Luisa Mich

Università degli Studi di Trento | UNITN

Web reputation plays a critical role for companies and organizations, impacting their competitive positions and ultimately their success and survival on the market. User-generated content published on a variety of so-called Web 2.0 Websites are dramatically changing power relationships in business. Customers use more and more other customers' judgm...

The opportunity to automate and monitor the execution of legal contracts is gaining increasing interest in Business and Academia, thanks to the advent of smart contracts, blockchain technologies and the Internet of Things. A critical issue in developing smart contract systems is the formalization of legal contracts, which are traditionally expresse...

Many researchers and institutions in the field of education are striving to align the different levels of the education system to the growing needs and requirements of society. A meaningful part of these attempts has been concentrated on a systematic introduction of the competence-based education approach. Some countries adopted it and reshaped the...

The aim of the research is to semi-automate the process of generating formal specifications from legal contracts in natural language text form. Towards this end, the paper presents a tool, named ContrattoA, that semi-automatically conducts semantic annotation of legal contract text using an ontology for legal contracts. ContrattoA was developed thr...

Context: Requirement elicitation can be done by individuals or by groups. Computer-based system development life-cycle models suggest having people working together for many steps. Also, recommendations about analysis and design methods indicate that some processes could take advantage of group work. In requirements engineering, groups are suggeste...

The interest around the conversational system ChatGPT has exploded since OpenAI launched the GPT-3 prototype at the end of November 2022. Applications of ChatGPT could be disruptive for the digital transformation processes, challenging societies, companies, and people in a possibly unprecedented way. Alongside remarkable performances, there are ris...

Purpose The increasingly competitive hotel industry and emerging customer trends where guests are more discerning and want a personalized experience has led to the need of innovative applications. Personalization is much more important for hotels, especially now in the post-COVID lockdown era, as it challenges their business model. However, persona...

RCIS 2022 (16th International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science)

Classical definitions of Artificial Intelligence (AI) date back to the 1950s, all including the concept that AI can enable computers to accomplish intelligent tasks and activities, i.e., requiring human-level intelligence. Given the difficulties in defining human intelligence, a more operational definition refers to the abilities and capabilities A...

Thanks to more powerful hardware and a new generation of learning algorithms, artificial intelligence is supporting the automation of a number of tasks and activities that are changing the job landscape as much as they have impacted on our everyday life. The first part of the chapter introduces artificial intelligence from its origins: its definiti...

Tourism ecosystems emergencies and crises are most often due to problems related to overtourism. Overtourism appears in many forms, almost all linked to the presence and movements of more tourists than a particular destination can cope with comfortably. The management of tourist flows, through measures that mitigate and change these flows, has thus...

Tourism is a highly complex phenomenon, the subject of analysis by numerous scholars and practitioners in the field. In this book we assume that dealing with such complexity requires a systemic approach, and a particular focus on the networks connecting physical and virtual elements within tourism destinations. Tourism destinations epitomise ecosys...

Il comparto alberghiero ricopre un ruolo centrale nel settore turistico. Fondamentale è quindi il contributo delle strutture alberghiere alla costruzione dell’immagine di una destinazione come sostenibile, in cui si privilegiano scelte, azioni, iniziative e piani coerenti con gli obiettivi della sostenibilità. Il presente lavoro affronta il tema de...

Smart contracts are software systems that partially automate, monitor and control the execution of legal contracts. The requirements of such systems consist of a formal specification of the legal contract whose execution is to be monitored and controlled. Legal contracts are always available as text expressed in natural language. We have been worki...

Creativity and creativity techniques are relevant for requirements elicitation. There are many different creativity techniques, but these techniques are not used as widely as expected. To investigate the reasons for this situation, we assumed the viewpoint of a requirements engineer looking for decision-making guidelines to facilitate the choice am...

Hotel rooms offer a range of amenities as part of a hotel’s product offering and these can impact a guests’ booking decisions. The paper provides an understanding of hotel room facilities and attributes through exploration of room offerings by hotel chains. We examined some of the rooms of 155 top global hotel chains websites in order to determine...

In line with the goal of promoting interoperability among applications, ontology reuse is an encouraged practice. Selecting appropriate ontologies for reuse when constructing a domain ontology is a critical activity. It calls for the use of formal methodologies and quality metrics in order to provide a comprehensive rationale for the selection proc...

We are interested in semi-automating the process of generating a formal specification from a legal contract in natural language text form. Towards this end, we present a tool, named ContracT, that annotates legal contract text using an ontology for legal contracts. In the last part of the paper, we present results from a preliminary empirical evalu...

The book is a sound historical and scientific introduction to designing and conducting research studies for tourism and hospitality. Through a self-explanatory structure and a plain language, the authors suggest a rigorous method to address the challenges related to such studies.

L’overtourism si presenta sotto molte forme, quasi tutte collegate alla presenza e ai movimenti di un numero di turisti non compatibili con le caratteristiche della destinazione. Un obiettivo condiviso da molte delle strategie suggerite per affrontare i problemi causati dall’overtourism è quindi la gestione dei flussi turistici, per mettere in atto...

The Dolomites are a UNESCO site, and probably the most beautiful mountain system in the world. Their mountain huts, particularly those along the Alta Via 1 Dolomiti (a 150-kilometre-long high-level trail), provide Alpine lovers with accommodation and assistance. Though internationally renowned, and despite their role in Italian tourism, the mountai...

Recent advances in artificial intelligence raise a number of concerns. Among the challenges to be addressed by researchers, accountability of artificial intelligence solutions is one of the most critical. This paper focuses on artificial intelligence applications using natural language to investigate if the core semantics defined for a large-scale...

The Elementary Pragmatic Model Creativity Technique, a.k.a EPM-create, is a method for creative requirements discovery. It includes 16 steps corresponding to all the combinations of two stakeholders' viewpoints. The feasibility and effectiveness of the 16-step process have been confirmed by a number of experiments. The need to reduce the number of...

“Networks” has become a buzzword. Yet a network approach to everything has its theoretical basis. House Museums have their official global “network”: DemHist. But networks may refer to something more specific in digital times. How do House Museums actually manage their web networks?

Context and motivation] The Elementary Pragmatic Model Creativity Technique, a.k.a EPMcreate, is a method for creative requirements discovery. It includes 16 steps corresponding to all the possible combinations of two classes of stakeholders' viewpoints. The feasibility and effectiveness of the full 16-step process have been confirmed by a number o...

Student projects are core activities for a project-based learning approach. However, introducing projects in classes does not automatically imply the adoption of such a method. In this paper we propose a scheme as a tool to analyse if and how much student projects are introduced and realised according to a project-based learning method. As part of...

Natural language processing has been proposed and applied to support a variety of tasks in requirements engineering. While shallow semantic allows to address many of the challenges, to further automatize requirements analysis a full understanding of textual requirements is needed. To this end, the future generation of natural language processing sy...

The widespread adoption of mobile phones has brought an increasing interest in the development of mobile applications for higher education. In this paper we examine the use of mobile applications in university education, focusing on Kenya, a leading country in mobile services. The main goal is to investigate if university students are using or woul...

Computational complexity is regarded by many Computer Science students as extremely difficult and as a topic to be avoided. However, the concepts of an algorithm and of computational complexity as a means of characterizing the resource consumption of algorithms are fundamental in Computer Science and are included in all curricula for it. To better...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is fascinating a discipline and research field. It dates back to the beginning of the second half of the last century and was developed with a view to creating intelligent agents mimicking human intelligence. The initial enthusiasm soon partially faded, given the under-evaluated difficulties in dealing with intelligent...

The competence-based approach to education has been found to be effective for teaching. Introduced in Italian secondary schools in 2010 by the Ministry for Education, it has hardly had a real adoption. The paper illustrates a study whose goal is to find elective ways to support the adoption of the competence-based approach in the Italian secondary...

Creativity is often needed in requirements elicitation, i.e., generating ideas for requirements, and therefore, techniques to enhance creativity are believed to be useful. How does the size of a group using the Power-Only EPMcreate (POEPMcreate) creativity enhancement technique affect the group’s and each member of the group’s effectiveness in gene...

Italian Opera is renowned the world over. It has recently been proposed for nomination to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity and still, though confronted with sustainability issues, cooperates in typifying Italy as a cultural tourism destination. This paper focuses on Italian Opera Houses, comparing their mobile...

EPMcreate is a creativity technique for requirements elicitation based on a 16-step process. These steps suggest focusing on requirements related to every combination of two different target users or viewpoints. A series of experiments confirmed its feasibility; its applicability, both as individual and group technique; and its greater effectivenes...

Dati sul ”contesto” web per le destinazioni turistiche territoriali e proposta di un approccio sistemico e sistematico

We present the GaiusT 2.0 framework for annotating legal documents. The framework was designed and implemented as a web-based system to semi-automate the extraction of legal concepts from text. In requirements analysis these concepts can be used to identify requirements a software system has to fulfil to comply with a law or regulation. The analysi...

Internet offre un insieme molto diversificato di strumenti e servizi per le attività di destination marketing. La loro importanza è cresciuta con l’aumento di coloro che leggono la posta elettronica, compiono ricerche online, contribuiscono ai blog, partecipano ai social network e creano relazioni online. I contenuti di questo capitolo aiutano a ri...

Semantic annotation technologies support the extraction of legal concepts, for example rights and obligations, from legal documents. For software engineers, the final goal is to identify compliance requirements a software system has to fulfill in order to comply with a law or regulation. That implies analyzing and annotating legal documents in pres...

This paper describes several traditional algorithms for making Chi- nese and Italian noodles and classifies each according to its computational com- plexity. It examines machines for doing each algorithm. It cites a world speed record for making a large number of noodles using the algorithm with the max- imal complexity. It dissects mysteries about...

Many destinations rely on their flagship museums as tourist attractions, and Italy, which boasts gems like the Uffizi or the Vatican Museums, can count on some of the world’s most outstanding art collections. The Web, however, does not appear to be fully exploited under this respect. This paper investigates the web presence of some of the most visi...

Many destinations rely on their flagship museums as tourist attractions, and Italy, which boasts gems such as the Uffizi or the Vatican Museums, can count on some of the world’s most outstanding art collections. The Web, however, does not appear to be fully exploited under this respect. This paper addresses the topic from a qualitative point of vie...

To enable a more effective process of learning and teaching, the ped- agogic research and many educational institutions suggest an approach by com- petence. This approach is not yet widespread in the classes of Computer Sci- ence. This paper describes a study on Computer Science competences in Italian secondary schools. The study is the first step...

Social networking websites play an increasingly important role in hotel promotion and marketing. However, designing effective social networks profiles still presents quite a challenge. To support the development of quality hotels’ profiles, we introduce a systematic approach based on an evaluation model that includes a number of heuristic factors a...

Many educational systems adopt the competence-based approach, with the aim of enabling a more effective learning process. As a consequence, many definitions have been conceived, at different levels and in different countries, both of general competences for common citizens, and of specific competences, related to individual disciplines, as computer...

Ensuring compliance of software systems with government regulations, policies, and laws is a complex problem. Generally speaking, solutions to the problem first identify rights and obligations defined in the law and then treat these as requirements for the system under design. This work examines the challenge of developing tool support for extracti...

A practicing business or requirements analyst (BoRA) often uses a creativity technique to help generate innovative ideas for requirements of computer-based systems. The most popular of these creativity techniques is brainstorming [Osborn]. One question that can be asked about these techniques is “What is the optimal size for a group of BoRAs using...

Molte delle città italiane possiedono numerose risorse culturali. Tuttavia, non tutte sono conosciute come mète turistiche culturali. Esiste quindi un’asimmetria tra un patrimonio oggettivo spesso di notevole interesse e quanto comunicato e percepito dal turista. Il ruolo della comunicazione online in questo contesto assume un peso sempre più rilev...

Publishing the presentation to get more filled-in questionnaires! http://bit.ly/1nUWLJ1 There is a paradox. many would like to know the results. But only a few answered More than 400 people saw a previous version on slideshare. Some 20 questionnaires needed to analyse and publish the results.

Usability as ease of use and learnability, is critical for systems supporting requirements elicitation for regulatory compliance. The main problem is that these systems have to analyze documents in a specialized natural language, a task that is far from being completely automated. Usability issues are also related to a variety of other characterist...

Requirements engineering (RE) often needs creativity in a form where interactions among stakeholders are particularly important: collaborative creativity. However, few studies have explicitly concentrated on understanding collaborative creativity in RE, resulting in a lack of well-founded advice for practitioners on how to support this aspect of RE...

Teaching requirements analysis to computer science and information system students raises a number of challenges. One of the most critical is the gap between skills needed to deal with software requirements and those necessary to grasp the business problems. To bridge that gap in teaching requirements analysis students would have to carry out an as...

Quality is a mainstream issue for Websites and Web-based systems. Analysts, designers and developers can choose from a variety of models and methods to design and evaluate quality Websites. However, our experience, both as users and professionals, is too often disappointing. Besides usability, the most known of the factors contributing to a Website...

L'Informatica è una disciplina che viene insegnata ormai da anni e a diversi livelli; con la diffusione di applicazioni di uso comune, la platea di coloro che si avvicinano all'apprendimento della materia si articola in diverse categorie. Qui si esamina il caso di chi studia informatica, anche se non è specialista di informatica, né intende diventa...

To evaluate the quality of the websites of the regional tourist boards was a main objective of a large triennial research project on tourism in the Alps started in 2000. In that context an in-depth evaluation of the official websites of the Alpine regions highlighted a number of best practices and critical issues as well. The evaluation model devel...

With the increasing uptake of websites by universities, competition is no longer limited to physical campuses but has also shifted online, where each university seeks to create a high quality website. Online promotion and communication is even more important for African universities, which are spread on large territories, as it presents an opportun...

In this paper we describe the architecture and application of GaiusT, a multi-phase framework for extracting requirements from legal documents. GaiusT aims to cover the extraction process from the very first steps, pre-processing the input texts and supporting structural and semantic annotation of legal documents. The annotated information is recor...

Requirements engineering (RE) often entails interdisciplinary groups of people working together to find novel and valuable solutions to a complex design problem. In such situations RE requires creativity in a form where interactions among stakeholders are particularly important: collaborative creativity. However, few studies have explicitly concent...

[Context] Creativity is often needed in requirements elicitation, i.e., generating ideas for requirements, and techniques to enhance creativity are believed to be useful. [Objective] How does the size of a group using POEPMcreate, an optimization of EPMcreate, affect the group’s and each member of the group’s effectiveness in generating requirement...

Introduction. A tourism destination website usually is a Business to Customer (B2C site), whose main target are the tourists. Websites can support all the core activities of a Tourism Destination. They are useful in all the areas of e-tourism and can be used for branding, promotion, and e-commerce. A destination can also create micro-sites or sub-s...

L'applicazione al turismo delle nuove tecnologie dell'informazione e della comunicazione sta offrendo agli operatori del settore turistico grandi opportunità in termini di promozione e commercializzazione, ma aumenta contestualmente la complessità dello scenario di riferimento. In particolare, nel processo di acquisto del prodotto turistico, intern...

Information processing and communication have been investigated in a large number of different disciplines: computer science, rhetoric, psychology, mathematics, sociology, anthropology, organizational economics, and many others. Information theory and communication theory as specific disciplines have drawn an increasing interest since the inception...

You are trying to develop your next innovative software system. Finding innovative requirement ideas for your innovative software system requires creativity. How do you encourage your analysts to be more creative, to think more out of the box for the innovative software system? Brainstorming for requirement ideas is a popular and effective method f...

Creativity is often needed in requirements elicitation, i.e., requirement idea generation; and techniques to enhance creativity are believed to be useful. This paper describes two controlled experiments to compare the requirements-elicitation effectiveness of three creativity enhancement techniques (CET): (1) full EPMcreate; (2) Power-Only EPMcreat...

Increasing success of social networks among users and widespread experiences of companies and organisations on Web 2.0 spaces, calls for flexible web presence strategies that are able to manage an increasing number of changes in technology and behavioural changes of users. The main challenge for Destination Management Organisations (DMOs) is to des...

Increasing success of social networks among users and widespread experiences of companies and organisations on Web 2.0 spaces, calls for flexible web presence strategies that are able to manage an increasing number of changes in technology and behavioural changes of users. The main challenge for Destination Management Organisations (DMOs) is to des...

Introduzione Gli obiettivi di valorizzazione del turismo culturale in una destinazione turistica comportano spesso investimenti notevoli. Un approccio strategico suggerisce che tali obiettivi dovrebbero essere accompagnati da una valutazione dell'impatto economico della fruizione dell'offerta turistica culturale. A supporto delle attività di valuta...

Presented at Industry and Innovation Focus, Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2012 - ENTER 2012, Helsinborg, Sweden, Jan. 25-27, 2012

This report gives an evaluation table developed in 2002 and the revisions to apply it in a study realised in 2012. The first table was published as an attachment to: Mich L., Franch M., Tourism Destinations and the Quality of Web Sites of Regional Tourist Boards in the Alps, in “eTourism Project Research areas and second-year results”, Quaderno DIS...

L’analisi della reputazione online per quanti operano nel settore del turismo sta diventando un’attività critica per il successo delle strategie di promozione e commercializzazione. La varietà dei siti web su cui gli utenti possono condividere esperienze ed opinioni e il peso che gli User Generated Content (UGC) pubblicati hanno nelle decisioni dei...

This paper presents the main results of an extensive monitoring exercise aimed at assessing the role of informatics education in Italian high schools. The investigation focused on the teaching and certification activities performed by the schools as well as on the role and use of information technologies for teaching and communications with the stu...

Per scoprire una destinazione, organizzare un viaggio, raccogliere e fornire spunti e suggestioni, è ormai consuetudine visitare il sito web della destinazione prescelta. Un’analisi su 15 Paesi europei evidenzia alcune buone pratiche e molte criticità.

Planning a comprehensive Web presence for a tourism destination is becoming more and more challenging. Beside traditional websites, tourism destinations have to define their presences on social network websites. Trends in tourist behaviours in respect of these networks show the importance of tourism destinations presences on them. However the fast...

To investigate successful web business models, an original multidimensional framework is defined and applied to a large number of web sites. The framework named BM*Web combines issues already present in existing schema describing business models, with innovative aspects that have not previously been taken into account in those combinations or which...

Questo articolo presenta i principali risultati di un’indagine condotta nelle Scuole Secondarie di secondo grado di otto Regioni. Allo scopo di ampliare e consolidare i risultati di una precedente indagine rivolta alle Scuole di tre Regioni – Lazio, Lombardia e Puglia – questa nuova indagine, relativa all’anno scolastico 2008-2009, ha coinvolto le...

Questo articolo presenta i principali risultati di un’indagine condotta nel 2010 e rivolta agli studenti delle Scuole Secondarie di secondo grado di alcune Regioni italiane, che durante i propri studi hanno conseguito la certificazione informatica ECDL presso un Test Center di una Scuola. In questa indagine, si è voluto integrare quanto rilevato ne...

Una delle domande più impellenti e complesse che le destinazioni turistiche si trovano ad affrontare riguarda la definizione di una strategia per la loro presenza online; si tratta di decidere quali spazi web includere, dove investire gli sforzi di progettazione e di aggiornamento per le attività di branding, di promozione e di commercializzazione...

Questo articolo presenta i risultati della seconda rilevazione condotta dall’Osservatorio su Formazione e Certificazione Informatica sulla diffusione delle attività di formazione e certificazione informatica nelle Scuole Secondarie di secondo grado di otto Regioni italiane, relativamente all’anno scolastico 2008-2009. (see http://osservatorio.conso...

L‘indagine, relativa all'anno solare 2008, ha messo in evidenza alcune interessanti tendenze sia in relazione all'attivazione dei progetti ECDL negli Atenei italiani che per quanto riguarda la loro applicazione all'accreditamento delle abilità informatiche di base. Si sono anche notate differenze nelle Facoltà appartenenti alle diverse Aree. Più in...

This paper provides a model to classify and analyze the different forms of presence on the Web for a company or an organization. In fact, beside the official websites, there are a variety of new `spaces' related to the so called Web 2.0 which can be included by managers in the company's strategy for a comprehensive Web presence. The suggested model...

Evaluation of the communicative efficacy of a website is important in the context of an organization communication strategy. To address this issue, we propose a systematic method and a tool that supports it. The tool is based on a general-purpose semantic annotation framework. The application and feasibility of the method are introduced through a c...

[Context and Motivation] Creativity is often needed in requirements elicitation, and techniques to enhance creativity are believed to be useful. [Question/Problem] This paper describes a controlled experiment to compare the requirements-elicitation effectiveness of three creativity enhancement techniques: (1) full EPMcreate; (2) Power-Only EPMcreat...

This paper describes a case study involving individuals from two distinct kinds of end-user stakeholders of a tourism Web site whose results support a conclusion that the EPMcreate creativity enhancement technique is effective when used by individuals, as opposed to groups, and when used by end-user stakeholders, as opposed to requirements analysts...

I contenuti di questo capitolo permettono di affrontare in modo sistematico i principali problemi relativi all’uso di Internet per il marketing delle destinazioni turistiche. In particolare, vuole aiutare: · Comprendere il ruolo e le potenzialità di Internet per il destination marketing, a partire dalle applicazioni più tradizionali a quelle più in...

Cultural events have taken on a growing role in territorial and tourist marketing of cities and destinations. Their planning is a fundamental process because they contribute to the tourist and economic development of the territory. Assessment of the economic effects of the events becomes, therefore, an important managerial instrument of planning an...

Modern organizations face the challenge of communicating their marketing strategies through the web, as well as traditional communication channels such as newspapers and television. In this context, evaluation of the communicative efficacy of websites becomes a “must“ for exploiting the power of such communication channels. In this article, we prop...

In questo lavoro si presenta un modello per la valutazione e il disegno della qualità dei siti Web degli Enti Comunali nel contesto della variegata normativa esistente. L’individuazione delle norme pertinenti rappresenta un passo critico per questo tipo di siti, poiché si va da leggi che riguardano la comunicazione generale della Pubblica Amministr...

Dopo aver studiato questo capitolo, gli studenti dovrebbero essere in grado di: • Impostare un progetto di valutazione dell’impatto economico di un evento culturale a partire dalle caratteristiche delle stesso e dell’offerta turistica della destinazione • Comprendere le finalità e le componenti di un sistema di action-tracking per la raccolta di da...

The consistent modeling of quality requirements for Web sites and applications at different stages of the life cycle is still a challenge to most Web engineering researchers and practitioners. In the present chapter, we propose an integrated approach to specify quality requirements to Web sites and applications. By extending the ISO 9126-1 quality...