Lukyan Anatychuk

National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine | ISP · Institute of Thermoelectricity under NAS and MES of Ukraine

The paper presents the results of the development of a thermoelectric device in the form of a monocular dressing for contact cooling of the human eye through the eyelids. The developed device allows controlled local contact cooling of the eye structures through the eyelids and is designed to treat the acute and chronic eye diseases, reduce intraocu...

Background: Heat exchange characteristics include not only temperatures and temperature distribution, but also heat flux (HF). Purpose: To examine temperature of and density of HF from the ocular surface in the eyes of patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR). Material and Methods: Sixty-two patients (123 eyes) with DR were under observation. Of the...

The theoretical aspects of evaluating the electrical resistance of a thermoelectric leg–metal contact are considered. A physical model of such a contact and methods for calculating the main components of the contact resistivity, namely, the resistivity of the interfacial layer and the resistivity related to the transfer of charge carriers through a...

Background: Assessment of heat exchange processes in the human body is based on temperature and heat flux measurements. Today, there is no instrument for measuring the heat flux density from the eye. Purpose: To investigate the heat flux density from the ocular surface in healthy individuals using the developed thermoelectric device. Materials and...

Background: Intraoperative intraocular media and irrigation fluid temperature monitoring is not performed during vitreoretinal surgery in current clinical practice. Purpose: To investigate intraoperative changes in intraocular temperature at the major steps of vitreoretinal surgery with irrigating solutions differing in temperature. Materials and M...

The physical model of the thermoelement in the unsteady cooling mode is considered. The heat capacity of the cooling object and the connecting and insulating plates, the heat load, the heat exchange with the ambient, the release of the Joule heat due to the presence of contact resistance between the thermoelectric material and the metallic connecti...

This paper presents the results of computer simulation of optimal dynamic modes of thermoelectric device for cryodestruction. The optimal time function for controlling the supply current to thermoelectric micromodule in a device for cryodestruction is determined, which ensures given cyclic temperature effect on the local area of human body.

The paper presents a thermoelectric device capable of simultaneously measuring the temperature and density of heat fluxes on the surface of a human body with the help of a developed thermoelectric sensor with a thermostated free surface, thus excluding the effect of ambient temperature on the sensor readings. A special computer programme has been d...

Micro- and nano-structural organization and its influence on the efficiency of catalysts used in the heat sources for permeable thermoelectric generators were investigated. Two types of catalyst were studied-elemental platinum on aluminum oxide granulate Pt/Al2O3 and mixed transition-metal catalyst on fibrous silicon dioxide Co-Cr-Pd-Sr/SiO2. The d...

This paper describes the method for elimination of the influence of the Peltier effect when measuring the electrical conductivity of thermoelectric materials by two-probe method by compensation of the Peltier cooling effect by the heat of electric heater. The results of computer studies of the effectiveness of using such method and possible errors...

The paper presents the results of calculations of the limiting possibilities of thermoelectric liquid-liquid heat pumps, in particular, for their use as a high-performance heater for a space-purpose water purifying device. Bibl. 9, Fig. 2.

The paper presents the results of computer simulation of thermal processes in human eye. The schematic, mathematical and computer models of human eye were built with regard to its thermophysical features, blood circulation, metabolic and heat exchange processes. The patterns of temperature distribution in different segments of human eye at controll...

The paper presents the results of development of a thermoelectric device intended for simultaneous measurement of temperature and heat flow density on the surface of the human body by contact method. A specialized computer program "TermoMonitor" was developed for processing measurement results, their accumulation and reproduction in given form on a...

Based on the elaborated design of thermoelectric liquid-liquid heat pump, its experimental prototype was manufactured and a series of tests was performed. The characteristics of thermoelectric heat pump under study were compared to its analogs and the results of computer design. Bibl. 7, Fig. 3, Table 1.

Obtaining improved functional thermoelectric materials and near-contact structures of increased service life for thermoelectric devices with a long-term operation under extreme conditions, including in space environment, requires thorough study of generalized time functions of temperature, mechanical and other effects during long-term operation of...

This paper studies the possibility of using human heat for power supply to low-power medical equipment through the example of a wrist-wearable thermoelectric bracelet. A thermoelectric microgenerator for such a bracelet was designed and developed. The design, technical characteristics and results of experimental test of the developed thermoelectric...

In this paper, the physical, mathematical and computer models of local thermal effect on human skin are constructed. Temperature distributions in different skin layers are determined for cooling mode. The results obtained allow optimization of a working tool of device for treatment of skin diseases in order to ensure the necessary depth of freezing...

The paper presents the results of calculations of the influence of quality of heat exchange system on the properties of thermoelectric liquid-liquid heat pumps, in particular, for their use as a high-performance heater for a space-purpose water purifying device. Bibl. 7, Fig. 2.

Validation of waste water recovery and purification takes its place among the problems to be solved in long-term human space missions. Implementation of vacuum rotary distillation (VRD) is the most promising method of getting high quality water. This method gives a high degree of residue concentration in comparison with other technologies (reverse...

The results of design and research on a thermoelectric generator of rated power 10W using the heat of heated surfaces are presented. The physical and computer model of the generator is considered, the specific construction that implements the proposed model is described. The basic characteristics of the developed thermogenerator are presented. The...

This paper presents the results of research on the coefficient of performance of thermoelectric liquid-liquid heat pump with regard to energy loss for heat carrier transfer, in particular, for its use as a high-performance heater for space –purpose water regeneration device. Bibl. 9, Fig. 2. © Institute of Thermoelectricity, Academy of Sciences and...

Analysis of current status and prospects of physical and computer models of degradation of thermoelectric materials and near-contact structures is carried out. Classification of available computer technologies is developed, the relevant lines of their use for the research and development of reliable thermoelectric modules are considered. Bibl. 102,...

The paper presents the results of computer simulation of optimal dynamic operating modes of thermoelectric device for treatment of skin diseases. With the aid of COMSOL Multiphysics software package, computer simulation was performed and temperature distributions in human skin due to cooling effect were obtained. Optimal time control functions of t...

The paper presents the results of computer simulation of optimal dynamic operating modes of thermoelectric reflexotherapy device. Optimal time function of control of power supply current to thermoelectric micromodules in the multichannel reflexotherapy device was determined which ensures given cyclic temperature influence on the bioactive points of...

Purpose To study ocular temperature distribution in the rabbit in dependence on ambient temperature in experiment. Methods To measure ocular temperature a thermoelectric device was developed; the latter consisted of a temperature recording microprocessor module, polytetrafluoroethylene microprobes (diameter – 0.6 mm) with thermocouple sensors, com...

The results of computer simulation of thermoelectric generators (TEG) using the exhaust heat of internal combustion engines were presented. The simulation was done with regard to dynamic modes of engine operation on the basis of real records of monitoring system with the use of real parameters of thermoelectric modules. © Institute of Thermoelectri...

We consider a physical model of thermoelement in the unsteady-state cooling mode, on the cold surface of which account is taken of the volumetric heat capacity of connecting and insulating plates, heat release of the object, heat exchange with the environment, the Joule heat release on the contact resistances between thermoelectric material and met...

The results of development of the calibration bench for thermoelectric converters of the heat flux as well as their metrological characteristics analysis are provided in this paper. The calibration methods for one and two converters at a time were developed. The thermoelectric converter of a new type with simultaneous temperature and the heat flux...

The paper presents the results of comparative analysis of thermoelectric and compression heat pumps for their use in human air conditioners at elevated ambient temperatures. © Institute of Thermoelectricity, Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education and Science, Ukraine, 2016.

The present paper gives the results of development of technology for manufacturing thermoelectric microthermopiles which simplifies considerably and mechanizes the method for manufacturing thermoelectric heat flux sensors and microgenerators for power supply to low-power medical equipment. It was established that proposed technology reduces the per...

The problem of heat recovery from cogeneration installations using thermoelectric generators is of great interest due to steady-state operation of the installations. A theoretical basis for the design of thermoelectric generators used for cogeneration installations has been formed. Fundamental relations used for estimation of the electrical power a...

The results of computer simulation of the equipment for measuring of the electric conductivity, thermoEMF coefficient and thermal conductivity of materials, as well as direct measuring the figure of merit Z, are given in the present paper. The design of the measurement unit is optimized to minimize systematic errors. Original methods of suppression...

This paper presents the results of development and experimental research on a multi-channel thermoelectric device intended for measurement of intraocular temperature. The operating principle, design and technical characteristics of such device, as well as its advantages over known world analogs are given. The method for the intraocular introduction...

Results are presented on creation of novel methods for reduction of errors in measured properties of thermoelectric materials obtained by using object-oriented computer simulation for study of real physical models of the absolute method. The effects of radiation, heat losses along the electrodes, design elements of the measurement setup, non-dot-ma...

To reduce the influence of the Thomson effect, computer models of thermoelectric measuring converters based on thermopiles with a small number of thermocouples have been constructed. The temperature distribution was studied in a converter heater with a nonuniform arrangement of thermocouples and in a heater with variable heat release along its leng...

This work reports on the results of theoretical and experimental research of short-circuited thermoelements (SCTE). Computer simulation was used to obtain the electric potential, current, and temperature distributions in the bulk of thermoelements. Computer optimization of such a thermoelement design was carried out to achieve maximum transverse th...

In this paper, we study a thermoelement used to cool liquid or gas fluxes that pass through legs consisting of permeable segments of thermoelectric materials connected in series. Methods for theoretical calculations and optimization of the thermoelement’s energy characteristics are presented based on mathematical optimal control theory and computer...

Step-by-step control is very important in the manufacturing of thermoelectric generators and cooling modules. Of key importance is quality control of thermoelectric material rods, and discs cut from such rods. This work describes two installations for measuring the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity of rods, as w...

The specific operating conditions of thermoelectric generators in vehicles determine the requirements for thermoelectric materials used in them. The present work analyzes which materials are the most suitable for solving the task of heat recovery from internal combustion engines. Requirements for such materials and optimization of thermoelectric mo...

This work analyzes the approaches that had led to the discovery of thermoelectricity and a generalized approach in the description of thermoelectric power conversion based on the induction of thermoelectric currents. Possibilities of thermal generators contribution to “green” technologies, in particular, to waste heat recovery from heat engines are...

The work discusses new approaches to determination of thermoelectric material properties based on Harman's method. New measurement methods are proposed, analysis of errors is made and methods of their instrumental determination are developed. Examples of precise measurement of thermoelectric material properties are given.

Results of development of a thermoelectric device that enables controlled cyclic temperature impact on the damaged area of human organism are presented. Unlike the existing medical devices employing direct supply current for thermoelectric module, the present device controls supply current according to time dependence of temperature change assigned...

Results of computer simulation of thermoelectric generators (TEG) using the exhaust heat of internal combustion engines are presented. Sectionalized generator schematics whereby maximum efficiency is achieved for cases of real temperature dependences of the most suitable thermoelectric materials are considered. A model optimized for minimum cost is...

Thermoelectric converters of alternating current remain priority instruments when creating standard equipment. This work presents the results of design and manufacture of alternating current converter for a military standard of alternating current in Ukraine. Results of simulation of temperature distribution in converter elements, ways of optimizat...

The results of calculation of thermoelectric generator efficiency with regard to the effect of heat exchange system are given. Optimal parameters of heat exchange system for achieving the highest efficiency are determined.

Results of computer simulation of thermoelectric generators (TEG) using waste heat from petrol internal combustion engines are presented. The simulation was done with regard to dynamic operating conditions of engine for real temperature dependences of thermoelectric material parameters. Results of experimental investigations of a generator using wa...

The results of computer simulation of thermoelectric generator module for waste heat recovery are presented. The effect of module construction on its energy and economic parameters is analyzed. Possibilities for the reduction of specific cost of modules are considered.

This paper presents the results of computer research into the effect of thermoelectric heat meter on the accuracy of human heat release measurement. It was established that the effect of thermoelectric heat on human heat release measurement can be minimized on condition of equality of heat exchange coefficients α1, α2 and emissivity coefficients ε1...

The results of the investigation for the creation of a small-size thermoelectric current source of single action for self-contained control systems of various electronic devices are presented.

In this paper, we present the results of computer simulation of a radiation heat exchange between the structural members of measuring setup and the sample when determining the thermal conductivity by the absolute method. Errors due to radiation are determined depending on the emissvity factors of the sample, radiation screen, sample heaters, screen...

Computer model of measuring thermoelectric coefficient using the hot probe method has been created that permits to investigate measurement errors caused by eddy currents, sample thermal conductivity and the tip end diameter.

Results of research on the design of permeable planar thermoelement used for cooling and heating of gas and liquid fluxes are presented. Procedure of experimental determination of thermoelement parameters in air cooling and heating mode is described. The values of energy characteristics of thermoelement based on Bi-Te-Se-Sb semiconductor materials...

Results of research and development of a 1W thermoelectric generator for cell phones are presented. A physical model of the generator with catalytic combustion of gas fuel is proposed. A computer simulation method is used to determine the optimal parameters of the thermopile, catalytic heat source, and microgenerator heat rejection system whereby t...

Results of computer simulation research on the short-circuited thermoelement (SCTE) with slanted shorting in cooling mode are presented. The distribution of physical fields in the thermoelement was obtained, enabling determination of the basic energy parameters of the SCTE for different numbers of shorting conductors, cross-sectional area, and orie...

This paper describes the development and testing of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) using the exhaust heat of a 50-kW stationary diesel power plant. The generator consists of six units that represent primary generators for each diesel engine cylinder. Each primary generator comprises five sections with gas heat exchangers, thermoelectric modules,...

The general physical laws for reaching the maximum efficiency of a generator using vehicular exhaust heat have been studied. Based on the physical models of a generator with lumped and distributed parameters, the optimal gas temperature at the outlet of the thermoelectric generator (TEG) and the optimal distribution of gas temperature in the heat e...

Classical thermoelectricity is based on the use of the Seebeck and Thomson effects that occur in the near-contact areas between n- and p-type materials. A conceptually different approach to thermoelectric power converter design that is based on the law of thermoelectric induction of currents is also known. The efficiency of this approach has alread...

Results of design and experimental studies aimed at developing a milliwatt-power radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) based on plutonium-238 for space power are considered and analyzed. Milliwatt-power RTGs based on plutonium-238 are completely self-contained electric power sources offering a long proven service lifetime (>15years) and high...

Measuring converters have been developed based on Bi2Te3 solid solutions optimized for temperature and temporal stability of the basic thermoelectric parameters (thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and the Seebeck coefficient). Semiconductor material was grown by the vertical zone melting method. High efficiency of the optimized semicond...

Equipment for measuring parameters of thermoelectric generator modules in the temperature range from 30°C to 600°C, and in the expanded range to 800°C, has been developed. To determine module efficiency, the equipment employs a direct heat flux measurement using heat meters. Steps to minimize measurement errors were taken in the development. This e...

The anisotropic thermoelement (AT) has been studied in generation and cooling modes. A procedure to account for temperature dependences of material kinetic coefficients has been elaborated. The distributions of physical fields in the anisotropic thermoelement have been found. The efficiency and electromotive force (EMF) of the anisotropic thermoele...

Previously, the Institute of Thermoelectricity has created Bi2Te3-based modules with an efficiency of ~7% in the temperature range of 30°C to 300°C, with legs that employed homogeneous thermoelectric materials. Herein, we present the results of development of such modules with legs made of inhomogeneous materials. Based on the theory of optimal con...

One of the main trends of the thermoelectric instrument-making development is the microminiaturization of instruments and devices. Thermoelectric converter compactness is achieved by this. As thermoelement geometric dimentions reduce, temperature gradients in materials increase. From this it follows the research problem directed at the investigatio...

A chapter represents the results of the studies and developments of thermoelectricgenerators (TEGs) that convert heat from gaseous and liquid organic fuel combustion intoelectric energy. These electric power sources are widely used in nation's economy. Astriking example of such application is the provision of trunk gas and oil pipelines withsuch ge...

The results of computer simulation and thermoelectric radiation detectors design on the basis of anisotropic, short-circuited, and thermocouple power converters are given. Detectors design is performed by means of object-oriented programming. Detector models are prepared with receiving pads ranging from 5×5 to 20×20 mm and volt/watt sensitivity up...

Experimental development results of a large-size thermoelectric cooling module with heat pipes, which is capable of providing a thermal stabilization of electronic components of heightened power, are presented. The application of such assemblies of large-size modules and flat heat pipes allows us to meet the challenges of heat removal under increas...

Experimental development results of a large-size thermoelectric cooling module with heat pipes, which is capable of providing a thermal stabilization of electronic components of heightened power, are presented. The application of such assemblies of large-size modules and flat heat pipes allows us to meet the challenges of heat removal under increas...

Fundamental consideration of the law of thermoelectric induction is presented. The concept of similarity between the law of thermoelectric induction in electricity and Faraday’s law in electrical engineering is considered. Theoretical foundations for the use of the law of thermoelectric induction are discussed. Computer methods for the discovery of...

The short-circuited thermoelement (SCTE) with slanted shorting was studied in electric power generation mode by means of computer simulation. The basic power characteristics and the distribution of physical fields in the thermoelement were obtained. The transverse thermo-electromotive force (EMF) and efficiency of the SCTE were studied as functions...

This paper analyzes the current status and anticipated trends in using catalysts for the production of ecologically clean thermal and electrical energy. Peculiarities of catalytic heat sources in thermogenerators and basic approaches for widening the scope of their application are discussed. KeywordsHeat source-catalytic generator-organic fuel

The use of thermoelectric generators (TEGs) in heating systems enables autonomous supply of power to automatic safety devices, creation of optimized gas mixtures, and automation and precise temperature control of exhaust gas and heat carriers. It is particularly important to make heating systems independent of the district electric grid. Results of...

Showing results of computer optimization design of large thermoelectric cooling module with heat pipes that can provide thermal stabilization of electronic units increased power. Показані результати комп’ютерної оптимізації для розробки великогабаритного термоелектричного модуля охолодження з тепловими трубами, здатного забезпечити термостабілізаці...

Physical factors affecting the efficiency of segmented generator thermoelements are analyzed. The optimal control theory are used for development of a sufficiently precise method for a computerize design of generator modules of segmented thermoelements. The optimal thermoelectric parameters of BiTe-based materials for single- and double-segmented t...

Physical model of cooling thermoelement with a developed heat exchange system is described. Theory of calculation and computer methods to seek for optimal functions of the legs material inhomogeneity combined with a search for optimal parameters (electric current density, heat consumption) under which thermodynamic efficiency of power conversion wi...

The methods of optimal control theory are used for the development of a sufficiently precise technique for a computerized design of segmented thermoelectric coolers. The optimal parameter values of BiTe-based materials for thermoelectric coolers with single-, double-, three-segmented legs are calculated in the paper.The possibility of increasing ma...

Efficiency and methods for improving the life and cyclic stability of thermoelectric modules for gas-fueled generators are studied. Constructions and basic characteristics of single-and double-stage modules made of different materials are described. Advantages of the elaborated modules over the existing world analogs are demonstrated.

The methods of optimal control theory are used for the development of a technique for a computerized design of cooling modules of segmented thermoelements under maximum coefficient of performance. The possibility of increasing maximum coefficient of performance of such modules is investigated. An example of module design of double-segmented legs is...

Functionally graded thermoelectric material (FGTM) is considered as one of the promising ways to improve the efficiency of thermoelectric energy conversion. Physical peculiarities of FGTM that consist in the use of not only contact, but also bulk thermoelectric effects originating in the inhomogeneous materials are described. The methods for findin...

Generalization of the Maxwell's equations for nonisothermal processes leads to the generalization of the Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and, as a consequence, to the law of thermoelectric induction of currents. Using the law of thermoelectric induction allows to describe within the uniform treatment the processes of thermoelectric energ...

The results of development of methods for design of micro calorimeters with ultimate characteristics are given. The structure of such micro calorimeters is described. The information on optimal reaction chambers, balancing units, thermal stabilization system is provided. Special emphasis is given to eddy thermopiles based on the effect of originati...

The results of studying possible use of heat flows in soils for electric energy generation by thermoelectric generators (TEG) are given. The relations for TEG power depending on its geometry and the depth of its occurrence in soil were derived. Optimization of TEG by matching its thermal and physical characteristics to soil characteristics was made...

The possibilities for improvement in reliability of multielement thermopiles with redundancy of their legs by resistive elements were studied. The results of development of particularly reliable microthermopiles for thermal generators with radioisotopic heat source are presented. The characteristics of microthermopiles are given.

Based on the method of generalized thermoelectric energy conversion a new thermoelement type was created utilizing the generation of eddy thermoelectric currents in gyrotropic thermoelectric medium. Computer modeling methods were used to find optimal distributions of eddy thermoelectric current, as well as electric potential and temperature distrib...

Permeable thermoelement based on the use of heat transfer by liquids or gases passing through thermoelement legs is investigated. The results of calculation and optimization of basic parameters based on optimal control theory and computer modeling methods are presented. The advantages of permeable thermoelements over conventional ones containing le...

Thermoelectric Thomson relations interrelating the Seebeck, Peltier and Thomson coefficients were generalized for anisotropic thermoelectric media in magnetic field with regard for possible Umkehr effect. From the restrictions imposed by space and time symmetry on the properties of anisotropic media in magnetic field it was shown that the first Tho...

Based on the methods of generalized theory of thermoelectric energy conversion a new thermoelement type was designed that employs eddy thermoelectric currents passing in zone-inhomogeneous media. The distribution of eddy currents in zone-inhomogeneous medium, conditions of their removal to external electric circuit, as well as construction on their...

The results of computer investigation into mechanical stresses arising in thermoelectric cooling modules under cyclic conditions are given. A method of ultrasonic investigation was used to determine the tensor of elastic constants of Bi2Te3 based material. The limits of elastic and plastic deformation in these materials were found. Computer design...

The results of computer optimization, development and investigation of enhanced efficiency thermoelectric "liquid-liquid" system designed for operation in water recovery device on piloted space vehicles are presented.