Luís Outeiro

Research Center Dynamics of High Latitude Marine Ecosystems | IDEAL

La biomasa de las poblaciones objetivo de pesca se encuentra desde hace décadas en constante reducción y las soluciones de gestión intentan retenerla con resultados diversos. Tradicionalmente, la gestión pesquera se ha centrado en un enfoque monoespecífico con resultados dispares debido a no incorporar todos los componentes del ecosistema. Con los...

El presente informe entrega los resultados de la evaluación de la salud del océano en Chile a través del cálculo del Índice de Salud del Océano (IdSO). La evaluación considera el espacio marino costero (mar territorial en 12 millas náuticas y aguas interiores) de las 103 comunas costeras continentales de Chile y se llevó a cabo con el respaldo del...

This study introduces the Salmon Farming Potential Impact Index (SFPII) as a comprehensive framework for evaluating the magnitude and spatial extent of these impacts. SFPII integrates four social-ecological sensitivity factors and a pressure factor. Our analysis, focusing on Southern Patagonia in Chile, reveals distinct spatial patterns within the...

Queen scallop Aequipecten opercularis, is exploited by small-scale trawlers in separated aggregations along the east Atlantic coast and the Mediterranean Sea. However, population performance is poorly known. Here, we combine official information and on-board observers’ data over two decades to study the fishery ecology of an aggregation occurring i...

Marine ecosystems have been traditionally exploited by coastal communities in several ways, especially by fishing. More recently, aquaculture has emerged as an activity through which coastal communities have diversified their economies. Thus, many regions of the world face the challenge of allowing both activities to maximise their yields while com...

We assessed the gaps between current and "model mapping routines", which represent a benchmark for mapping marine ecosystem services (ESs). Model mapping routines comprised 17 selected variables and their best-rated alternatives depending on the mapping purpose, namely, marine spatial planning, environmental impact assessment, vulnerability and ris...

We conducted a systematic search of articles (n = 64) from which information on the 17 variables and their alternatives was retrieved. We assessed gaps using similarity matrices, according to the co-occurrence index. The largest gaps (as measured by average distances >0.5 between actual and best options) occurred in articles reporting natural resou...

The ICES Working Group on comparative analyses between European Atlantic and Mediterra-nean Ecosystems to move towards an Ecosystem-based Approach to Fisheries (WGCOMEDA) recently completed its second three-year cycle. WGCOMEDA was established in 2014 and works in cooperation with other groups within the ICES Integrated Ecosystem Assessments Steeri...

The abandonment of the economic activities of agriculture, livestock, and forestry since the second half of the 20th century, in conjunction with the exodus of inhabitants from rural areas, has resulted in an increase in the forest mass as well as an expansion of forest areas. This, in turn, has led to a greater risk of forest fires and an increase...

Atmospheric circulation patterns in southern Chile (42° 30′ S) were studied in order to determine and analyse the most characteristic synoptic types and their recent trends, as well as to gain an understanding of how they are associated with low-frequency variability patterns. According to the Jenkinson and Collison (J&C) classification method, a 1...

Small-scale fisheries (SSFs) are complex social-ecological systems that are affected not only by biological responses to oceanographic changes but also by socio-economic conditions and market demand expressed from local to global scales. Ex-vessel prices are generally elastic and volatile from year to year or even from season to season, depending o...

Nature based tourism, ecotourism and other types of recreation are an intangible cultural marine ecosystem services. Due to its geographical conditions, Southern Chile has been worldwide-recognised site by its nature based tourism attraction. Fish farming has had since 1980’s a consistent development in the region with jumps and bumps, but still oc...

A growing concern is arising to recognize that ecosystem services (ES) production often requires the integration of non-natural capital with natural capital in a process known as co-production. Several studies explore co-production in different terrestrial ecosystems, such as agriculture or water delivery, but less attention has been paid to marine...

Soils constitute one of the most valuable resources on earth, especially because soil is renewable on human time scales. During the 20th century, a period marked by a widespread rural exodus and land abandonment, fire suppression policies were adopted facilitating the accumulation of fuel in forested areas, exacerbating the effects of wildfires, le...

The gender dimensions in EU fisheries are frequently not taken into account, especially in coastal areas where SSF are highly important, such as Galicia (Northwest of Spain). Intertidal shellfish harvesting in Galicia (mainly focus on clams and cockles) is carried out almost exclusively by women (3300), but women also have a key role through the e...

In 2009 under the legal umbrella of ILO 169 Agreement, Chile recognizes the right to aboriginal people to claim, among others, for territorial rights regarding management of natural resources and environmental defence. The development of this Law by Chilean government had encountered many difficulties and conflicts among aboriginal and "other stake...

Cultural ecosystem services (CES) reflect peoples’ physical and cognitive interactions with nature and are increasingly recognised for providing non-material benefits to human societies. Whereas coasts, seas, and oceans sustain a great proportion of the human population, CES provided by these ecosystems have remained largely unexplored. Therefore,...

To preserve agroforest landscapes, it is essential to understand the complex factors that have shaped them. Biophysical and socio-economic factors need to be considered, and we must leverage the ever-increasing human capacity to model landscapes and predict their responses to agricultural intensification and land abandonment. This paper presents th...

This study examines the effects of a prescribed fire on soil chemical properties in the Montgrí Massif (Girona, Spain). The prescribed forest fire was conducted in 2006 to reduce understory vegetation and so prevent potential severe wildfires. Soil was sampled at a depth of 0–5 cm at 42 sampling points on four separate occasions: prior to the event...

The complex relationship among diverse natural factors in a given ecosystem and with society could be not explicitly reflected in governance actions and policy. Social networks are useful tools to characterize these links but few studies include social and ecological nodes. We applied social network analysis to characterize governance and use netwo...

Several countries around the world are recognising the need to develop an ecosystem services (ES) framework within their Marine Spatial Planning (MSP). This study presents an empirical example of how ES can be incorporated into MSP in developing countries, in particular in the Southern region of Los Lagos (Chile). This paper aims to: a) assess the...

The ecosystem service paradigm highlights the complex relationship among diverse natural factors in a given ecosystem and with society. Evidence of links among different ecosystem services (ES) and about the implications of these links in human wellbeing is growing in literature. However, these relations could be not clear or explicitly reflected i...

Since 1990’s the inner sea of Chiloé has become an important area of aquaculture activities worldwide. The community of people had to assimilate this process and incoporate in their way of living. In terms of coastal and marine management, the settlement of this activities had carried important consequences because the lack of consistent and long t...

Salmon aquaculture has emerged as a successful economic industry generating high economic revenues to invest in the development of Chiloe region, Southern Chile. However, salmon aquaculture also consumes a substantial amount of ecosystem services, and the direct and indirect impacts on human wellbeing are still unknown and unexplored. This paper id...

During the last century the landscape of the mid-Mediterranean mountains has undergone major transformations. The precipitous decline in the economic viability of forest products has engendered ever-thickening forests and agricultural lands have reverted to forest land cover. The related exodus of existing inhabitants since 1960 has led to new styl...

This study analyses the influence of two different land uses on the hydrology of the Vernegà experimental basin between the years 1993 and 2012. The basin is located in the Northeast of the Iberian Peninsula and it is influenced by a Mediterranean climate, with an average annual rainfall of 688 mm. The study of rainfall distribution shows that the...

Resumen Desde la Antigüedad el ser humano ha utilizado los servicios que brindan los ecosistemas en una mayor o menor cantidad o a diferentes intensidades. La conversión de espacios marítimo-costeros multifuncionales a espacios marítimo-costeros monofuncionales e intensivos provoca unos inter-cambios entre beneficios y costes en servicios ecosistém...

Prescribed fires are used in Catalonia since 1999 as a tool, among others, for managing forested areas with large amounts of fuel in order to prevent high intensity fires. The Montgrí prescribed fire main objective was reduced the scrubland in an ancient and abandoned pine plantation. On the whole of the literature, many researchers have studied th...

The solute and suspended-sediment load following five rainstorms (2005–2007) with varied intensities were studied at the Vernegà experimental watershed, north-western Spain. Two land-use areas are located within this watershed, the upstream one (forest) with 160 ha a 100% forested area, and the downstream one (agricultural) with 97 ha being 9 ha co...

Une étude comparative France-Espagne des relations entre érosion, paysage et développement durable a associé des protocoles de mesure et de régionalisation de l'érosion et des enquêtes auprès des acteurs locaux. En Catalogne (matrice forestière), les chemins produisent beaucoup de sédiments ; dans les des Alpes du Sud (paysage en mosaïque), ce sont...

Cork oak, (Quercus suber) is widely distributed in the Mediterranean region, an area subject to frequent fires. The ash produced by burning can have impacts on the soil status and water resources that can differ according to the temperature reached during fire and the characteristics of the litter, defined as the dead organic matter accumulated on...

Factor analysis is an excellent tool to reduce large data sets to an interpretable size. The aim of this work is to analyze the effects of fire temperature on the chemistry of ash slurries. Leaf litter from Quercus suber (Q.S), Quercus robur (Q.R) and Pinus pinea (P.P), collected in the northeast part of the Iberian Peninsula (Catalonia), was subje...

Une étude comparative France-Espagne des relations entre érosion, paysage et développement durable a associé des protocoles de mesure et de régionalisation de l'érosion et des enquêtes auprès des acteurs locaux. En Catalogne (matrice forestière), les chemins produisent beaucoup de sédiments ; dans les des Alpes du Sud (paysage en mosaïque), ce sont...

The main objective of this paper is to present a methodology for the use of stochastic methods in reconstructing suspended sediment data series acquired during flood events. In this paper, new methodology is compared to other methodologies used in the past by other authors to estimate suspended sediment data. The new methodology involves an innovat...

Prescribed fire is a technique sometimes used in forest management but the effects on soil are not fully understood. Soil is a complex system and the spatial variability of properties and processes may increase after a disturbance like fire. We modelled three soil cations Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+ with probabilistic methods and geostatistics in order to as...

Shape, size, spacing, distribution and density of the sampling network receive, in our opinion, small attention on the spatial statistics literature. Soil researchers should make a quick, accurate, and cost-efficient decision on which sampling structure best satisfies their objectives. Systematic versus random sampling becomes one of the first deci...

Aquest article pretén ser una aproximació als efectes que el foc té en el sòl. Primer de tot, presentem els motius pels quals els incendis forestals han esde-vingut un problema mediambiental a Catalunya. Resumim l'actual política de prevenció de Grans Incendis Forestals per part dels Bombers de la Generalitat. En el cos central de l'article, donem...

Inventories of vegetation were collected in a burnt area located in Cadiretes massif, Catalan Coastal Ranges, northeast Spain. The burnt forest primarily consisted of pine plantation (Pinus pinaster) with a large number of cork trees (Quercus suber). The burnt area was divided into three zones based on fire intensity. Data from three different peri...

This study examines the effects of a prescribed fire, conducted in grassland in order to maintain a fire break, on soil quality (pH and nutrients) in the Prades Mountains in the Mediterranean climate of north-east Spain. Soil at a 4 × 18 m study plot, located in an abandoned agricultural terrace on calcareous bedrock at 760 m above sea level, was s...

This article constitutes a short report on the present state of Geography and the geographical practice in the Republic of Ireland. After a brief historical approach, much attention is paid to the role of Geography in public education. Moreover, the study of Geography at the Irish university level is also discussed through these pages. Finally, thi...