Ludovico Iovino

Gran Sasso Science Institute | GSSI · Computer Science

In the model-driven security domain, access control systems provide an application for handling access of persons through controlled gates. A gate, such as a door, can have a lock mechanism for securing the area from unauthorized access. Most commercial solutions for access control management offer pre-packaged software systems where customization...

Low‐code development platforms (LCDPs) aim to simplify software systems' development by providing easy‐to‐use graphical interfaces and drag‐and‐drop facilities. The system behaviors are defined through available data handling and workflow mechanisms enabling the specification of business processes from users that do not have strong programming skil...

The world has been undergoing the most ever unprecedented circumstances caused by the coronavirus pandemic, which is having a devastating global effect in different aspects of life. Since there are not effective antiviral treatments for Covid-19 yet, it is crucial to early detect and monitor the progression of the disease, thereby helping to reduce...

Like any software artifacts, metamodels are evolving entities that constantly change over time for different reasons. Changing metamodels by keeping them consistent with other existing artifacts is an error-prone and tedious activity without the availability of automated support. In this paper, we foster the adoption of metamodel refactorings colle...

Reference architectures (RAs) are successfully used to represent families of concrete software architectures in several domains such as automotive, banking, and the Internet of Things. RAs inspire architects when designing concrete architectures, and they help to guarantee compliance with architectural decisions, regulatory requirements, as well as...

In model-driven software engineering, models are used in all phases of the development process. These models must hold a high quality since the implementation of the systems they represent relies on them. Several existing tools reduce the burden of manually dealing with issues that affect models’ quality, such as syntax errors, model smells, and in...

Metamodels play a crucial role in any model-based application. They underpin the definition of models and tools, and the development of model management operations, including model transformations and analysis. Like any software artifacts, metamodels are subject to evolution to improve their quality or implement unforeseen requirements. Metamodels...

Multimodal journey planners are used worldwide to support travelers in planning and executing their journeys. Generated travel plans usually involve local mobility service providers, consider some travelers' preferences, and provide travelers information about the routes' current status and expected delays. However, those planners cannot fully cons...

Smart decision making plays a central role for smart city governance. It exploits data analytics approaches applied to collected data, for supporting smart cities stakeholders in understanding and effectively managing a smart city. Smart governance is performed through the management of key performance indicators (KPIs), reflecting the degree of sm...

The automatic Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) assessment for smart cities is challenging, since the input parameters needed for the KPIs calculations are highly dynamic and change with different frequencies. Moreover, they are provided by heterogeneous data sources (e.g., IoT infrastructures, Web Services, open repositories), with different acces...

The aim of this chapter is to present an automated instrument collecting the enormous amount of infor- mation available online allowing urban planners, public administrations, tourism services suppliers, and researchers to easily understand the spatial and temporal distribution of tourist behaviors towards tourist attractions in a specific area. Ge...

Modeling is a ubiquitous activity in the process of software development. In recent years, such an activity has reached a high degree of intricacy, guided by the heterogeneity of the components, data sources, and tasks. The democratized use of models has led to the necessity for suitable machinery for mining modeling repositories. Among others, the...

Studies on public transportation in Europe suggest that European inhabitants use buses in ca. 56% of all public transport travels. One of the critical factors affecting such a percentage and more, in general, the demand for public transport services, with an increasing reluctance to use them, is their quality. End-users can perceive quality from va...

Studies on public transportation in Europe suggest that European inhabitants use buses in ca. 56% of all public transport travels. One of the critical factors affecting such a percentage and more, in general, the demand for public transport services, with an increasing reluctance to use them, is their quality. End-users can perceive quality from va...

Conventional wisdom on Model-Driven Engineering suggests that metamodels are crucial elements for modeling environments consisting of graphical editors, transformations, code generators, and analysis tools. Software repositories are commonly used in practice for locating existing artifacts provided that a classification procedure is available. Howe...

In rule-based approaches, a model transformation definition tells how an instance of a source metamodel should be transformed to an instance of a target metamodel. As these metamodels undergo changes, model transformations defined over these metamodels may get out of sync. Restoring conformance between model transformations and the metamodels is a...

The concept of smart and sustainable city has been on the agenda for the last decade. Smart governance is about the use of innovation for supporting enhanced decision making and planning to make a city smart, by leveraging on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) as procedural tools. However, developing processes and instruments able to evaluate smart...

Background The pandemic caused by coronavirus in recent months is having a devastating global effect, which puts the world under the most ever unprecedented emergency. Currently, since there are not effective antiviral treatments for Covid-19 yet, it is crucial to early detect and monitor the progression of the disease, thus helping to reduce morta...

Extreme natural events require effective emergency procedures to minimize adverse effects on a region’s population and economy. Such procedures typically involve the effort of several different teams of first responders (e.g., fire fighters, public administrations, police departments, utility companies), hence coordination is fundamental to the eff...

Conventional wisdom on model transformations in Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) suggests that they are crucial components in modeling environments to achieve superior automation, whether it be refactoring, simulation, or code generation. While their relevance is well-accepted, model transformations are challenging to design, implement, and verify be...

Conventional wisdom on Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) suggests that this software discipline is the key to achieve superior automation, whether it be refactoring, simulation, or code generation. However, the diversity of employed languages and technologies blurs the picture making it difficult to analyze existing MDE-based projects in order to retr...

Model transformations are key elements of model-driven engineering, where they are used to automate the manipulation of models. However, they are typed with respect to concrete source and target meta-models, making their reuse for other (even similar) meta-models challenging. To improve this situation, we propose capturing the typing requirements f...

Sensors, actuators, and controllers communicate with each other in our Water Management Cyber Physical System (WM-CPS). This WM-CPS is also Internet of Things (IoTs) enable because controllers used in WM-CPS always get a unique IP address during connection with internet. In our work, various communication standards like Ethernet/IP, Modbus/TCP, Mod...

Microservice architecture (MSA) is defined as an architectural style where the software system is developed as a suite of small services, each running in its own process and communicating with lightweight mechanisms. The benefits of MSA are many, ranging from an increase in development productivity, to better business-IT alignment, agility, scalabi...

Context: Software quality engineering is increasingly gaining interests also in the Model-Driven Engineering community as testified by a large corpus of research that has been produced over the last few years. Quality models are presented as convenient artifacts to specify and organize quality attributes that are of interest for considered stakehol...

In Model Driven Engineering (MDE), analogously to any software development practice, metamodel design must be accurate and performed by considering relevant quality factors including maintainability, reusability, and understandability. The quality of metamodels might be compromised by the introduction of smells that can be the result of inappropria...

Developing model transformations can be a complex task and as such advanced reuse mechanisms are increasingly recognised as necessary for increasing both development productivity and quality of model transformations. Creating a new transformation by chaining existing ones is one of the possible ways to reuse existing transformations. However, chain...

Ever since the earthquake of April 6, 2009 hit the city of L'Aquila, Italy, the city has been facing major challenges in terms of social, physical, and economic reconstruction. The system of public urban mobility, the bus network, is no exception with its old bus fleet, non-user-friendly information, and poor scheduling. This paper argues that the...

The key to success with Model-Driven Engineering is the ability to maintain metamodels and their related artifacts consistent over time. Metamodels can evolve under evolutionary pressure that arises when clients and users express the need for enhancements. However, metamodel changes come at the price of compromising metamodel-related artifacts, inc...

Model transformations are key elements of Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), where they are used to automate the manipulation of models. However, they are typed with respect to concrete source and target meta-models and hence their reuse for other (even similar) meta-models becomes challenging. In this paper, we describe a method to extract a typing r...

In MDE resolving pragmatic issues related to the management of models is key to success. Model comparison is one of the most challenging operations playing a central role in a wide range of modelling activities including model versioning, evolution and even collaborative and distributed specification of models. Over the last decade, several syntact...

In Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) metamodels are pivotal entities that underpin the definition of models. Similarly to any software artifact, metamodels evolve over time due to evolutionary pressure. However, whenever a metamodel is modified, related models may become invalid and adaptations are required to restore their validity. Generally, when a...

Over the last years, several model repositories have been proposed in response to the need of the MDE community for advanced systems supporting the reuse of modeling artifacts. Modelers can interact with MDE repositories with different intents ranging from merely repository browsing, to searching specific artifacts satisfying precise requirements....

In Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) metamodels play a key role since they underpin the specification of different kinds of modeling artifacts, and the development of a wide range of model management tools. Consequently, when a metamodel is changed modelers and developers have to deal with the induced coupled evolutions i.e., adapting all those artifa...

In Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) the development of complex and large transformations can benefit from the reuse of smaller ones that can be composed according to user requirements. Composing transformations is a complex problem: typically smaller transformations are discovered and selected by developers from different and heterogeneous sources. T...

Model-driven engineering (MDE) is increasingly used across industries to abstract designs and viewpoints. Development productivity improves owing to faster change cycles. However, many current MDE tools are suitable for drawing but won't scale up. Roundtrip for maintenance, tool interoperability, and team collaboration are far from industry needs....

Model transformations are considered to be the "heart" and "soul" of Model Driven Engineering, and as a such, advanced techniques and tools are needed for supporting the development, quality assurance, maintenance, and evolution of model transformations. Even though model transformation developers are gaining the availability of powerful languages...

Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) refers to the systematic use of models as first class entities throughout the software development life cycle. Over the last few years, many MDE technologies have been conceived for developing domain specific modeling languages, and for supporting a wide range of model management activities. However, existing modeling...

In Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) the modification of a metamodel typically can invalidate many different sorts of artifacts. In order to mitigate the pragmatic consequences of such problem, several coupled evolution techniques have been introduced over the last few years mainly focussing on restoring the validity of models, transformations, and ed...

In Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) models are first-class entities that are manipulated by means of model transformations. The development of complex and large transformations can benefit from the reuse of smaller ones that can be composed according to user requirements. Composing transformations is a complex problem: typically smaller transformatio...

Metamodels are a key concept in Model-Driven Engineering. Any artifact in a modeling ecosystem has to be defined in accordance to a metamodel prescribing its main qualities. Hence, understanding common characteristics of metamodels, how they evolve over time, and what is the impact of metamodel changes throughout the modeling ecosystem is of great...

Metamodels are a key concept in Model-Driven Engineering. Any artifact in a modeling ecosystem has to be defined in accordance to a metamodel prescribing its main qualities. One of the most important artifact is model transformation that are considered to be the heart and soul of MDE and as such advanced techniques and tools are needed for supporti...