membrane bound FAS receptor is a key component of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway. Alternative splicing of the FAS gene generates in a soluble form of FAS which may protect cells against apoptosis due to competitive binding of the FAS ligand. Soluble FAS has previously been shown to be elevated in pregnancies complicated by preeclamp...

Background Relaxin is an important hormone in shaping the endometrium in early pregnancy. It promotes vascularization and secretion of prolactin as well as insulin-like growth factor binding protein. Relaxin has been suggested to promote insulin sensitivity in studies on mice and negatively associated with insulin levels in human pregnancy. Lower l...

The objectives were to evaluate possible associations between the SLC30A8 R325W polymorphism and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) as well as postpartum development of type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, we wanted to confirm the prevalence of zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies (ZnT8A), as previously reported, in a larger population and study its predict...

Several studies have investigated the role of contextual factors in problem based learning (PBL) but none of them have described the role of the tutor guides. Studies have also focused attention to whether subject-expert tutors or process-expert tutors guide differently. But does it really have to matter with a substantial tutor guide available? Th...

Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Women who develops hyperglycemia for the first time during pregnancy receive the diagnosis gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Presently, there is no consensus about the diagnostic criteria for GDM. A majority of these women subsequently develop postpartum overt diabe...

Raw data of IL-1Ra, C-peptide, gestational age and postpartum development. (XLS)

Some women with gestational diabetes (GDM) present with autoantibodies associated with type 1 diabetes. These are usually directed against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) and suggested to predict development of type 1 diabetes. The primary aim of this study was to investigate if GADA IgG subclasses at onset of GDM could assist in predicting post...

1003 Background and aims: The number ofobese women in childbearing age is increasing and the most common and effective weight loss treatment is gastric bypass (GBP). Overweight is a risk for developing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and therefore all pregnant women who have undergone GBP are screened for GDM in our region. The aim of this stu...

Several novel plasma proteins are for the moment highly interesting as potential inflammatory biomarkers in different chronic inflammatory diseases. The soluble form of the IL-33 receptor (sST2) has been suggested to play part of the inflammatory process in type 2 diabetes. Our aim of the study was to investigate if sST2 could predict the developme...

Background: Disturbances of the circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion are associated with depression, coronary calcification, and higher all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.The primary aim of this study was to test the associations between midnight salivary cortisol (MSC), depression and HbA1c, and control for behavioural, environmental and in...

Background / Purpose: Some of the women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) develop beta-cell specific autoantibodies often found in type 1 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of ZnT8A has been found to be almost as high as GADA in type 1 diabetes. The major aim with this study was to study the prevalence of ZnT8A in patients with GDM. Main c...

Objectives: Gestationai diabetes mellitus (GOM) alTects approximately 7% of all pregnant women. Some of these women develop autoantibodies typically characteristic of TID. Recently we identified zinc transporter 8 as an autoantigen in GOM. The objectives of the present study were to (i) Confirm tl1e prevalence of ZnT8 autoantibodies (ZnT8A) in a l...

Diabet. Med. 29, e436–e439 (2012) Aims Gestational diabetes mellitus affects approximately 7% of all pregnant women. Some of these women develop autoantibodies that are generally characteristic of Type 1 diabetes. Autoantibodies targeting glutamic acid decarboxylase and tyrosine phosphatase-like protein are the most frequently reported. A recently...

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) confers a risk for developing type 2 diabetes later in life, but the risk of developing type 1 diabetes is also increased. In this study we have evaluated the clinical use of C-peptide and β-cell specific autoantibodies during pregnancy with GDM as predictors for later development of diabetes. C-peptide levels we...

Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone released as a bioactive peptide from intestinal L-cells in response to eating. It acts on target cells and exerts several functions as stimulating insulin and inhibiting glucagon. It is quickly deactivated by the serine protease dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) as an important regulatory mechan...

ABSTRACT We have studied the presence of novel inflammatory markers as soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) and natural IgM antibodies directed against phosphorylcholine (αPC-IgM) in Swedish diabetic patients (n = 164) and in healthy control subjects (n = 41). SuPAR is expressed by several types of immune cells and has been show...

Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GADA) are found frequently in patients with autoimmune diabetes. Immunoglobulin (Ig)G(1) is the most frequent subclass among the GADA IgG subclasses. IgG(4) is a more common subclass in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) at clinical onset compared to type 1 diabetes. The aim of this wo...

About 35-45% of patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) develop a type of diabetes mellitus (CFRD) that is totally separated from other known types. The cause of diabetes in these patients is probably due to high levels of mucus in the pancreas that interfere with the insulin secretion. Patients with CFRD are treated with insulin to achieve normoglycemi...

The RSR ELISAs for GADAb and IA-2Ab are now widely used but due to a considerable number of falsely positive GADAb results obtained with EDTA plasma, it is recommended that only serum samples are run in these two assays. However, as EDTA plasma is often the preferred sample type in Europe we have assessed the possibility that adding Ca(2+) to plasm...

IgG subclasses of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD(65)) antibodies (GADA) may reflect the immunological state in the pancreas of GADA-positive patients with autoimmune diabetes. The use of biotin-conjugated antibodies and streptavidin Sepharose are used commonly in immunoprecipitation assays (IPA) based on (125)I- or (35)S-labelled antigens to capt...

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Link: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.02039_9.x/pdf

We explored the importance of the genetic markers microsatellite TNFa, HLA-DR3-DQ2, and DR4-DQ8 in diabetes mellitus. The studied groups comprised autoimmune type 1 (n = 63), nonautoimmune type 1 (n = 35), latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA; n = 54), and nonautoimmune type 2 (n = 340) and these patients were compared to 117 healthy controls...

Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA) are the most frequent beta-cell-specific autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes and in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). The autoimmune attack on pancreatic islet cells is associated with a T helper 1 cell (T(h)1) response, mainly represented by IgG(1)-subclass in humans. It has been proposed...

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