M. M. F. Darwish

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Professor (Associate) SMIEEE at Benha University

In this paper, the study of the homogeneous resistivity and two‐layer soil influences on the performance of the electrodes of grounding systems subjected to lightning strikes is carried out considering soil ionization. The study is done on the behaviour of the ground electrodes while the resistivity of the soil is altered from small to high value i...

In most underground power cables, cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) is utilized as the main insulating material, while polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is usually used as a nonmetallic sheath or jacketing for the cable. Accordingly, improving the electrical and thermal characteristics of these materials leads to an increase in cable dielectric strength, bes...

The increasing trend for integrating renewable energy sources into the grid to achieve a cleaner energy system is one of the main reasons for the development of sustainable microgrid (MG) technologies. As typical power-electronized power systems, MGs make extensive use of power electronics converters, which are highly controllable and flexible but...

Photovoltaic (PV) arrays are usually installed in open areas; hence, they are vulnerable to lightning strikes that can result in cell degradation, complete damage, service disruption, and increased maintenance costs. As a result, it is imperative to develop an effective and efficient lightning protection system by evaluating the transient behaviour...

This article adheres to oil purity standards, investigating the impact of temperature, water, and carbon contaminants on transformer oils. The research employed breakdown voltage (BDV) and dissipation factor (DF) tests concerning IEC standards. Further, this article provided superior valuable insights into the behavior of transformer oils under dif...

Power components are among the most expensive parts in the power and industrial sectors worldwide. Nevertheless, fault diagnosis and remote con¬trol still face a lot of challenges in providing high accuracy and fast response to protect the power components. The upgrade of the Internet of Things (IoT) in recent years has made apps smarter, and linke...

Condition monitoring of the insulating system within power transformers has a massive importance according to the electrical utilities. Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is frequently used for this purpose. However, DGA lacks the necessary level of accuracy to identify all equipment faults, particularly in their initial stages of degradation. Also, it d...

Workers in the activities under high-voltage lines are exposed to the influence of the electric field of these lines, which may cause, in some cases, death as a result of some serious accidents such as the collapse of the towers and the occurrence of line to ground faults. In some densely populated countries, people may live near the right-of-way (...

Mineral (MO) oil has long been utilized as a dielectric and cooling medium in high-voltage power transformers due to its low cost and availability. Recently, there has been a great trend toward the use of gas-to-liquid (GTL) oil due to its purity, chemical consistency, and better performance than conventional oils. This study aims to investigate th...

Mica-based insulation systems are an essential part of high voltage (HV) electric motors and generators. Accordingly, the performance and reliability of the machine are directly impacted by the dependability of the insulation. This paper aims to assess the impact of different design factors on various dielectric indices. These indices include break...

A high-voltage reactor producing ozone for sterilization. The reason for this lies in the ozone gas concentration at which the ozone reactor operates. Therefore, this paper developed a homemade dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor capable of producing a dose of 265 g of ozone every hour. This DBD reactor is powered by a neon power supply with...

Wind energy generation systems are facing increasing importance in terms of harmonic distortion control and power quality standards. In recent years, variable speed has also risen rapidly due to advancements in power electronics. The three key elements of a wind power conversion system (WECS) are electrical generators, machine-side converters, and...

Recently, there has been a growing interest in polymer insulating materials that incorporate nanoscale inorganic additives, as they have shown significantly improved dielectric, thermal, and mechanical properties, making them highly suitable for application in high-voltage insulating materials for electrical machines. This study aims to improve the...

Achieving the goal of sustainable development is dependent on the widespread integration of renewable energy sources, energy storage systems (ESSs), and electric vehicles (EVs). However, a continuous increase in the penetration of such elements would bring more complexities to the distribution network. Accordingly, this paper presents a unified pla...

In this article, an algorithm is proposed and used to study the influence of harmonics on the behavior of medium‐voltage underground cables in flat formation. The proposed algorithm is a thermal model based on the heat equilibrium of the thermal circuit nodes of the medium‐voltage cable system. The impact of harmonics on the temperature rise of the...

This paper reviews the applications of Internet of Things (IoT) and digital twin technology in electrical power systems. It begins by discussing the generalized IoT value chain, followed by the terminology of smart grid, with clarifying the role of IoT‐systems and the digital twin structure within the Smart Grid. A comparison between different shor...

Abstract: Mineral oil (MO) is the most popular insulating liquid that is used as an insulating and cooling medium in electrical power transformers. Indeed, for green energy and environmental protection requirements, many researchers introduced other oil types to study the various characteristics of alternative insulating oils using advanced diagnos...

The enhancement of the thermal properties of insulating oils has positively reflected on the performance of the electrical equipment that contains these oils. Nanomaterial science plays an influential role in enhancing the different properties of liquids, especially insulating oils. Although a minimum oil circuit breaker (MOCB) is one of the oldest...

Nowadays, the load monitoring system is an important element in smart buildings to reduce energy consumption. Nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM) is utilized to determine the power consumption of each appliance in smart homes. The main problem of NILM is how to separate each appliance's power from the signal of aggregated consumption. In this regar...

Power transformers are considered one of the power system's most critical and expensive assets. In this regard, it is vital to assess the fault within the power transformer considering numerous operational aspects. In the literature, dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is the routine in-service test for power transformers and one of the most important tes...

As the load on distribution networks grows, system operators and planners are constantly challenged with the issue of voltage regulation or enhancing the quality of supply to customers at the load end of lengthy distribution lines. This paper presents the optimum determination of series capacitor units in a distribution system to maximize energy‐sa...

A lightning strike is considered one of the most risky natural phenomena that can lead to human harmful and the surrounding soil layers. To tackle this issue, this article investigates the influence of direct lightning characteristics in terms of human body safety. Specifically, such investigation is carried out on the effect of resistivities of tw...

Recently, the regulation of photovoltaic inverters, effectively under imbalanced voltages on the grid, has been crucial for the operation of grid-connected solar systems. In this regard, determining the output current reference is an integral aspect of managing a solar inverter with an unbalanced voltage. Based on evaluations of Instantaneous Activ...

One important objective of this article is to present a novel approach to study the current density and ground surface potential around the area surrounding earthed and isolated systems in the event of a line-to-earth fault. The present study is done in the case of uniform and two layers of soil. The contact and arc resistances of the line-to-groun...

this paper aims to measure and determine the impact of the climatic conditions and the effect of an on-grid photovoltaic (PV) system on the thermal performance of the transformer and the oil thermal parameters. Also, after enhancing thermal performance by inserting an on-grid PV system. The limited size of the on-grid PV system will be determined d...

Recently, the proliferation of distributed generation (DG) has been intensively increased in distribution systems worldwide. In distributed systems, DGs and utility‐owned electric vehicle (EV) to grid aggregators have to be efficiently scaled for cost‐effective network operation. Accordingly, with the penetration of power systems, demand response (...

The present article describes a smart wireless online device for the severity monitoring of the contaminated insulators of high voltage transmission networks. Accordingly, the wireless developed monitor works by continuously sensing the magnitudes of the leakage current bursts and calculating its average root-mean-square (RMS) value at every second...

Currently, distribution systems are continuously evolving towards modern and flexible structures while integrating promising renewable energy resources (RERs). In this regard, an optimal network constraint-based expansion planning model combined with an optimal integration framework of intermittent RERs is proposed in this work to improve the topol...

The electric and magnetic fields of overhead high voltage transmission lines are still a critical problem for new construction because of their biological effects on the human body. This issue has been a subject of scientific interest and public concern for the risk of the electric and magnetic fields on living organisms. Accordingly, the overhead...

This paper introduces a new intelligent integration between an IoT platform and deep learning neural network (DNN) algorithm for the online monitoring of computer numerical control (CNC) machines. The proposed infrastructure is utilized for monitoring the cutting process while maintaining the cutting stability of CNC machines in order to ensure eff...

Dynamic stability is considered a vital issue in modern power systems. In this work, a robust design is proposed for the stability improvement of grid-connected hydro-turbine generators using the adaptive concept-based Electro-Search optimizer (ESO). In this regard, we provide a dynamic stability analysis of a hydro-turbine generator located at the...

Worldwide, electrostatic precipitators (ESP) have been extensively utilized to separate fine particles for diverse large-scale industrial applications. In this regard, this paper presents a novel approach for modeling the dust-loaded ESP on the fine computational domain where the need for a fast solver arises. Unlike the previously published numeri...

The distribution of the power transformers at a far distance from the electrical plants represents the main challenge against the diagnosis of the transformer status. This paper introduces a new integration of an Internet of Things (IoT) architecture with deep learning against cyberattacks for online monitoring of the power transformer status. A de...

The development of the energy sector in Egypt is considered an urgent issue due to the rapid population rise rate. In particular, renewable energy sources (RESs) applications play an essential role in the coverage of energy demand. Therefore, Egypt has ambitious plans towards RESs to combine a sustainable energy future with economic growth. Egypt h...

Transformer oil insulation level may be deteriorated due to electrical and thermal faults, which may lead to transformer failure and system outage. In this regard, the first part of this paper presents comprehensive maintenance for power transformers aiming to diagnose transformer faults more accurately. Specifically, it aims to identify incipient...

This research investigates a new coordination strategy for both isolated single-area and interconnected multi-area microgrids (MGs) using a modified virtual rotor-based derivative technique supported with Jaya optimizer based on balloon effect modulation (BE). Accordingly, the main concept of BE is to assist the classic Jaya to be more sensitive an...

The electric and magnetic fields of overhead high voltage transmission lines are still a critical problem for new construction because of their biological effects on the human body. This issue has been a subject of scientific interest and public concern for the risk of the electric and magnetic fields on living organisms. Accordingly, the overhead...

Managing transmission congestion had been a major problem with growing competition in the power networks. Accordingly, competitiveness emerges through the network’s reconfiguration and the proliferation of secondary facilities. Congestion of transmission lines is a critical issue, and their regulation poses a technical challenge as the power system...

Wind turbines (WTs) are one of the most promising sources of sustainable energy. However, they are frequently subjected to lightning strikes resulting in downtime of WTs and loss of numerous megawatts of power generation. Studying the transient behavior of a WT when two blades are struck simultaneously by lightning is the main contribution of this...

This paper presents an intensive measurement and analysis of monopolar ionized fields in bundled high voltage direct current (HVDC) conductors using the finite difference method based on the full multigrid technique. The positive feature of this study is that it considers the comprehensive representation of the bundle conductor, unlike the existing...

In recent years, the internet of things (IoT) represents the main core of Industry 4.0 for cyber-physic systems (CPS) in order to improve the industrial environment. Accordingly, the application of IoT and CPS has been expanded in applied electrical systems and machines. However, cybersecurity represents the main challenge of the implementation of...

Resilient design of robust multi-objectives PID controllers via the D-decomposition method is presented in this paper for automatic voltage regulators (AVRs). The stabilizing interval of derivative gain (kd) is analytically calculated by the Routh-Hurwitz criterion. The kp – ki domain, for a fixed value of kd, is decomposed in root invariant region...

Recently, the penetration of energy storage systems and photovoltaics has been significantly expanded worldwide. In this regard, this paper presents the enhanced operation and control of DC microgrid systems, which are based on photovoltaic modules, battery storage systems, and DC load. DC–DC and DC–AC converters are coordinated and controlled to a...

Recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) has an important role in the growth and development of digitalized electric power stations while offering ambitious opportunities, specifically real-time monitoring and cybersecurity. In this regard, this paper introduces a novel IoT architecture for the online monitoring of the gas-insulated switchgear (GIS)...

Condition assessment of insulating oil is crucial for the reliable long-term operation of power equipment, especially power transformers. Under thermal aging, critical degradation in oil properties, including chemical, physical, and dielectric properties, occurs due to the generation of aging byproducts. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy wa...

Batteries are everywhere, in all forms of transportation, electronics, and constitute a method to store clean energy. Among the diverse types available, the lithium-iron-phosphate (LiFePO4) battery stands out for its common usage in many applications. For the battery’s safe operation, the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) estimations...

In modern power systems, power transformers are considered vital components that can ensure the grid’s continuous operation. In this regard, studying the breakdown in the transformer becomes necessary, especially its insulating system. Hence, in this study, Box–Behnken design (BBD) was used to introduce a prediction model of the breakdown voltage (...

Recently, the use of diverse renewable energy resources has been intensively expanding due to their technical and environmental benefits. One of the important issues in the modeling and simulation of renewable energy resources is the extraction of the unknown parameters in photovoltaic models. In this regard, the parameters of three models of photo...

In the last few decades, photovoltaics have contributed deeply to electric power networks due to their economic and technical benefits. Typically, photovoltaic systems are widely used and implemented in many fields like electric vehicles, homes, and satellites. One of the biggest problems that face the relatability and stability of the electrical p...

Power transformers are considered important and expensive items in electrical power networks. In this regard, the early discovery of potential faults in transformers considering datasets collected from diverse sensors can guarantee the continuous operation of electrical systems. Indeed, the discontinuity of these transformers is expensive and can l...

The output generations of renewable energy sources (RES) depend basically on climatic conditions, which are the main reason for their uncertain nature. As a result, the performance and security of distribution systems can be significantly worsened with high RES penetration. To address these issues, an analytical study was carried out by considering...

Wind speed fluctuations and load demand variations represent the big challenges against wind energy conversion systems (WECS). Besides, the inefficient measuring devices and the environmental impacts (e.g. temperature, humidity, and noise signals) affect the system equipment, leading to increased system uncertainty issues. In addition, the time del...

In recent years, the penetration of fuel cells in distribution systems is significantly increased worldwide. The fuel cell is considered an electrochemical energy conversion component. It has the ability to convert chemical to electrical energies as well as heat. The proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell uses hydrogen and oxygen as fuel. It is a...

The early detection of the transformer faults with high accuracy rates guarantees the continuous operation of the power system networks. Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is a technique that is used to detect or diagnose the transformer faults based on the dissolved gases due to the electrical and thermal stresses influencing the insulating oil. Many at...

This paper addresses the improvement of tracking of the maximum power point upon the variations of the environmental conditions and hence improving photovoltaic efficiency. Rather than the traditional methods of maximum power point tracking, artificial intelligence is utilized to design a high-performance maximum power point tracking control system...

Recently, solar energy has been intensively employed in power systems, especially using the photovoltaic (PV) generation units. In this regard, this paper proposes a novel design of a fuzzy logic based algorithm for varying the step size of the incremental conductance (INC) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method for PV. In the proposed method,...

Worldwide, energy consumption and saving represent the main challenges for all sectors, most importantly in industrial and domestic sectors. The internet of things (IoT) is a new technology that establishes the core of Industry 4.0. The IoT enables the sharing of signals between devices and machines via the internet. Besides, the IoT system enables...

Recently, the use of multi-crystalline silicon solar cells (MCSSCs) has been increasing worldwide. This work proposes a novel MCSSC pattern for achieving a more accurate emulation of the electrical behavior of solar cells. Specifically, this pattern is dependent on the modification of the double diode model of MCSSCs. Importantly, the proposed patt...

In recent years, with the widespread use of non-linear loads power electronic devices associated with the penetration of various renewable energy sources, the distribution system is highly affected by harmonic distortion caused by these sources. Moreover, the inverter-based distributed generation units (DGs) (e.g., photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbin...

The tuning of the robot actuator represents many challenges to follow a predefined trajectory on account of the uncertainties of parameters and the model nonlinearity. Furthermore, the controller gains require proper optimization to achieve good performance. In this paper, the use of a modified neural network algorithm (MNNA) is proposed as a novel...

The modern control infrastructure that manages and monitors the communication between the smart machines represents the most effective way to increase the efficiency of the industrial environment, such as smart grids. The cyber-physical systems utilize the embedded software and internet to connect and control the smart machines that are addressed b...

The nonlinearities of the robotic manipulators and the uncertainties of their parameters represent big challenges against the controller design. Moreover, the tracking of regular and irregular trajectories with fewer overshoots, short settling time, and small steady-state error is the main target for the robotic response. The model predictive contr...

Polymer nanocomposites used in underground cables have been of great interest to researchers over the past 10 years. Their preparation and the dispersion of the nanoparticles through the polymer host matrix are the key factors leading to their enhanced dielectric properties. Their important dielectric properties are breakdown strength, permittivity...