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Introduction
Publications
Publications (136)
Background Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is used to differentiate asthma inflammatory phenotypes and guide its management. However, data on FeNO reference values in a representative adult population is limited.
Objective To derive reference values and determinants of FeNO in a representative adult population.
Methods The West Sweden Asthma...
Background The use of blood eosinophil count (BEC) as a prognostic biomarker in the management of conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be complicated by factors like atopy, age, sex, smoking, and comorbidities. Therefore, we aimed to produce reference values for BEC, considering age, asthma, COPD, and clini...
Conclusion
Education, but not occupation, was differentially associated with adult asthma phenotypes in the general population. Further research into socioeconomic status variation in various asthma phenotypes is warranted.
Background: Asthma is a heterogenous airway disease characterized by multiple phenotypes. Unbiased identification of these phenotypes is paramount for optimizing asthma management. Objectives: To identify and characterize asthma phenotypes based on a broad set of attributes using a novel machine learning approach in a representative sample of Swedi...
Background
Evidence on the role of exogenous female sex steroid hormones in asthma development in women remains conflicting. We sought to quantify the potential causal role of hormonal contraceptives and menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in the development of asthma in women.
Methods
We conducted a matched case–control study based on the West Swede...
Background
The use of molecular allergology has increasingly become common in the diagnosis and management of allergic diseases. However, there is still a lack of data on cat molecular allergens in adults. Therefore, we aimed to uncover the sensitization patterns to cat molecular allergens.
Methods
Participants were recruited from the West Asthma...
Introduction:
The prevalence of COPD tends to level off in populations with decreasing prevalence of smoking but the extent of underdiagnosis in such populations needs further investigation.
Aim:
To investigate underdiagnosis and misclassification of COPD with a focus on socio-economy, lifestyle determinants and healthcare utilization.
Method:...
Women show an increased prevalence of adult-onset asthma compared to men and previous studies have shown that testosterone inhibits while estrogen worsens allergen-induced airway inflammation. However, detailed knowledge about the aggravating effects of estrogen on immune responses remain unclear. Defining the effects of physiological levels of est...
Background: Due to the high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2, accurate diagnosis is essential for effective infection control, but the gold standard, real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), is costly, slow, and test capacity has at times been insufficient. We compared the accuracy of clinician diagnosis of COVID-19 against...
Background
Allergic asthma is associated with airflow obstruction and hyper-responsiveness that arises from airway inflammation and remodeling. Cell therapy with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) has been shown to attenuate inflammation in asthma models, and similar effects have recently been observed using extracellular vesicles (EV) obtained from thes...
The polarization of CD4+ T cells into different T helper subsets is an important process in many diseases, including asthma. Part of the adaptive immune system, T cells are responsible for propagating signals to alert and prime the immune system. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that act on numerous targets in the cell to regulate a var...
Background
Evidence on the role of exogenous female sex steroid hormones in asthma development in women remains conflicting. We sought to quantify the potential causal role of hormonal contraceptives and menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in the development of asthma in women.
Methods
We conducted a matched case-control study based on the West Sweden...
Background
Due to the high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2, accurate diagnosis is essential for effective infection control, but the gold standard, real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), is costly, slow, and test capacity has at times been insufficient. We compared the accuracy of clinician diagnosis of COVID-19 against...
The airway epithelial cells and overlying layer of mucus are the first point of contact for particles entering the lung. The severity of environmental contributions to pulmonary disease initiation, progression, and exacerbation is largely determined by engagement with the airway epithelium. Despite the cellular cross-talk and cargo exchange in the...
Background:
As the prevalence of dog allergy rises, component resolved diagnosis might improve the diagnosis, understanding of the clinical outcomes, and the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Considering the paucity of data in adults, the current study characterized the patterns of sensitization to dog molecular allergens in an adult population.
Me...
The alarmin cytokine interleukin (IL)-33 plays an important proinflammatory role in type 2 immunity and can act on type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and type 2 T helper (TH2) cells in eosinophilic inflammation and asthma. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway drives immune responses in several inflammatory diseases, but it...
Eosinophils have a broad range of functions, both homeostatic and pathological, mediated through an array of cell surface receptors and specific secretory granules that promote interactions with their microenvironment. Eosinophil development, differentiation, activation, survival and recruitment are closely regulated by a number of type 2 cytokines...
A gender-related disparity exists in asthma morbidity and mortality, which shifts at around puberty from a male predominance to a female predominance. This is clinically reflected in the fact that asthma that occurs in childhood (childhood-onset asthma) mainly affects boys, and that asthma that occurs in adulthood (adult-onset asthma) mainly affect...
Purpose
Current guidelines primarily use medication levels to distinguish severe asthma from other types of asthma. In addition, severe asthma must also be uncontrolled at high-intensity treatment or become uncontrolled if treatment level is decreased. To date, only a few studies have used this definition to investigate the prevalence and clinical...
Background
Adiponectin is an important immunomodulatory mediator in inflammatory conditions. While we previously showed that adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) is expressed in murine regulatory T cells (Tregs), its expression in human Tregs remain unknown. Here, we examined the expression of AdipoR1 in human Tregs and whether its ligand, globular adi...
Citation: Lässer, C.; Kishino, Y.; Park, K.-s.; Shelke, G.V.; Karimi, N.; Suzuki, S.; Hovhannisyan, L.; Rådinger, M.; Lötvall, J. Immune-Associated Proteins Are Enriched in Lung Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles during Allergen-Induced Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation.
Background
Coexistence of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema has been studied in children, but data are lacking in adults. As new treatments emerge, epidemiological data on the coexistence are needed.
Aims
To study the prevalence of concomitant asthma, rhinitis and eczema in the general adult population and among those sensitized to aeroallergens, and t...
In past 10 years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have gained scientific attention due to their importance in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases and their potential as biomarkers in liquid biopsies. They act as master post‐transcriptional regulators that control most cellular processes. As one miRNA can target several mRNAs, often within the same pathway,...
In past 10 years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have gained scientific attention due to their
importance in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases and their potential as biomarkers
in liquid biopsies. They act as master post-transcriptional regulators that control
most cellular processes. As one miRNA can target several mRNAs, often within the
same pathway,...
Abstract Background COPD has increased in prevalence worldwide over several decades until the first decade after the millennium shift. Evidence from a few recent population studies indicate that the prevalence may be levelling or even decreasing in some areas in Europe. Since the 1970s, a substantial and ongoing decrease in smoking prevalence has b...
Background:
Asthma is a common and heterogeneous disease that includes subgroups characterized by type 2 (T2) or type 17 (T17) immune responses for which there is a need to identify the underlying mechanisms and biomarkers in order to develop specific therapies. These subgroups can be defined by airway epithelium gene signatures and the airway epi...
Background: Eosinophils develop from CD34⁺ progenitor cells in the bone marrow under the influence of interleukin (IL)-5. Several cell types produce IL-5, including type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). The alarmin cytokine IL-33 is known to activate ILC2s in mucosal tissues, but little is known about IL-33-responsive ILC2s in the bone marrow in al...
Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and their adaptive counterpart type 2 T helper (TH2) cells respond to interleukin-33 (IL-33) by producing IL-5, which is a crucial cytokine for eosinophil development in the bone marrow. The aim of this study was to determine if bone marrow ILC2s, TH cells, and eosinophils are locally regulated by IL-33 in terms...
Background: Asthma is a chronic airway disease affecting millions of people. Better methods to define asthma subgroups using clinical parameters and molecular biomarkers are crucial in the development of personalized medicine.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) may be used to distinguish well–define...
Background
Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, with a noticeable increase in prevalence during the second half of the 20th century. Recent studies assessing the prevalence trends among adults have been inconsistent. We investigated the changes in the prevalence of asthma, respiratory symptoms, and risk factors between 20...
Purpose: The West Sweden Asthma Study (WSAS) is a population-representative longitudinal study established to: (1) generate data on prevalence trends, incidence and remission of asthma, allergy and respiratory conditions, (2) elucidate on the risk and prognostic factors associated with these diseases, (3) characterise clinically relevant phenotypes...
Asthma is a heterogenic disease affecting over 300 million people of all ages and socioeconomic status worldwide. The disease is characterized by chronic airway inflammation, reversible airflow obstruction, wheeze, cough and shortness of breath. Although asthma has been traditionally described by phenotypes such as immune cell type or allergy, it i...
Background:
Sensitization to allergen components has been linked to asthma in children, but studies in adults are lacking.
Objective:
To study the relation of sensitization to furry animal allergen components to risk of asthma, rhinitis, and markers of asthma severity in adults.
Methods:
From the West Sweden Asthma Study, a random population-repr...
Nano-sized extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and other types of vesicles, are released by most mammalian cells and bacteria. We here ask whether feces contain EVs of mammalian and/or bacterial origin, and whether these EVs induce systemic inflammation. Fecal extracellular vesicles (fEVs) were isolated from mice and hu...
Human rhinovirus (RV) infections are a significant risk factor for exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thus, approaches to prevent RV infection in such patients would give significant benefit. Through RNA interference library screening, we identified lanosterol synthase (LSS), a component of the cholesterol biosynthet...
Introduction
Mast cells are the primary effector cells of allergy. This study aimed at characterizing human peripheral blood‐derived mast cells (PBdMC) from peanut allergic and non‐allergic subjects by investigating whether the molecular and stimulus‐response profile of PBdMC discriminate between peanut allergic and healthy individuals.
Methods
PB...
Figure S1. Flow cytometry gating on PBdMCs
Figure S2. Expression of cell surface receptors on resting and activated basophils from non‐allergic (n=14) and peanut allergic (n=10) participants.
Figure S3. Histamine release from cultured PBdMCs derived from non‐allergic and peanut allergic participants.
Type 2 immunity drives the pathology of allergic diseases and is necessary for expulsion of parasitic worms as well as having important implications in tumor progression. Over the last decade, a new research field has emerged describing a significant link between type 2 immunity and cancer development, called AllergoOncology. Thus, type 2 immune re...
Introduction
Interleukin (IL)-33 plays important roles in the immunopathogenesis of allergy and asthma. It acts by promoting IL-5 and IL-13 secretion from IL-33 responsive type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) or directly activates eosinophils and mast cells. IL-5 is crucial in eosinophilic inflammation by controlling differentiation and survival of...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at posttranscriptional level. We and others have previously identified miRNAs with pathological roles in animal models of asthma. To date, few studies have investigated miRNA expression in human asthmatics and miRNA expression in specific cellular subtypes in asthmatics is l...
Background
B cells, key cells in allergic inflammation, differentiate in the bone marrow and their precursors include pro-B, pre-B and immature B cells. Eosinophil progenitor cells increase in the lung after allergen exposure. However, the existence and possible role of B cell precursors in the lung during allergic inflammation remains elusive.
Me...
BAFF levels in the BALF correlated with the body mass index (BMI) of asthmatic patients.
(TIF)
Supplementary information regarding the Materials and Methods section.
(DOCX)
Antibodies used for Flow Cytometry.
(DOCX)
A new Flow Cytometry experiment was performed in order to confirm the existence of the main precursors B cell populations showed in Fig 2.
Lung cells from an OVA/OVA mouse were processed and stained with specific antibodies and acquired in FACS Verse. A representative FACS plot analysis of an OVA/OVA mouse is presented (contour plots, 5% level with...
Stepwise differentiation of HSCs to immature B cells in the bone marrow, depicting the expression of cell-surface molecules according to their developmental stage and underlining the surface markers used in the flow cytometry to identify B cell subtypes.
B cell precursor subsets as well as the markers used for their identification are highlighted i...