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Publications (179)
This work focused on obtaining a porcelain stoneware body containing only Italian raw materials. The starting mixtures differed in the feldspathic fraction, one pumice-based and one lapillus-based. German ball clay was gradually replaced by Italian kaolinitic clay. The influence of Italian kaolinitic clay on the technical and aesthetic properties o...
Italian volcanic quarry scraps, with fine particle size and of little market interest, have been considered for the manufacturing of lightweight geopolymers and highly porous foams. Both powders have been alkali activated with NaOH solution at 8M and 3M, respectively.
Geopolymers were characterized in terms of density, porosity, humidity absorption...
The significant amount of heavy metals and soluble salts contained in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) and the corresponding risk of leaching make them classified as hazardous waste. Nowadays, the ashes are usually landfilled, but another application can be the inertization and valorization of MSWI FA in building materials. Geop...
Sustainable glasses were prepared by green technology including the use of different wastes as raw materials and concentrated solar power (CSP) as renewable energy. The raw materials used to formulate the glasses were animal bone flour ash, which presents high contents of CaO, P2O5 and alkaline oxides; glassy sand from the waste of packaging glass...
In this study, we compared the chemical-physical, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity
properties of silico-aluminous and silicate materials for outdoor (green roof, planted walls) and indoor (urban farms, indoor microgreen gardens) cultivation purposes in a context of sustainable construction. Glasses and lightweight aggregates were tailored starting f...
In Italy, the production of bottom ash from waste incineration was estimated as 1.6 million tons/year, corresponding to 30% of the total input waste. The bottom ash is mainly formed by SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, Na2O and low amount of heavy metals, therefore it cannot be considered a ‘non-hazardous’ waste. In this context, the aim of this work was to determ...
In this study RHA was used as silica source in the obtainment of clay bricks. Different compositions were prepared, substituting the clays with diverse percentages of RHA (0–20 wt%) and requested water contents. The pastes obtained were extruded in laboratory, dried and then fired in an industrial camera kiln. Technological tests were performed aft...
This paper exposes the research activities regarding REBAF (Energetic Recover of River Biomasses) project, focused on the maintenance operations self-sustainability of the Secchia river (Italy). Poplar was found as the most abundant and representative wood plant of Secchia riverbanks, with a good behavior during gasification process: from 1 hectare...
Glass with different chemical compositions, deriving from separate collection, has been used as fine aggregate to formulate cementitious mortars, substituting natural sand. Glass coming from cathode-ray tube monitors, fluorescent lamps, and crystal glass (from production of home décor items) along with glass deriving from soda-lime glass containers...
The main objective of this work was to study the sintering process and technological properties of new fired bricks based on high amount of post-treated municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash and refractory clay. In addition, the effect of the minor addition of flux (Na 2 CO 3 ) or reinforce (corundum) was also highlighted.
Several methods we...
This research was focused on the valorization of agro industrial waste/by products available in the local industry with the kilometer zero (km 0) concept, as a replacement of virgin raw materials (clay) to elaborate lightweight aggregates (LWAS). The alternative raw materials were employed as pore forming agent, in order to reduce sintering tempera...
Preliminary results on the production of new ceramic bricks by an innovative microwave-assisted sintering process employing MSWI bottom ashes are reported. Microwave heating technique was compared with a conventional thermal treatment with the aims to: (1) study the influence of heat treatment method on the crystallization behavior and on the micro...
The Framework Directive 2008/98/EC, implemented in Italy by Legislative Decree no. 205/2010, in addition to reporting specific criteria and targets, gave the impression of a new cultural attitude that offers the combination of sustainable use of resources coupled with sustainable management of waste. The adoption of the best available technologies...
A glass in the MgO–Na2O–Al2O3–SiO2 system was formulated using a non conventional silica source and other pure raw materials. The thermal stability and crystallization mechanism have been studied by means of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Besides, the glass ability to sinter-crystallization has been examined by Optical Dilatometry, a non-...
Alkali-activated concrete is considered a resource in sustainable waste management since it has been possible to design and use alumina and silica bearing wastes as matrices for inertization of hazardous compounds which might be contained in the waste. Also the waste can be added to the alkali-activated matrix to attain its solidification/stabiliza...
The aim of this study was the surface functionalization of a new green ceramic material, obtained using packaging glass waste (PGW), to improve its cleanability. This objective was reached through the deposition by air-brushing of a nanostructured coating based on titania–silica sol–gel suspension. The coatings were deposited on both glazed and ung...
This work investigates the effects of the structure, the bulk chemical composition and amount of the aluminosilicate fines on the strength development, pore refinement, water permeability, moisture control capacity and the microstructure of inorganic polymer concretes (IPC). The amorphous fines, one from pumice and another from recycled glass, pres...
Virgin inorganic raw materials can be partially replaced by glass waste in order to reduce
the environmental impact being its recycling a significant problem for municipalities worldwide. In
Italy in 2013, approximately 1,600,000 tons of container glass have been collected but it has not
been possible to recycle all of them in the glass melting pro...
This study is focused on the removal of leachable lead present in CRT (cathode ray tube) glass employing different chelating agents, NTA (nitrilotriacetic acid) and ATMP (amino trimetilen phosphonic acid), and then on the evaluation of their extractive capability. The operating conditions are the following: T=80°C, t=1h, pH=10, solid/liquid weight...
Recently several innovative suggestions on how industrial wastes can be utilised in new products have been presented in literature, e.g. as filler or additives in concrete, incorporated in ceramic materials to produce glass-ceramics and pavement construction. In this work, metallurgical materials from secondary aluminium scrap processing and glass...
Sustainable cements containing 25 wt% of different types of recycled glass have been investigated as a supplementary cementing material in order to highlight the role of glass chemical composition during the hardening process. Glass formers, stabilizers and modifiers regulate the glass dissolution in the alkaline environment during cement hydration...
tA class of inorganic binders, also known as geopolymers, can be obtained by alkali activation of alumi-nosilicate powders at room temperature. The process is affected by many parameters (curing time, curingtemperature, relative humidity etc.) and leads to a resistant matrix usable for inertization of hazardouswaste. In this study an industrial liq...
Glass foams obtained through the end of life fluorescent lamps recycle represent an interesting way for waste prevention and waste management developing potentially commercial products. The aim of the present project is to investigate the possibility to obtain glass foams using fluorescent lamps as glass matrix and egg shells as foaming agent repla...
In the present paper, bottom ashes from urban waste incineration were used as sole source material to develop geopolymers activated with alkali solution. This study intends to gather basic structural data on the synthesized materials at fixed curing times (3 h; 1, 4, 5, 7, 30 days; 20 months) by X-ray (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) ana...
Panel (P) and funnel (F) glasses from Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) have been used to obtain glass foams by a simple and economic processing route, consisting of direct heating the glass powders at relatively low temperatures (650–750 1C) using different foaming agents (FA) such as egg shells, calcite, dolomite. Mixtures in different proportions of P and...
The principal plant nutrients are phosphorous, nitrogen and potassium. Among these compounds, phosphorous is the most critical: it reacts rapidly, becoming an insoluble compound. The combination of zeolitites with phosphate materials (zeoponic substrate) agrees to a gradual and controlled phosphorous release in soils: phosphorous for plant uptake i...
Ladle slag (LS) and urban incineration bottom
ash (BA) are two types of non hazardous inorganic wastes
which do not contain significant amounts of pollutants such
as heavy metals and organics. Nowadays they are necessarily
disposed of with little attention placed for re-use or
recycling. Considering their chemical composition, rich in
silica and al...
Two new ceramic tile compositions based on 60 wt% secondary raw material (SRM) derived from pre-treated municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ashes and 40 wt% refractory clay were studied. The thermal and densification behaviours of the ceramic batches were evaluated by DTA/TG and dilatometric techniques, respectively. Sinterability was evaluate...
Two new ceramic tile compositions based on 60 wt% secondary raw material (SRM) derived from pre-treated municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ashes and 40 wt% refractory clay were studied. The thermal and densification behaviours of the ceramic batches were evaluated by DTA/TG and dilatometric techniques, respectively. Sinterability was evaluate...
Two new ceramic tile compositions based on 60 wt% secondary raw material (SRM) derived from pre-treated municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ashes and 40 wt% refractory clay were studied. The thermal and densification behaviours of the ceramic batches were evaluated by DTA/TG and dilatometric techniques, respectively. Sinterability was evaluate...
Two new ceramic tile compositions based on 60 wt% secondary raw material (SRM) derived from pre-treated municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ashes and 40 wt% refractory clay were studied. The thermal and densification behaviours of the ceramic batches were evaluated by DTA/TG and dilatometric techniques, respectively. Sinterability was evaluate...
Two new ceramic tile compositions based on 60 wt% secondary raw material (SRM) derived from pre-treated municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ashes and 40 wt% refractory clay were studied. The thermal and densification behaviours of the ceramic batches were evaluated by DTA/TG and dilatometric techniques, respectively. Sinterability was evaluate...
Animal flour ash,rich in phosphorous,calcium and alkaline oxides,has been used to formulate (i)controlled-release fertilizers,since they manage to release the nutrient elements(P,K) at a low rate,and (ii) bioactiveglasses.
(i) Four formulations were tailored using different amounts of animal flour ash(35–48 wt%),potassium carbonate(10–25 wt%) and a...
In this study, we reported the studies on a glass–ceramic foam with wollastonite and cristobalite micrometric crystals prepared by sintering a borosilicate glass waste with organic binder as foaming agent. The waste glass, coming from the dismantling of washing machine, was characterized by high CaO content and low-temperature sinterability. The ef...
Starting from (but not limited to) their importance in the Italian context, three agricultural substrates, two of fruit origin (grape seeds and plum stones) and one of herbaceous origin (woad), were comparatively tested for both biomethane production and digestate characterization. The anaerobic digestion tests showed that grape seeds had the highe...
Cleaned Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) (panel and funnel) waste glasses produced from dismantling TV and PC colour kinescopes were used to prepare glass foams by a simple and economic processing route, consisting of a direct heating of glass powders at relatively low temperatures (600–800 1C).
This study reports on the feasibility of producing glass foams...
The cathode ray tube (CRT) glass is one of the most important problem that afflicts the electronic waste disposal whose solution lies in the identification of efficient and ecofriendly processes to detoxify and reutilize lead-contained funnel glass. This study is focused on a rapid screening of different chemical and mechanochemical processes to re...
Incinerator bottom ash (BA) is produced in large amount worldwide and in Italy, where 5.1 millionstons of municipal solid residues have been incinerated in 2010, corresponding to 1.2-1.5 millionstons of produced bottom ash. This residue has been used in the present study for producing dense geopolymers containing high percentage (50-70wt%) of ash....
A combined experimental evaluation of methane production (obtained by anaerobic digestion) and detailed digestate characterization (with physical-chemical, thermo-gravimetric and mineralogical approaches) was conducted on two organic substrates, which are specific to Italy (at regional and national levels). One of the substrates was grape seeds, wh...
In this work the feasibility of using woody agricultural biomass wastes as grapes and cherries seeds, sawdust, as pore forming agent, and sugar cane ash, as silica precursor, in bricks, were reported. Sawdust and grapes and cherries seeds, thanks to their organic substances content, during their combustion, bring an energetic support in the bricks...
This work presents the results of a study focused on the development of forsterite–nepheline glass-ceramic with the use of rice husk ash (RHA) as a silica source. The glass-ceramics were produced by a sintering process of a glassy frit formulated in the MgO–Al2O3–
SiO2 base system with the addition of B2O3 and Na2O to facilitate the melting and pou...
Recycling industrial waste to produce new materials is a driving path to promote a sustainable development. Alkali activation can be a very effective tool to reach this goal especially when the starting material can be carbon fly ash and blast furnace slag instead of calcined natural clays such as metakaolin. With the aim to further increase the ty...
This paper reports the results of a study focused on the obtainment of glass-ceramic by using rice husk ash (RHA) as silica precursor. RHA is a by-product generated in biomass plants using rice husk as fuel for kilns or in the rice mills to generate steam for the parboiling process. Worldwide, it is annually produced about 132 Mt of rice husk, whic...
Resumo: Um esmalte cerâmico industrial usado em revestimentos tipo " cotto " composto por olivina (silicato de magnésio e ferro (Mg,Fe) 2 SiO 4) e fritas comerciais ricas em chumbo foi reformulado usando resíduos beneficiados (escórias de incineração e vidro cone de cinescópio). Tais resíduos foram previamente caracterizados e, com base nos resulta...
This work reports the results of an evaluation of the use of rice husk ash as the source of silica in the preparation of coral ceramic pigments. ZrSiO4-Fe2O3 inclusion pigments have been synthesized by solid state reactions evaluating the effect of the mineralizer and both silica and iron oxide precursors on the reactivity of the system. The colour...
New ceramics based on 60 wt% of alternative raw material derived from post-treated municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ashes and 40 wt% of refractory clay were studied. The chemical analysis of the compositions was evaluated by ICP. The thermal and densification behavior of the ceramic batches were evaluated by DTA-TG and dilatometry technique...
Purpose
Pulp and paper manufacturing constitutes one of the largest industry segments in term of water and energy usage and total discharges to the environment. More than many other industries, however, this industry plays a key role in sustainable development because its most important raw material, wood fiber, is renewable Dias and Houtman (Envir...
Galvanic processes, that increase corrosion resistance properties and improve wear qualities of metal materials, are based on metal plating baths and rinsewaters. They generate effluents with a metal concentration varying with the installed process. Traditional systems reduce the toxicity of wastewater by aggregating disposed aqueous solutions of v...
A process for the inertization of waste liquids comprising
the steps of:
- Select a waste liquid containing heavy metal ions in solution, soluble salts and organic matter;
- Adding to liquid waste powder of alumino silicates and binder capable to induce geopolimerizzation;
- Mix to smooth paste;
- Curing the final product.
IntroductionExperimental PROCEDUREResults and DiscussionConclusions
In this study a ceramic glaze composed by relevant amounts (>80 wt.%) of a frit obtained from vitrified Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) bottom ash was produced. This glaze was applied by a conventional wet technique (already in use in the ceramic industry) and by an innovative one, i.e. the plasma-spraying technique. Potential advantages...
Recycling industrial waste to produce new materials is a driving path to promote a sustainable development. Alkali activation can be a very effective tool to reach this goal especially when the starting material can be carbon fly ash and blast furnace slag instead of calcined natural clays such as metakaolin. With the aim to further increase the ty...
The management of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) is a topic of great interest, now being an integral part of the Italian D.Lgs. 151/2005. In order to protract life cycle of this waste, composed by glass, polymers and metals, a great effort is done to develop separation, reclamation, recycling and recovery techniques. This study re...
Rice husk ash (RHA) is a waste generated in biomass plants using rice husk as fuel. Worldwide, it is annually produced about 48 Mt of rice grain, which generate 120 Mt of rice husk, giving rise to a global production of 21 Mt/year of RHA. The rice husk ash is mainly composed of silica, which depending on combustion conditions is found in amorphous...
The production of building materials is still based mainly on the traditional system clay-quartz-feldspar. More scientific studies are related to the substitution of conventional raw materials by other natural resources or industrial waste. In this way it has developed a research to realize innovative ceramics for floor/wall covering without tradit...
In this study a commercial ceramic glaze composed by both olivine (magnesium iron silicate, (Mg,Fe)2SiO4) and commercial frits, rich in lead (about 30wt%), was reformulated by using secondary raw materials (CRT cone glass and municipal solid incinerator post-treatment bottom ashes before and after vitrification). The waste-based products were chara...
The sinter-crystallization ability of two glasses obtained by post-treated bottom ash of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) at two particle size (coarse and fine) was investigated. The phase formation was estimated by DTA and XRD, while the sintering process was evaluated by optical dilatometry, linear shrinkage and water absorption. The poro...
The possibility of recycling the Municipal Solid Wastes Incinerated (MSWI) bottom ash by its incorporation in ceramic tiles was investigated. The MSWI bottom ash was introduced both in untreated (previous deironization) and vitrified condition. The sintering of the different products was investigated by determining water absorption and linear shrin...
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Electric arc furnace slag (EAF-S), coming from a steel productive plant in Italy, has been
used as new source for geopolymers synthesis. The slag has been geopolymerized alone and with
different content of metakaolin (MK) with the aim to investigate if EAF-S content plays a role in
geopolymerization process. Mechanical properties results and micros...
The behavior and some physical and thermal properties of a 30Li(2)O-70SiO(2) base glass composition with addition of ZrSiO4 in the as quenched state was investigated with the aid of X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermal expansion and microhardness measurements, as well as density measurements. Transparent glasses pre...
Waste generated in ceramic tiles manufacturing is not usually recycled inside the productive plant, but rather disposed to landfill. This paper deals with ceramic residues from polishing and glazing processes, as constituents for innovative blended cements. New binders made up of 75% CEM I 52.5 R and 25% residues were chemically, physically, and me...
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
In this work a complete characterization of electric arc furnace slag (EAF-S) coming from an Italian steel production plant has been carried out with the goal to study if this type of waste is suitable to be used as cement constituent or aggregate for cement based materials. Exploiting the different chemical composition and grain size distribution...
This article presents the results of an experimental activity aimed at investigating the technical feasibility and the environmental performance of using municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash to produce glass frit for ceramic glaze (glaze frit). The process includes an industrial pretreatment of bottom ash that renders the material suitable...
In this work a complete characterization of rice husk ash (RHA) was conducted in order to evaluate mainly the composition and the thermal reactivity in terms of crystalline phase evolution. Moreover, the screening results of the research conducted on the possibility to use RHA as silica precursor in ceramic materials, such as ceramic glazes, were r...
This paper has revealed that rice husk ash (RHA) behaves as a raw materials with high silicate content which have mainly plasticity reducing effect on the brick bodies. RHA is compatible in the formulation of bricks up to 5 wt% while not worsening the mechanical and structural properties compared to the standard one. For that percentage, the additi...
Ceramic glazing sludge deriving from the purification process of waste-water obtained by the glazing tile phase was mixed in equal proportion with glass cullet in order to obtain a high sintered product suitable to be used as floor/wall covering tiles. The characterization of fired samples includes the evaluation of both sintering parameters: water...
In this work was investigated the feasibility to use Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) glasses in construction sector as secondary raw material. WEEE glasses were used in different percentages as a function of the product obtained: 30-40wt% for glaze formulations, about 40wt% for glass-ceramics and 5wt% in brick bodies. The laborator...
We report on the synthesis, sintering, and crystallization behaviors of a glass with a composition corresponding to 90 mol % CaMgSi <sub>2</sub> O <sub>6</sub>-10 mol % NaFeSi <sub>2</sub> O <sub>6</sub> . The investigated glass composition crystallized superficially immediately after casting of the melt and needs a high cooling rate (rapid quenc...
a b s t r a c t This study investigated the feasibility of using fibers obtained by the recycling of end life cathode ray tubes glasses (EOL-CRT glass) as new filler for polypropylene material. The effects of these new fibers on the mechanical properties of plastic composites were studied. Fracture surfaces were investigated by scanning electron mi...
Municipal solid waste incinerators every year produce tons of fly ashes which, differently from coal fly ashes, contain large amounts of toxic substances (heavy metals, dioxins, furans). The stabilization/solidification (S/S) technology known as geopolymerization is proposed with the purpose to bond physically and chemically incinerator fly ashes (...
Experiments with fly ash obtained from a coal-burning power station in NSW, Australia, were conducted in the cold crucible facility at ANSTO using a 30kW variable frequency generator. The generator was configured as a standard Hartley oscillator with the tank capacitor able to vary from 110 pF to 4100 pF giving a frequency span of 5MHz to 18MHz. Th...
