Lydie Chapuis-Lardy

Institute of Research for Development | IRD · 210 - Functional Ecology and Biochemistry of Soils and Agroecosystems (Eco&Sols)

The choice of tree species planted with cacao trees is essential for ensuring the efficiency and sustainability of cacao farming systems. This raises the question of the long-term impact of associated tree legumes (ATLs) on cacao bean yields and biomass accumulation. This study was carried out in accordance with four-block randomised experimental d...

Cacao–based agroforestry systems are promoted as adaptation and mitigation solutions for cacao production and carbon sequestration. Based on a 20-year experiment, we assessed the impact of associated shade tree legume (ATL), Albizia lebbeck and Acacia mangium on the total carbon stock (in soil at 60 cm depth + tree biomass + litter) of cacao stands...

Afforestation of gramineous-woody savannah with cocoa agroforestry systems (cAFS) is a common farmer practice in Cameroon considered as sustainable. Nevertheless, the effects of afforestation of savannah with cAFS on soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover and content, and the factors controlling SOC accumulation and stabilization are unknown. SOC conte...

Particle size fractionation enables a better understanding of soil organic carbon (C) dynamics since it separates fractions that differ in composition, residence time and function. However, this method is time-consuming and tedious; thus, its use has been greatly limited. Our objective was to evaluate the ability of an existing soil spectral librar...

Policy Brief, COP28

Assessing the conditions and performance of agroecological transitions in different contexts is key to supporting these transitions. However, assessing agroecological transitions presents methodological challenges, including: 1) being adaptable to local conditions, 2) consideration of social interactions among stakeholders involved in transitions,...

Soil organic carbon (SOC) contributes to agrosystem productivity. Understanding how farming practices implemented by smallholders affect the levels and distribution of SOC in carbon (C) pools with different stabilities is essential in sub-Saharan Arenosols where SOC mineralization is intense. The stability of SOC was studied by thermal (Therm-C), p...

Assessing the different pools of soil organic carbon (SOC) improves our understanding of how and at what rate the different forms of carbon (C) are being formed or lost in soils. Physical fractionation of soil organic matter (SOM) has often been used to separate and quantify SOC pools, but this approach is very tedious and can rarely be performed o...

Identifying the drivers of soil organic carbon (SOC) stock changes is of the utmost importance to contribute to global challenges like climate change, land degradation, biodiversity loss, or food security. Evaluating the impacts of land use and management practices in agriculture and forestry on SOC is still challenging. Merging datasets or making...

Land use change is one of the most important determinants of carbon storage and dynamics in ecosystems. Areas in the proximity of metropoles undergo land use changes but are poorly studied for their soil and biomass carbon budget, especially in Africa. Close to Benin's economic capital, the Lama territory located on the Allada plateau is subject to...

Le système d’élevage pastoral est critiqué pour son impact environnemental en raison des fortes émissions de gaz à effet de serre par unité de produit et l’effet néfaste sur le sol et la végétation. Au Sénégal, le stock de carbone dans la végétation est suivi par le Centre de suivi écologique dans 24 sites du Sahel depuis 1987. Toutefois, le stock...

Poster presented at the European Society for Agronomy (ESA) XVII Congress in Potsdam in September 2022. The related article was accepted in the Italian Journal of Agronomy in June 2023.

Estimates of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soil are essential to understand possible climate change mitigation from ecosystems. There is currently very limited and reliable information on GHG emission factors for most land-use types of Sahelian Africa. GHG (CO2, H2O, CH4, N2O) and ammonia (NH3) emissions were measured in a Sahelian agro-silvo...

Pre-print open for comments until July 4, here : https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2022/egusphere-2022-115/ Thank you for your comments ! Abstract : Identifying the drivers of soil organic carbon (SOC) stock changes is of utmost importance to contribute to global challenges like climate change, land degradation, biodiversity loss or food...

Soil organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents have an essential role in soil fertility, but they may be affected by salinity, which is especially responsible for land degradation in arid and semiarid regions. The objective of this work was to study the ability of visible and near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (VNIRS) to predict soil...

DATA4C+ is a thesaurus classifying and defining land management practices in agriculture and forestry for soil carbon storage. DATA4C+ thesaurus is focussed on land management practices identified in the scientific literature as drivers of soil organic carbon (SOC) changes. DATA4C+ thesaurus aim was to fill the gap of lack of a comprehensive thesau...

Article publié dans The Conversation : https://theconversation.com/une-bd-pour-se-familiariser-a-lagroecologie-174050

Within agroforestry systems, trees greatly contribute to soil carbon (C) sequestration. We still know little about how this contribution varies according to tree species. Here, we quantified the soil C content derived from three main tree species, Eucalyptus robusta, Coffea arabica and Citrus clementina, used in rainfed rice-based agroforestry in t...

The inventory of the carbon (C) pools in Africa’s ecosystems is not well documented, although it is crucial to support climate mitigation policies. We quantified the C stocks in plant biomass, woody necromass, litter and soil (0–30 and 30–100 cm) for the five main land uses – forest, tree plantation, young and adult palm groves, croplands – of Ferr...

Le secteur de l'agriculture, de la forêt et des autres utilisations des terres (AFOLU pour l'anglais Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Uses) est émetteur en gaz à effet de serre mais c'est également un secteur pour lequel des investissements peuvent inverser la tendance. Pourtant les actions concrètes avec des résultats chiffrés sont rares du fa...

The Sahel is at the nexus of extreme ecological, socio-economic, and food security challenges where Green Revolution technologies have not been adopted and yields remain unchanged since the 1960s. Although the Parkland system where trees are maintained in cropped fields can have positive ecosystem outcomes, there is limited success for increasing y...

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential for the productivity of agroecosystems and for mitigating climate change. Because the SOC contents of sandy soils are usually small, the effects of agricultural management upon SOC stocks in such soils have been insufficiently studied. In West sub-arid Africa, the coarse-textured soils (mostly Arenosols) are d...

Dataset used for a paper published in Regional Environmental Change (2021) "Estimates of carbon stocks in sandy soils cultivated under local management practices in Senegal’s groundnut basin". Data comprised Sheet 1: Measured data (total carbon content, pH in water, pH in 1M KCl, 5 textural fractions for soil samples collected at 0-10 cm and 10-3...

vPICO presented at session SSS 9.7 "Impact of conventional agriculture and organic farming on soil functions"

With the development of agroecology, soil plays a particularly important role in the design of sustainable agricultural practices. The soils are the place of many processes operated by living organisms interacting with one another. Soil biodiversity performs various processes which determine the main aggregated functions and finally agrosystem serv...

Soil carbon (C), now more than ever, attracts the interest of the scientific community for its importance in combating climate change and achieving food security. As a result, its key role in agricultural soil fertility and in anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions mitigation is high on international agendas. A key issue regarding the linkage betwe...

Rural development projects to develop sustainable agriculture need to be assessed before engagingsmallholder farmers at large scale. Data on agricultural systems to produce food, provide income forsmallholders and reduce greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions are scarce in Sub-Saharan Africa countries.Here, we assessed the potential of agroecological pract...

The Paris Climate Agreements and Sustainable Development Goals, signed by 197 countries, present agendas and address key issues for implementing multi-scale responses for sustainable development under climate change—an effort that must involve local, regional, national, and supra-national stakeholders. In that regard, Continental Carbon Sequestrati...

This dataset is composed of qualitative data related to barriers and actions to boost soil carbon sequestration in France and Senegal. These data were produced in 2018. The dataset is related to : Demenois, J., E. Torquebiau, et al. (2020). "Barriers and Strategies to Boost Soil Carbon Sequestration in Agriculture." Frontiers in Sustainable Food...

Beninese smallholders associate food crops and cash crops with immature oil palms to reduce field maintenance costs and gain income before the palms reach productive phase. Little is known about the effects of these crops on the nutritional status and growth of the palms in their immature phase even though the yield of adult palms can be affected b...

Poster presented at the Session SSS5.2 "Mechanisms of soil organic matter stabilization and carbon sequestration"

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a key element in the functioning of agrosystems. It ensures soil quality and productivity of cultivated systems in the Sahelian region. This study uses Rock-Eval pyrolysis to examine how cultural practices impact SOC quantity and quality of cultivated sandy soils in the Senegal groundnut basin. Such thermal analysis met...

The Paris Agreement calls for limiting global warming below 2°C. The “4 per 1000 Initiative: Soils for food security and climate” was launched in 2015 to increase soil organic carbon sequestration with three objectives: mitigation of climate change, adaptation to climate change and improved food security. One of the challenges of the Initiative rel...

In southern Benin, oil palm is mainly cultivated by smallholders who associate it with successive crops over the three first years when the trees are immature. There is little information available on the diversity of the practices used in these young plantations and their socio-economic background, although this information is essential for propos...

Les sols sont une ressource essentielle à préserver pour la production d'aliments, de fibres, de biomasse, pour la filtration de l'eau, la préservation de la biodiversité et le stockage du carbone. En tant que réservoirs de carbone, les sols sont par ailleurs appelés à jouer un rôle primordial dans la lutte contre l'augmentation de la concentration...

The Paris agreement calls for limiting global warming well below 2°C. In this context, the “4 per 1000 Initiative: Soils for Food Security and Climate” was launched with a threefold objective: to contribute to the mitigation of and to the adaptation to climate change and to improve food security through soil organic carbon sequestration. One of the...

L’agroécologie est, de manière croissante, évoquée au cœur des discussions internationales sur le devenir des systèmes agricoles et alimentaires dans le monde, en apparaissant comme une des réponses pertinentes aux grands défis globaux en matière de développement économique et social et d’environnement, largement reflété́ dans les Objectifs de Déve...

Miniaturized near infrared spectrometers are now available, at more affordable prices than conventional spectrometers, but their performances have been poorly studied to date. This paper aimed at comparing the performances of the JDSU MicroNIR 2200 spectrophotometer (weight < 0.1 kg) with those of a conventional bench-top instrument for predicting...

Basé sur des cas d'étude au Sénégal, ce chapitre dresse le bilan de 15 années de recherches sur le fonctionnement des sols d'agrosystèmes associant plantes cultivées (mil-arachide) et arbustes natifs au Sahel. Les travaux, publiés pour la plupart, ont montré que Guiera senegalensis et Piliostigma reticulatum redistribuent l'eau dans le sol, stimule...

Piliostigma reticulatum is a native woody shrub found in cropped fields in the Sahel and has been shown to increase crop productivity and soil quality. Frequently occurring drying and rewetting cycles (DRW) may alter the soil quality beneath these shrubs. We investigated the effect of DRW cycles on microbial community in soil beneath and outside th...

Les chercheurs de l'Initiative "4 pour 1000" réunis à Sète les 7 et 8 novembre 2018 lors de l’atelier "La recherche française autour du programme international de recherche de l’initiative 4 pour 1000 : les sols pour la sécurité alimentaire et le climat" ont lancé un appel pour un "programme scientifique ambitieux" pour la mise en œuvre du volet re...

The major factors driving greenhouse gas exchanges in forest soils (substrate supply, temperature, water content) vary with soil depth. Our study aimed to assess the effects of clear-cutting and drought on the temporal variability of CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes throughout very deep soil profiles in Brazilian eucalypt plantations conducted in coppice. S...

Organic carbon saturation in soils refers to the theoretical maximum soil organic carbon (SOC) that can be associated with and stabilized on fine silt plus clay particles (F < 20 μm). We reviewed the literature dealing with SOC distribution between soil fractions to evaluate carbon saturation for tropical soils and estimate the C storage potential...

Depuis le milieu du XX e siècle, du fait de la forte croissance démographique, les sols et la végétation des zones tropicales et méditerranéennes subissent d'importantes dégradations. Actuellement, plus de 20 % des terres cultivées sont dégradées chimiquement, physiquement et biologiquement. En effet, malgré la mise en oeuvre de grands projets tels...

Root exudation contributes to soil carbon allocation and also to microbial C and energy supply, which subsequently impacts soil aggregation around roots. Biologically-driven soil structural formation is an important driver of soil fertility. Plant genetic determinants of exudation and more generally of factors promoting rhizosphere soil aggregation...

Abstract Throughout the Sahel, food insecurity remains a persistent threat. A few studies have shown that Piliostigma reticulatum, a dominant native shrub in parklands from Senegal to Sudan, can positively impact crop yields. However, there are no experiments that measure whether this species can stabilize long-term crop productivity under erratic...

Natural regeneration may be a cost-effective method for recovering areas previously used for intensive agricultural purposes. Plant diversity in the succession periods has been well documented; however, less attention has been paid to the changes in soil attributes, which may work as an instrument for the validation of regeneration methods. The pre...

Tropical forests strongly influence the concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) in the atmosphere. Silvicultural practices in planted forests affect the fluxes of greenhouse gases at the soil surface and the major factors driving greenhouse gas production in forest soils (substrate supply, temperature, water co...

L’optimisation de la production agricole a longtemps été le seul but de la recherche agricole, notamment dans les pays du sud où la demande en aliments et en matières premières augmente rapidement et où les sols souvent dégradés fournissent peu d’éléments nutritifs. La nécessité d’un changement de paradigme est maintenant pleinement acquise. L’obje...

A few species of shrubs grow with dryland row crops in farmers' fields throughout the Sahel and can significantly increase crop yield. The presence of shrub roots and litter inputs should have implications for soil nutrient pool sizes but there is limited information on the interactions of these shrubs with microbial communities involved in biogeoc...

Drought stress strongly affects soil biota and impairs crop production, which underclimate change will be exacerbated in semi-arid cropping regions such as the Sahel.Hence soil management systems are needed that can buffer against drought. In West Africa, field studies have found intercropping of millet with the native shrub Piliostigma reticulatum...

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a drought-tolerant cereal commonly grown for grain and fodder in arid areas throughout the world. Senegalese millet fields are infested with Helicotylenchus. The native evergreen woody shrub Piliostigma retic-ulatum is widely distributed in sub-Saharan Africa. Its coppiced residues are used by small farmers as m...

Carbone des Sols pour une agriculture durable en Afrique Un réseau né d'une collaboration entre chercheurs africains et européens convaincus de la nécessité de considérer le carbone du sol. L'objectif du réseau est de contribuer à une meilleure prise en considération du carbone des sols pour une agriculture durable en Afrique.  Quantifier la capac...

This study characterized specific changes in the millet root zone microbiome stimulated by long term woody shrub intercropping at different sites in Senegal. At the two study sites, intercropping with woody shrubs and shrub residue resulted in a significant increase in millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) yield (P<0.05) and associated patterns o...

In the context of environmental and socio-economic changes, sub-Saharan African countries will have to ensure their food security, while reducing its environmental footprint. It is assumed that to take up the challenge of climate smart agriculture, it is necessary to intensify ecological processes of agrosocioecosystems at the scales of the soil-pl...