M. Alejandra JaramilloNueva Granada Military University · Applied Biology
M. Alejandra Jaramillo
Doctor of Philosophy
About
47
Publications
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Introduction
M. Alejandra Jaramillo currently works at the Applied Biology, Nueva Granada Military University. Alejandra does research in Systematics (Taxonomy), and agroforestry systems.
Additional affiliations
July 2015 - present
October 2011 - March 2015
Position
- Managing Director
September 2006 - May 2009
Education
August 1995 - December 2001
Publications
Publications (47)
Piper globirhachis , a new species from northwestern Amazon, is described and illustrated. It occurs across the Marañon River Valley from its close relative P. nudilimbum with which it has been confounded for ca. 100 yr. Piper globirhachis differs morphologically from P. nudilimbum in having ovate to long-ovate leaf blades and globose inflorescence...
Grias lucindoae, a new species from the Western Andean slopes of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia (Serranía de Las Quinchas), is described and illustrated, and its morphological similarities with comparable species are discussed. This new species is a tree between 10 and 15 m tall from montane forest remnants (900–1200 m). Grias lucindoae shares...
In this paper we describe and illustrate Schlegelia longirachis a new species from montane forest remnants (1200--1900 m) in the Western slope of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia (“Serranía de Las Quinchas” and Virolín county) in the Departments of Boyacá and Santander. A root-climbing liana, the new species is contrasted to S. fuscata , S. monac...
Three new species and a new name of Piper from the Amazonian slopes of the northern Andes are proposed and described. Piper cajambrense var. caquetanum, described from Caqueta in Colombia, is elevated to species rank under the name P. oteguanum and an emended description and an illustration are provided. Piper oteguanum is distinguished from P. caj...
Piper quinchasense is described and illustrated as a new species occurring in the understory of wet montane forest of the middle Magdalena Valley in Colombia, the easternmost portion of the Chocó Region. Its relationships are discussed with related taxa from the Macrostachys clade. An identification key for 35 Neotropical Piper species with peltate...
We describe four new species of Piper from the Amazonian slopes of the northern Andes. Piper hoyoscardozii is distinguished from similar climbing species, P. dryadum and P. flagellicuspe, by its longer peduncles. The Amazonian species Piper indiwasii is distinguished from P. scutilimbum from Panama and northern Colombia by the narrowly spatulate le...
Functional diversity and species diversity provide information to understand differences between plant communities from a contrasting environment and the complementary on regional scale. Environmental variation determines which plants can persist in the community via species sorting processes; forest exposed to extended inundation each year has sho...
A new species of Piper L. (Piperaceae) from the eastern slopes of the Andes in Colombia and Peru, P. callejasii W. Trujillo & M. A. Jaram., is described and illustrated, and morphological comparisons with similar species are discussed. Piper callejasii is distinguished by its stigmas being sessile, rather than on a long style as in four similar spe...
Piperaceae is a diverse pantropical group of basal angiosperms, which is represented in Bogotá by 28 species belonging to Piper and Peperomia. Piperaceae species are frequently found in forests and páramos of the district, and some species are cultivated for ornamental or medicinal purposes. This study presents a taxonomic revision of Piperaceae in...
Three new species of Piper from the Amazon slopes of the Andes in Colombia, Piper pseudopeculiare, P. resinaense, and P. tarquiense are described and illustrated, and morphological comparisons with similar species are discussed.
The fragmentation of aquatic and riparian environments has damaged diversity into ecosystems. These injuries are pronounced in areas as tropical dry forests in Colombia, which are endangered zones that could be disappear in few years. In this situation, diversity and composition in Odonata insects, which are influenced by abiotic factors, could be...
Community ecologists have strived to find mechanisms that mediate the assembly of natural communities. Recent evidence suggests that natural enemies could play an important role in the assembly of hyper-diverse tropical plant systems. Classic ecological theory predicts that in order for coexistence to occur, species differences must be maximized ac...
Understanding the role of diversity in ecosystem processes and species interactions is a central goal of ecology. For plant-herbivore interactions, it has been hypothesized that when plant species diversity is reduced, loss of plant biomass to herbivores increases. Although long-standing, this hypothesis has received mixed support. Increasing plant...
The Neotropics are home to incomparable plant diversity. To evaluate the potential roles of geography and ecology on speciation in Neotropical plants we selected a small, tractable lineage of shrubby angiosperms, Piper subgenus Ottonia. We reconstructed a molecular phylogeny and provided insights into the species divergence times based on fossil ca...
Ecologists have strived to find the mechanisms that govern the assembly of natural communities. Classical ecological theory predicts that in order for coexistence to occur, species differences need to be maximized across biologically important niche dimensions. New evidence suggests that natural enemies and chemical defenses could play an important...
Canellales, a clade consisting of Winteraceae and Canellaceae, represent the smallest order of magnoliid angiosperms. The clade shows a broad distribution throughout the Southern Hemisphere, across a diverse range of dry to wet tropical forests. In contrast to their sister-group, Winteraceae, the phylogenetic relations and biogeography within Canel...
Host-parasite systems have been models for understanding the connection between shifts in resource use and diversification. Despite theoretical expectations, ambiguity remains regarding the frequency and importance of host switches as drivers of speciation in herbivorous insects and their parasitoids. We examine phylogenetic patterns with multiple...
Piper is one of the largest genera of flowering plants. The uniformity of its small flowers and the vast number of species in the genus has hindered the development of a stable infrageneric classification. We sampled 575 accessions corresponding to 332 species of Piper for the ITS region and 181 accessions for the psbJ-petA chloroplast intron to fu...
Organ loss is an evolutionary phenomenon commonly observed in all kinds of multicellular organisms. Across the angiosperms, petals have been lost several times over the course of their diversification. We examined the evolution of petal and stamen identity genes in the Piperales, a basal lineage of angiosperms that includes the perianthless (with n...
The basal eudicot Aquilegia (columbine) has an unusual floral structure that includes two morphologically distinct whorls of petaloid organs and a clearly differentiated fifth organ type, the staminodium. In this study, we have sought to determine how Aquilegia homologs of the B class genes APETALA3 (AP3) and PISTILLATA (PI) contribute to these nov...
Piperales represent the largest basal angiosperm order with a nearly worldwide distribution. The order includes three species rich genera, Piper (ca. 2000 species), Peperomia (ca. 1500-1700 species), and Aristolochia s. l. (ca. 500 species). Sequences of the matK gene and the non-coding trnK group II intron are analysed for a dense set of 105 taxa...
Homology assessments are critical to comparative biological studies. Although gene expression data have been proposed as instrumental for defining homologous relationships, several lines of evidence suggest that this type of data can be misleading if used in isolation. The correspondence between the homology of genes and that of structures is not s...
The basal eudicot Aquilegia (columbine) has an unusual floral structure that includes two morphologically distinct whorls of petaloid organs and a clearly differentiated fifth organ type, the staminodium. In this study, we have sought to determine how Aquilegia homologs of the B class genes APETALA3 (AP3) and PISTILLATA (PI) contribute to these nov...
The forests of the Chocó Region are among the most diverse in the world, however they are under imminent threat of significant
degradation. This study uses species diversity and phylogenetic data in the plant genus Piper to select areas of maximum biological diversity to be considered as conservation priorities. Species distributions were obtained...
Of the many innovations associated with the radiation of the angiosperms, the evolution of a petal identity program is among the best understood from a genetic standpoint. Although the existing data do indicate that similar genetic mechanisms control petal development across diverse taxa, there is also considerable evidence for variability in petal...
Relative size at onset of maturity (RSOM) is defined as size at first reproduction divided by asymptotic maximal size. RSOM is remarkably constant among species within many higher clades of animals, but varies widely among tree species from the Pasoh Forest Reserve, Malaysia according to the work of S. C. Thomas. RSOM was examined for 16 mid-storey...
The Chapters are divided into sections and each Chapter has a literature cited that includes the references for all of the sections of that chapter. The Press did not provide PDF's of the papers. We have scanned in the four sections for which I am a co-author and included the literature cited for the entire Chapter. There are, therefore, many extra...
Several lines of evidence suggest that sterile floral organs, collectively known as the perianth, have evolved multiple times during the evolution of the angiosperms. In the family Aristolochiaceae, the perianth is formed by two whorls of organs in the genus Saruma but by only one whorl in the remaining genera, including Aristolochia. Although the...
Molecular biology techniques have had a great impact in modern studies of biodiversity across the globe, and they have contributed significantly to our understanding of evolutionary relationships across all kingdoms. Protein and DNA sequence data have provided a seemingly endless amount of characters to be used in phylogenetic studies, and they hav...
The genus Trianaeopiper Trealese was described to have axillary inflorescences, a rare character within Piperaceae. Here we present phylogenetic evidence suggesting that Trianaeopiper is not monophyletic and should not be recognized as a distinct genus (new names and combinations are provided). The structure interpreted as an axillary inflorescence...
The perianthless members of the Piperales are unique among the basal lineages of angiosperms because they are mainly herbaceous plants with over 2000 species possessing highly reduced flowers. There have been several attempts to address the evolution of the flower morphology in the group, but no previous study has included a DNA-based estimate of p...
The B class genes, including homologs of the Arabidopsis loci APETALA3 (AP3) and PISTILLATA (PI ), appear to play a conserved role in the determination of petal and stamen identity across core eudicot angiosperms. Understanding how and when these functions evolved is a critical component of elucidating the evolution of flowers, particularly the app...
Members of the AGAMOUS (AG) subfamily of MIKC-type MADS-box genes appear to control the development of reproductive organs in both gymnosperms and angiosperms. To understand the evolution of this subfamily in the flowering plants, we have identified 26 new AG-like genes from 15 diverse angiosperm species. Phylogenetic analyses of these genes within...
Piper is one of the most diverse genera among the basal lineages of angiosperms, and one of the most diverse genera in tropical wet forests around the world. Piper species are shrubs, climbers, and herbs abundant in the understory of tropical wet forests. Ecologically, Piper species are important structural components of the forest understory, espe...
The very high diversity in the genus Piper (1,000+ species) cries out for research into the evolutionary processes that have led to such variety. What have been the driving forces in the diversification of the genus? What has been the relative role of biotic versus abiotic factors in diversification? Of the potential biotic factors, what have been...
With ∼1000 species distributed pantropically, the genus Piper is one of the most diverse lineages among basal angiosperms. To rigorously address the evolution of Piper we use a phylogenetic analysis of sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA based on a worldwide sample. Sequences from a total of 51 species of Pi...
Typescript. Thesis (Ph. D.)--Duke University, 2001. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 164-181).