Lumir Hanus

• PhD, DSc, Dr.h.c.mult.
• Research Associate at School of Pharmacy, Ein Kerem Campus, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

The aromatic herb Plectranthus neochilus with a cannabis smell, widely used in folk medicine, has become the subject of a study of its essential oils of flowers and leaves. GC-MS analysis revealed a unique composition, the oils of flowers, the main component of which is 2-methyl-1-butene, its concentration exceeds 87 percent. On the one hand, this...

The substantial increase in legalization and subsequent regulation of cannabis has intensified the control and analytical monitoring of cannabis products to assure sample quality and control the cannabinoid content of the crop. In this sense, the restriction on cultivating legal cannabis plants has been limited to 0.2–0.3% of Δ⁹-THC content, depend...

Cannabis sativa plant has not only cannabinoids as crucial compounds but also the other compounds that play important role as synergistic and/or entourage compound. Cannabis/hemp plant materials and essential oils were analyzed with the help of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry detector for the content of terpenes and terpenoids. The main terpen...

Frankincense (Boswellia carterii) and olibanum (B. serrata) were chemically analyzed to determine compounds that would enable the differentiation of the two products. Typical compounds for both species were identified. Three new compounds, 24-noroleana-3,9(11),12-triene, 24-norursa-3,9(11),12-triene, and 24-norursa-3,12-diene-11-one, were identifie...

The occurrence of saturated (14:0, 15:0, 16:0, and 18:0), and unsaturated (7-16:1, 7-18:1, 9-18:1, 9, 12-18:2, 9, 12, 15-18:3) acids, together with novel cyclic sulfur-containing fatty acids in garlic {Allium sativum) is reported. Organosulfur compounds, fatty acids, and sulfur-containing fatty acids were separated and characterized by GC-MS with s...

Introduction: Cannabinoids are well known to have anti-inflammatory effects in mammalians; however, the Cannabis plant also contains other compounds such as terpenoids, whose biological effects have not yet been characterized. The aim of this study was to compare the anti-inflammatory properties of terpenoids with those of cannabidiol (CBD). Materi...

The plant Cannabis sativa produces over 140 known cannabinoids. These chemicals generate considerable interest in the medical research community for their possible application to several intractable disease conditions. Recent reports have prompted parents to strongly consider Cannabis products to treat their children with drug resistant epilepsy. P...

Cannabis, both herbal and resin, has been the most popular illicit drug in Israel in recent years. Until 2005, the main sources of cannabis resin (known also as hashish) to the Israeli drug market were Lebanon and India. Hashish from these sources can be distinguished by its external appearance. The aim of this study was to determine if there is an...

Cannabidiol (CBD), the main nonpsychoactive constituent of Cannabis sativa, has shown a wide range of therapeutically promising pharmacological effects either as a sole drug or in combination with other drugs in adjunctive therapy. However, the targets involved in the therapeutic effects of CBD appear to be elusive. Furthermore, scarce information...

Objective: This review consists of three parts, representing three different possibilities of interactions between cannabinoid receptor ligands of both exogenous and endogenous origin and cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs). The first part deals with cannabinoids as CYP substrates, the second summarizes current knowledge on the influence of various can...

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a component of cannabis, which does not cause the typical marijuana-type effects, but has a high potential for use in several therapeutic areas. In contrast to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) it binds very weakly to the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. It has potent activity in both in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory ass...

Cannabidiol (CBD), the non-psychoactive cannabinoid, has been previously shown by us to decrease peripheral inflammation and neuroinflammation in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we have studied the anti-inflammatory effects of newly synthesized derivatives of natural (-)-CBD ((-)-8,9-dihy...

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A substance that looked like hashish, seized in Israel and the Czech Republic was analyzed with a GC/MS for the identification of the main cannabinoids expected in cannabis (Cannabis sativa). No compounds typical of cannabis were identified in either of the two sets of samples, but compounds typical of coniferous plants, most probably from pine, an...

Cannabidiol (CBD), a major constituent of Cannabis, has been shown to be a powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-anxiety drug, without exerting a psychotropic effect. However, when given either intraperitoneally or orally as a purified product, a bell-shaped dose-response was observed, which limits its clinical use. In the present study, we have stud...

Cannabidiol (CBD), the non-psychoactive cannabinoid, has been previously shown by us to decrease peripheral inflammation and neuroinflammation in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we have studied the anti-inflammatory effects of newly synthesized derivatives of natural (-)-CBD ((-)-8,9-dihy...

Isolation and structure elucidation of most of the major cannabinoid constituents - including Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ(9)-THC), which is the principal psychoactive molecule in Cannabis sativa - was achieved in the 1960s and 1970s. It was followed by the identification of two cannabinoid receptors in the 1980s and the early 1990s and by the iden...

Medicinal cannabis is an invaluable adjunct therapy for pain relief, nausea, anorexia, and mood modification in cancer patients and is available as cookies or cakes, as sublingual drops, as a vaporized mist, or for smoking. However, as with every herb, various microorganisms are carried on its leaves and flowers which when inhaled could expose the...

Among the most reputed ancient medical plants were the: olibanum – frankincense, derived from Boswellia spp., myrrh, derived from Commiphoras spp., both from southern Arabia and the Horn of Africa, and apharsemon of Judea, derived from Commiphora gileadensis that had its origin also in these territories. The demand for these medical plants that wer...

Over the last two decades a large number of N-long-chain acyl amino acids have been identified in the mammalian body. The phar-macological activities of only a few of them have been investigated and some have been found to be of considerable interest. Thus arachidonoyl serine is vasodilatory and neuroprotective, arachido-noyl glycine is antinocicep...

This review analyzes reports on the question of ischemic postconditioning of the heart. The review shows that postconditioning decreases infarct size, prevents cardiomyocyte apoptosis, improves cardiac contractility during the reperfusion period, increases the tolerance of the heart to the arrhythmogenic action of reperfusion, prevents invasion of...

Ancient cultures discovered and utilized the medicinal and therapeutic values of spices and incorporated the burning of incense as part of religious and social ceremonies. Among the most important ancient resinous spices were frankin-cense, derived from Boswellia spp., myrrh, derived from Commiphoras spp., both from southern Arabia and the Horn of...

Extracts of Mandragora autumnalis (mandrake) fruit have been analyzed by GC–MS. One-hundred and thirty-five compounds were iden-tified in extracts obtained from the fruit after removal of the seeds – twenty-three n-alkanes, one branched-chain alkane, two cyclohexanes, eight alke-nes, two branched-chain alkenes, three alcohols, three aldehydes, six...

Three different unifloral Palestinian honey samples that originate from Thymus capitatus, Thymelaea hirsuta, and Tolpis virgata were analyzed by using Headspace-Solid Phase Microextraction Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC–MS). The anal-ysis performed exhibited chromatographic profiles that are characteristics for each type of examin...

Lytophilippines A–C, new chloro-containing macrolactones, were isolated from the Red Sea hydroid Lytocarpus philippinus and their structures were elucidated by IR, UV, MS, 1 H and 13 C NMR, and by chemical degradation. The compounds gave positive results in the crown gall tumor inhibition test and brine shrimp toxicity assay.

Several derivatives of cannabinol and the 1,1-dimethylheptyl homolog (DMH) of cannabinol were prepared and assayed for binding to the brain and the peripheral cannabinoid receptors (CB 1 and CB 2), as well as for activation of CB 1 -and CB 2 -mediated inhibition of adenylylcyclase. The DMH derivatives were much more potent than the pentyl (i.e., ca...

Analysis of fatty acids by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using serially coupled capillary columns with different polarity of stationary phases is reported. More than 40 volatile compounds, including, low molecular, dioic and fatty acids were determined of two marine green algae Codium dwarkense and C. taylorii. There are large variat...

Keywords: Chagosensine / Sixteen-membered chlorinated macrolide / Red Sea sponge Leucetta chagosensis / Natural products Chagosensine, a sixteen-membered chlorinated macrolide, was isolated from the Red Sea calcareous sponge Leucetta chagosensis. Its structure was elucidated mainly on the basis of NMR spectroscopic data. The relative and absolute c...

An alabaster lid with a resinous accretion burnt or stuck next to the handle and on the base was uncovered in the Nabataean rest stop in Moyat Aawad (Moa) in the Arava valley in Israel. The analysis of this resin sample utilising GC-MS revealed several types of compounds. The chemical analysis revealed compounds typically present in pine tar and pl...

a b s t r a c t Shelled molluscs constitute an excellent source of protein, sugars and lipids, and the demand for various mollusks species is increasing. We analysed lipid composition of different bivalves, quite important in the diet of East Mediterranean inhabitants. Plasmamlogens, glyceryl ethers, and diacyl phospholipid forms as well as their f...

Fatty acid and lipid compositions from different tissues of Galilee Sardine important in the diet of East Mediterranean inhabitants were exam-ined. More than 50 fatty acids were detected in freshwater fish sardines (Mirogrex terraesanctae). The muscles of this fish contained a high level of omega-3 fatty acids. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Sardines are a...

a b s t r a c t Shelled molluscs constitute an excellent source of protein, sugars and lipids, and the demand for various mollusks species is increasing. We analysed lipid composition of different bivalves, quite important in the diet of East Mediterranean inhabitants. Plasmamlogens, glyceryl ethers, and diacyl phospholipid forms as well as their f...

An alabaster lid with a resinous accretion burnt or stuck next to the handle and on the base was uncovered in the Nabataean rest stop in Moyat Aawad (Moa) in the Arava valley in Israel. The analysis of this resin sample utilising GC-MS revealed several types of compounds. The chemical analysis revealed compounds typically present in pine tar and pl...

An alabaster lid with a resinous accretion burnt or stuck next to the handle and on the base was uncovered in the Nabataean rest stop in Moyat Aawad (Moa) in the Arava valley in Israel. The analysis of this resin sample utilising GC-MS revealed several types of compounds. The chemical analysis revealed compounds typically present in pine tar and pl...

Authors submitted an analysis of papers given up an involvement of protein kinases in heart ischemic postconditioning. This analysis of literature source allowed to authors affirms that signaling system of postconditioning can involve kinases: PKC, PI3K, Akt, MEKl/2, ERK1/2, MTOR, p70s6K, GSK3b, PKG and also eNOS, NO, GC, motoKATP channel, ROS, MPT...

Analysis of experimental data indicates that aging, metabolic syndrome may be serious obstacle against realization of cardioprotective effect of postconditioning. The moderate hypercholesterolemia, postinfarction cardiosclerosis and cardiac hypertrophy do not abolish protective effect of postconditioning in experimental animals. The issue whether d...

It has been established that G(i/o)-proteins are an intermediate link that provides intracellular signaling between opioid receptors and protein kinases. Our investigations have shown that protein kinase C is involved in realization of the anti-necrotic and anti-apoptotic effects of opioids. PI3 and Akt kinases are involved in the cardioprotective...

Analysis of literature source indicates that main pretenders to the role of end-effectors of ischemic postconditioning of the heart are: 1) Ca(2+)-dependent K+ channel of BK-type (big conductance K+ channel), 2) mitoK(ATP) channel (mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+)-channel), 3) MPT pore (mitochondrial permeability transition pore). At the same time,...

It was established that delta- and kappa1-opioid receptor (OR) stimulation both in vivo and in vitro promotes a decrease of infarct size/area at risk (IS/AAR) ratio during ischemia and reperfusion of heart. mu-OR activation increases a tolerance of isolated perfused heart to impact of ischemia and reperfusion but has no effect on IS/AAR index in vi...

Authors of review analyzed papers on problem of heart ischemic postconditioning. In the review, it was demonstrated that postconditioning decreased an infarct size, prevented cardiomyocytes apoptosis, improved cardiac contractility in reperfusion period, augmented cardiac tolerance to arrhythmogenic impact ofreperfusion, prevented neutrophil invasi...

Ancient cultures discovered and utilized the medicinal and therapeutic values of spices and incorporated the burning of incense as part of religious and social ceremonies. Among the most important ancient resinous spices were frankincense, derived from Boswellia spp., myrrh, derived from Commiphoras spp., both from southern Arabia and the Horn of A...

Today over 100 compounds called cannabinoids, typical for Cannabis sativa, have been identified in the plant. The levels of the individual constituents in the plant differ depending on the soil, weather conditions and genetics of the plant. Over the last few years cannabis plants with up to 20–30% (by dry weight) Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) have...

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

In this review we describe recent advances in the chemistry of novel CB(1)/CB(2) agonists, CB(1) antagonists, selective CB(2) agonists, fatty acid amide hydrolase inibitors, monoglyceride (MGL) and diglyceride (DAGL) inhibitors and cannabinoid-type agonists and antagonists of non CB(1)/CB(2) receptors. In view of recent interest in the activities o...

Chemical variability in the essential oil from leaves of individual plants of Majorana syriaca (common names Syrian marjoram, zaatar, zahtar) plants growing wild at various locations in Palestine were analyzed using a static headspace gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS). Although Palestine represents a relatively small geographical area...

Shelled molluscs constitute an excellent source of protein, sugars and lipids, and the demand for various mollusks species is increasing. We analysed lipid composition of different bivalves, quite important in the diet of East Mediterranean inhabitants. Plasmamlogens, glyceryl ethers, and diacyl phospholipid forms as well as their fatty aldehydes,...

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

The identification and evaluation of lichen metabolite production by the epiphytic lichenized ascomycete Ramalina lacera collected from different substrates: Crataegus sinaicus, Pinus halepensis, and Quercus calliprinos. Chemical constituents were characterized by GC MS, HPLC, HR TLC, and other chemical methods. The most abundant fatty acids were a...

Detection of monoterpenoid ascaridole and other terpenoids in the genus Chenopodium from the East Mediterranean. Distribution of ascaridole in leaves of 13 species medicinal plant belonging to the genus Chenopodium was examined with the help of the GC MS method. cis Ascaridole was found as a major peroxy monoterpenoid (up to 46.9 %) in the oil. Thr...

Extracts prepared from Commiphora molmol resins were analyzed by GC-MS. Twenty-two terpenoid compounds were identified in the hexane extract of the resin. Among them, 2-acetoxyfuranodiene (9.80%), furanoeudesma-1,3-diene (8.97%), isofuranogermacrene (6.71%), epicurzerenone (3.64%), 2-methoxyfuranodiene (2.97%), and lindestrene (2.74%) were the main...

Research on the chemistry and pharmacology of cannabinoids and endocannabinoids has reached enormous proportions, with approximately 15,000 articles on Cannabis sativa L. and cannabinoids and over 2,000 articles on endocannabinoids. The present review deals with the history of the Cannabis sativa L. plant, its uses, constituent compounds and their...

Coronary artery occlusion (45 min) and reperfusion (2 h) were modeled in vivo in anesthetized artificially ventilated Wistar rats. Total ischemia (45 min) and reperfusion (30 min) of the isolated rat heart were performed in vitro. The selective agonist of cannabinoid (CB) receptors HU-210 was injected intravenously at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg 15 min pri...

Fifteen species of wild edible mushrooms belonging to the genus Boletus (phylum Basidiomycota) were examined by high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HP-TLC) analysis and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis for the presence of neutral, glyco-, phospholipids, betaine lipids and fatty acids. The most abundant fatty acids were...

Identification of cyclopropyl fatty acids in walnut oil. GC/MS method was developed for the determination of eight cyclopropyl fatty acids in walnut (Juglans regia) oil. Monocyclopropane acids: methyl 9-cyclopropyl-nonanoate, 6,7-methylene-, 8,9-methylene-, 9,10-methylene-, 11,12-methylene octadecanoates, and dicyclic acid - methyl 9,10,12,13-dimet...

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Majorana syriaca (Zaatar in Arabic), belonging to the mint family, Labiates, is cultivated widely and grows wild in the mountains of Palestine between the months April to August. In order to determine the secondary metabolites from wild leaves of Palestinian M. syriaca, comparative analysis by static headspace (HS) and steam distillation (SD) GC-MS...

Při pohledu na záplavu současné odborné literatury se zdá, že doba, kdy důležitá témata bývala důkladně monograficky zpracovávána, pominula. Vše se chrlí jaksi sériově, lhůty krátké, výsledky pomíjivé. Než kniha vyjde, většinou už je zastaralá. Dílo, které držíte v ruce, je však svým zaměřením, rozsahem, zpracováním a způsobem uchopení tématu zcela...

Fatty acid and lipid compositions from different tissues of Galilee Sardine important in the diet of East Mediterranean inhabitants were examined. More than 50 fatty acids were detected in freshwater fish sardines ( Mirogrex terraesanctae ). The muscles of this fish contained a high level of omega‐3 fatty acids. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Sardines are...

Novel eight-membered heterocycles, named hicksoanes A–C, were isolated from the gorgonian Subergorgia hicksoni. Their structures, including the absolute configuration of all three stereocenters, were determined by means of extensive spectroscopic data. Hicksoanes have a unique structure containing a triazocane cycle, which is substituted by isoleuc...