Magali Deschamps-Cottin

• Aix-Marseille University

Urbanisation is a growing phenomenon causing the decline of wild bees globally. However, bees manage to persist in the urban environment thanks to islands of vegetation in public parks and private gardens. While we are beginning to comprehend the impact of urbanisation on bees’ diversity and abundance, our understanding of its impact on the functio...

Simple Summary In a world where city dwellers are disconnected from nature, scientists are sounding the alarm regarding the decline in pollinators both in the countryside and in cities. Among these pollinating insects, butterflies are a particular focus of study, as their populations are declining sharply as a result of urbanization and the artific...

Amongst the genus Rumina , R. paivae was decribed from North Africa for the first time by Lowe in 1861 on the basis of a limited number of samples. During the 19 th and 20 th centuries, it was described several times, under different names and different ranks leading to a taxonomic imbroglio before being forgotten. In 2002, Mienis rehabilitated R....

We used a 12-year survey of butterflies in 24 parks in Marseille (South-East France), to highlight the overall decline of butterfly biodiversity (richness, abundance, diversity) in this Mediterranean city. This study confirms the importance of the urban gradient in the composition and structure of butterfly communities with a clear difference betwe...

Urbanisation is a growing phenomenon causing the decline of wild bees globally. Yet, bees manage to persist in the urban matrix thanks to islands of vegetation in public parks and private gardens. While we begin to comprehend the impact of urbanisation on bees' diversity and abundance, our understanding of its impact on the functional diversity of...

La communauté scientifique internationale alerte depuis de nombreuses années sur un appauvrissement et une homogénéisation de la biodiversité urbaine, notamment liée à la réduction et la fragmentation des habitats naturels. En parallèle, l’artificialisation des quelques espaces à caractères de nature résiduels, aussi bien en termes de gestion que d...

Bee hotels are increasingly set up by land managers in public parks to promote wild bee populations. However, we have very little evidence of the usefulness of bee hotels as tools to help the conservation of wild bees within cities. In this study, we installed 96 bee hotels in public parks of Marseille (France) for a year and followed their use as...

Dans les zones urbaines du monde entier, les scientifiques ont observé l’homogénéisation de la biodiversité. De plus, l’urbanisation et les modes de vie modernes ont considérablement réduit les connaissances et les interactions de l’homme avec la nature. Ces deux phénomènes ont de graves conséquences pour la conservation de la biodiversité. Dans ce...

The world human population is more and more urban and cities have a strong impact on the biosphere. This explains the development of urban ecology. In this context, the goal of our work is fourfold: to describe the diversity of scientific questions in urban ecology, show how these questions are organized, to assess how these questions can be built...

This edited volume focuses on contemporary developments in mosquito control policies. It is premised on the idea that, in view of the social and ecological changes of recent decades, effective management of vector mosquitoes calls for a break with the old North/South, environment/health dualisms. Increasing urbanization and climate change encourage...

Souvent bâtie sur les milieux les plus riches et favorables à la vie, le long de fleuves, sur des espaces naturels diversifiés ou agricoles, la ville est un milieu entièrement construit et entretenu par l'Homme qui subit des modifications rapides et brutales engendrant une mosaïque de milieux différents. Les sols, y sont maintes fois remaniés, dést...

Urbanisation as a major driver of changes leads to the extinction of some species while others increase in abundance, especially non-native species. Spatiotemporal distribution patterns of these successful species are likely to be shaped by their response and tolerance to urban features. This study assesses the anthropo-ecological requirements of t...

This study presents the results of object-based classifications assessing the potential of bi-temporal Pléiades images for mapping broadleaf and coniferous tree species potentially used by the ring-necked parakeet Psittacula krameri for nesting in the urban area of Marseille, France. The first classification was performed based solely on a summer P...

In a simulation study of genotypes conducted over 100 generations for more than 1600 butterfly’s individuals, we evaluate how the increase of anthropogenic fragmentation and reduction of habitat size along urbanisation gradients (from 7 to 59% of impervious land cover) influences genetic diversity and population persistence in butterfly species. We...

The rapid expansion of Utility-Scale Solar Energy (USSE) is expected to meet economic and environmental challenges that society faces today and in the future. Yet there is a paucity of comprehensive research on biodiversity responses to USSE. Here we investigated the impact of USSE on species movements via the correlations between landscape connect...

Interference competition has proved to be a factor of successful establishment of invasive species. This type of competition may have a stronger impact when native species have temporal niche overlap with the invasive species. The ring-necked parakeet Psittacula krameri has been successfully introduced in many countries and its interspecific agonis...

Increasing numbers of cities are currently developing sustainable policies aimed at promoting urban biodiversity and ecological dynamics through the planning of green networks and the implementation of more sustainable management practices. These human activities can strongly influence environmental factors on which the organization of ecological c...

This article presents the findings of a research programme involving both researchers and operators involved in Vector Control in France and the French Antilles. We used an interdisciplinary approach to analyse howsocio-ecological factors interact to contribute to the exposure of urban and suburban populations to Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus,...

Urbanization leads to fragmentation, degradation or loss of natural environments and reduces connectivity between remaining habitat patches. This affects dispersal and establishment of species and their genes and might have adverse effects on biodiversity in urban areas. Here we assess functional connectivity between green spaces for one plant (Pla...

In the face of strong urban development pressure, the maintenance of nature in the city depends on the green spaces, in particular the public parks. These often artificialized spaces shelter a particular kind of biodiversity, and for this reason are being re-planned in relation with the more general environmental quality of the city. Long associate...

Urban areas are increasing globally, providing opportunities for biodiversity researchers to study the process in which species become established in novel, highly disturbed habitats. This ecological process can be understood through analyses of morphological and genetic variation, which can shed light on patterns of neutral and adaptive evolution....

texte accessible en pdf - http://www.cnrs.fr/fr/pdf/inee/prospective2012/#/1/

Urbanization induces changes in species abundance and richness that are beginning to be extensively described. However, the functional structure of urban communities still requires attention to provide a basis for a more accurate understanding of urban ecosystems’ functioning. This study has been performed in order to assess functional changes in e...

The aim of this paper is to examine the role of urban public parks in maintaining connectivity and butterfly assemblages. Using a regression framework, we first test the relative importance of park size and isolation in predicting abundance and species richness of butterfly assemblages across a set of 24 public parks within a large metropolitan are...

Agricultural decline and urbanization entail rapid alterations of the patterns of organization of rural landscapes in Europe. The spread of the urban footprint to the adjacent countryside contributes to the development of new anthropogenic ecosystems in formerly rural hinterlands. In this study, butterflies are considered as biological indicators o...

L'urbanisation croissante des communes rurales dans les trente dernières années a conduit à un essor des zones résidentielles autour des noyaux villageois. Les jardins privatifs de ces zones constituent des lieux d'introduction d'espèces horticoles exotiques et locales qui contribuent fortement à la richesse floristique des zones urbanisées. Nous n...

L’urbanisation croissante des communes rurales dans les trente dernières années a conduit à un essor des zones résidentielles autour des noyaux villageois. Les jardins privatifs de ces zones constituent des lieux d’introduction d’espèces horticoles exotiques et locales qui contribuent fortement à la richesse floristique des zones urbanisées. Nous n...

The increasing urbanization of rural areas leads to a strong development of horticultural flora, which is the main source of alien and invasive plants. In order to assess the pool of cultivated species under different urbanization pressures, the diversity and distribution of horticultural flora were studied in 120 Mediterranean gardens belonging to...

Determinism in the evolution of a mound-building ant Formica lugubris (Hymenoptera:Formicidae) colony and the impact of environmental perturbations were analyzed using several methods. Variation in dome volume of ant-hills and their activity were followed in a larch forest of the southern French Alps for 8 consecutive years. The dynamic of domes wa...

Two butterfly species living in the Alps, Parnassius apollo and P. phoebus, frequently hybridize in certain localities of this region. The features of this phenomenon have been previously studied by biometry and starch gel electrophoresis, but some points remained obscure. We present them in a study combining results from cellulose acetate electrop...

Two butterfly species living in the Alps, Parnassius apollo and P. phoebus, frequently hybridize in certain localities of this region. The features of this phenomenon have been previously studied by biometry and starch gel electrophoresis, but some points remained obscure. We present them in a study combining results from cellulose acetate electrop...

Parnassius apollo was selected as a test-species for a two year population study on the alpine arc and the Central Massif. This lepidoptera was observed in most French mountains above 1000 m. but has recently disappeared from several areas. The results of the survey are given together with a list of the partners and the different methods used in th...

A mountain butterfly species, Parnassius apollo is protected by the CITES convention of Washington and is threatened or extinct in many European massifs. The definition of the ecological factors which can affect its survival, in particular its relations with its larval foodplants, are important to design conservation policies. The larva of P. apoll...