Ludek Hyncik

University of West Bohemia · New Technologies - Research Centre

Objective: The future mobility challenges leads to considering new safety systems to protect vehicle passengers in non-standard and complex seating configurations. The objective of this study is to assess the performance of a brand new safety system called nanobag and to compare it to the traditional airbag performance in the frontal sled test scen...

Úvod: Vaginální porod je příčinou výrazné deformace levátoru (LAM), hlavně jehopuboviscerální složky (PVM) a perinea, včetně komplexu análního svěrače. Porodnické poranění pánevního dna může vést k dlouhodobým dopadům na kvalitu života ženy. Z tohoto důvodu je důležité pochopení mechanismu tohoto poranění, avšak přesné změření této deformace v průb...

Rekonstrukční výkony pro prolaps pánevních orgánů jsou zatíženy relativně vysokým rizikem recidivy anatomického defektu nebo delarvací defektu v neoperovaném kompártmentu. S ohledem na typ a techniku rekonstrukčního výkonu je riziko reoperace značně variabilní a je udáváno mezi 25-45%. Jedním z možných vysvětlení (vedle selhání operační techniky) s...

Existuje skupina žen, které nejsou schopné dokončit vaginální porod pro nepoměr mezi kostěnou pánví a fetální hlavou. Tyto ženy buď vůbec neporodí, nebo porod proběhne s následkem významných ireversibilních změn. V krajním případě se situace řeší akutním císařským řezem. Proto je účelné znát situaci dopředu, protože akutní císařský řez je rizikový....

Při rozhodování o průběhu porodu je u indikovaných pacientek prováděna magnetická rezonance (MRI) a ze získaných dat jsou zjišťovány vnitřní rozměry kostěné pánve. V ideálním případě by toto vyšetření bylo prováděno u všech primigravid, aby se zamezilo akutním císařským řezům z důvodu nepoměru mezi vnitřními rozměry pánve a fetální hlavou. Ekonomic...

Human body modelling plays an inseparable role in designing personal devices and assessing injury risk. As a person-specific human body model is demanding to be developed, scaling and morphing procedures apply. These procedures scale or morph a generic human body (sub-) model based on pre-defined landmarks and dimensions. The work summarizes the pe...

The goal of the study is to assess the biomechanical properties of several implants used to treat a supracondylar periprosthetic fracture which rarely occurs mainly in ostheoporotic patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKR). The behaviour of ostheoporotic bone and implants under load is analysed by means of the finite element model.

Virtual human body models contribute to designing safe and user-friendly products through virtual prototyping. Anthropometric biomechanical models address different physiques using average dimensions. In designing, e.g., personal protective equipment, orthopedic tools, or vehicle safety systems, biomechanical models with the correct geometry and sh...

Virtual human body models contribute to designing safe and user-friendly products through virtual prototyping. Anthropometric biomechanical models address different physiques using average dimensions. In designing personal protective equipment, biomechanical models with the correct geometry and shape shall play a role. The presented study shows the...

FEM simulations of the crash scenarios is a widely accepted method to evaluate the crash behavior of vehicle structures. A range of design and development-related decisions during the product development cycle depend upon these analyses. Inevitably, differences are anticipated while conducting the crash tests due to various reasons. This study focu...

Current trends in mobility bring new challenges for both active and passive safety. Although connected and highly automated vehicles shall be impact-free due to the common communication, safe co-existence between automated and non-automated conventional traffic for a long transition period of mixed traffic must be ensured. Current approaches for ve...

Current industrial trends bring new challenges in energy absorbing systems. Polymer materials as the traditional packaging materials seem to be promising due to their low weight, structure, and production price. Based on the review, the linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) material was identified as the most promising material for absorbing impa...

Introduction and hypothesisSeveral studies have assessed birth-related deformations of the levator ani muscle (LAM) and perineum on models that depicted these elements in isolation. The main aim of this study was to develop a complex female pelvic floor computational model using the finite element method to evaluate points and timing of maximum str...

Current industrial trends bring new challenges in energy absorbing systems. Polymer materials as the traditional packaging material seem to be promising due to their low weight, structure and production price. Based on the review, the linear low-density polyethylene material was identified as the most promising material for absorbing impact energy....

The presentation shows the exploitation of the human body models in both industry and medicine. The development as well as the validation of full-body models to assess safety in design is presented. The medical part is represented by the gynaecology, where the numerical simulation is used for assessing protection during the childbirth process.

The presentation introduces impact biomechanics as a basic tool for designing devices protecting the human body. Presenting approaches towards the modelling of the human body, the presentation covers the whole process of the human body model development, validation and application. The application is described on an example of virtual tool for acci...

Powered two-wheeler (PTW) riders and passengers are among the group of vulnerable road users (VRU). This group uses the road transportation system together with other better-protected users such as passenger cars and truck drivers. The main vulnerability of PTW rider lies in their unequal position during the crash, due to the inability of applicati...

Current trends in mobility bring new challenges for active and passive safety. Multi-modal transport including non-standard seating configurations is concerned. Whilst the mechanical dummies are usually composed to assess an injury risk in a single direction impacts, virtual human body models are able to reflect the situation in a multi-directional...

The number of fatalities proves that traffic accidents and their consequences are still a serious problem to be solved. Almost half of the people dying on the world’s roads are pedestrians, cyclists, and two-wheeler riders, which are together called vulnerable road users. Future challenges such as multi-modal transport including autonomous cars and...

Road traffic accidents cause one of the highest numbers of severe injuries. Virtual human body models play an important role to assess the injuries during impact loading especially for scenarios, where complex dynamical loading is taken into account. It concerns mainly vulnerable road users, where motorcyclists are addressed. The risk of fatal inju...

Road traffic accidents cause one of the highest numbers of severe injuries. Approximately 1.25 million people die each year as a result of a road traffic crash and between 20 and 50 million more people suffer non-fatal injuries, with many incurring a disability. Nearly half of those dying on the roads are so-called vulnerable road users, namely ped...

Motorcycle riders belong to the group of so-called vulnerable road users, for whom protection against an impact is an important issue due to the multi-directional loading and the complex kinematics after the impact. Virtual biomechanical human body models play an important role to assess injuries, especially for such complex scenarios. The major mo...

Road traffic accidents cause one of the highest numbers of severe injuries. Virtual human body models play an important role to assess the injuries during impact loading especially for scenarios, where complex dynamical loading is taken into account. It concerns mainly vulnerable road users, where motorcyclists are addressed. The presented work sho...

Presentation of a scalable virtual human body biomechanical hybrid model, its validation, validation of scaled subjects, and examples of application.

Biomechanical human body models play an important role in supporting virtual testing, optimization and prototyping in the areas, where human body interacts with external environment or infrastructure. There are two major approaches to developing a virtual biomechanics human body model. The lumped-mass approach develops simple models, which are easi...

Motorcycle riders belong to the group of so called vulnerable road users, which protection against impact is an issue due to the multi-directional loading and complex kinematics due to the impact. Virtual biomechanical human body models play an important role to assess injuries especially for such complex scenarios. The major motorcycle rider perso...

Road traffic accidents cause one of the highest numbers of severe injuries. Virtual biomechanical human body models play an important role to assess injuries during impact loading especially for scenarios, where complex dynamical loading is taken into account. It concerns mainly vulnerable road users like a motorcycle or other two wheeler riders. A...

Biomechanika člověka je oficiální učebnicí České společnosti pro biomechaniku shrnující současné poznatky z oboru. Je určena nejen studentům magisterských oborů aplikované mechaniky-biomechaniky a biomedicíny, ale svým obsahem, srozumitelným jazykem, grafickým ztvárněním a matematickým aparátem popisujícím základní fyzikální vztahy je vhodná i pro...

This paper is focused on experimental testing and modeling of genuine leather used for a motorcycle personal protective equipment. Simulations of powered two wheelers (PTW) accidents are usually performed using human body models (HBM) for the injury assessment equipped only with the helmet model. However, the kinematics of the PTW rider during a re...

Road traffic accidents cause one of the highest numbers of severe injuries. The numbers of deaths and seriously injured citizens prove that traffic accidents and their consequences are still a serious problem to be solved. Virtual human body models play an important role to assess injuries during impact loading especially for scenarios, where compl...

Road traffic accidents cause one of the highest numbers of severe injuries. Virtual human body models play an important role to assess injuries during impact loading especially for scenarios, where complex dynamical loading is taken into account. It concerns also vulnerable road users, where motorcyclists are addressed. The presented work shows mot...

Road traffic accidents cause one of the highest numbers of severe injuries, because mobility is a part of everyday life in all countries over the world. Future challenges such as multi-modal transport including autonomous cars, bring new safety issues to be investigated. New impact scenarios covering multi-directional impacts can be hardly assessed...

Research and/or Engineering Questions/Objective: Road traffic accidents cause one of the highest numbers of severe injuries, because mobility is a part of everyday life in all countries over the world. Future challenges such as multi-modal transport including autonomous cars, two-wheelers and other modes of transport brings new safety issues to be...

Road traffic accidents cause one of the highest numbers of severe injuries. Virtual human body models play an important role to assess injuries during impact loading especially for scenarios, where complex dynamical loading is taken into account. It concerns also vulnerable road users, where powered two-wheelers are addressed. The presented work im...

Objectives: Virtual biomechanical human body models start to play an important role in assessing consequences of external impact due to the interaction with outer infrastructure. Not only traffic safety but for example also evacuation corridors or sports and leisure protective equipment performance can be analysed and optimized. The advantage of th...

This report describes the procedure of reconstructing a traffic accident with the PTW involved. The reconstruction of the accident has different aims. The recreation of the causal relation between accident outcomes and events which were leading to it is one of the aims. An occupant injury simulation is another reason for the accident reconstruction...

Introduction and hypothesisDuring vaginal delivery, the levator ani muscle (LAM) undergoes severe deformation. This stress can lead to stretch-related LAM injuries. The objective of this study was to develop a sophisticated MRI-based model to simulate changes in the LAM during vaginal delivery. MethodsA 3D finite element model of the female pelvic...

The main aim of the presented research was to check mechanical response of human body model under loads that can occur during airplane accidents and compare results of analysis with some results of experimental tests described in literature. In simulations, new multi-purpose human body model, the VIRTHUMAN, was used. The whole model, as well as its...

This work describes tensile tests of random selected leather samples. Tests were performed according to ISO 3376 standard. Dimensions of cross sections were measured (mean thickness =1.4 mm, mean width = 19.8 mm) and then samples were grouped with a view on texture (with and without perforation). The aim of the tests was to obtain average strength...

This work is focused on the modelling of car to pedestrian crash scenario. Virtual hybrid human body model VIRTHUMAN as well as a simplified model of car chassis is modelled under Virtual Performance Solution software. The main idea of the work is the investigation and sensitivity analysis of various initial conditions of the pedestrian during fron...

The work concerns numerical analysis of selected motorcycle accidents during high speed low side sliding using the scalable hybrid model Virthuman and the real accident data from the racing circuit. The overall rider’s kinematics is analysed taking into account contact areas on the rider’s overall during the fall. The time and body dependent contac...

The aim of study is to find the most dangerous scenarios of PTW accidents. Those configurations will be analysed in the virtual environment. The way to find which real world scenarios are most hazardous will be statistical analysis of European road accident databases.

Numerical simulations in biomechanics and bioengineering consider highly deformable tissues in interaction with fluid flows. The solver SPHCOFEM for investigating fluid flow coupled problems with 1D, 2D or 3D calculations is presented. The fluid domain is represented by smoothed particle hydrodynamics and the boundary is modeled using finite elemen...

Wireless communication technologies together with physiological signals measurement provide a wide range of capabilities for monitoring, recording and analysis of the physical and health status of individuals. Continuously monitored data can provide very useful information for evaluating the physical state of the human body. The data can also help...

The study focused on the validation of the 50th percentile male model — a detailed FE model of the thoracic segment of the human body developed within project Development of a Finite Element Model of the Human Thorax and Upper Extremities (THOMO) co-funded by the European Commission (7th Framework Programme). The model response was tested in three...

The paper contributes to the field of vehicle safety technology by the virtual approach using biomechanical virtual human body models. The goal of the paper is to exploit the previously developed scaling algorithm to create several virtual human models of a given age and body proportions and to assess the impact analysis using the sensitivity appro...

Introduction and hypothesis: Comparison of the modifications of the Viennese method of manual perineal protection (VMPP) and hands-off delivery techniques by applying basic principles of mechanics with assessments of tensions within perineal structures using a novel biomechanical model of the perineum. Evaluation of the role of the precise placeme...

The paper concerns the development of a new scalable virtual human body model. The model has been developed to assess safety risk during various complex crash scenarios including impacts from different directions. The novel approach described couples the basic multi-body structure with deformable segments, resulting in short calculation time. Each...

Traffic accidents cause one of the highest numbers of severe injuries in the whole population. The numbers of deaths or seriously injured citizens prove that traffic accidents and their consequences are still a serious problem to be solved. A lot of effort is devoted to both passive and active safety systems development. The transportation standard...

The paper contributes to the development of virtual biomechanical human models as a support for design and optimization of both passive and active safety systems used in various modes of transportation. The paper shows the scaling methodology as simply as possible to creating models based on a reference model regarding anthropology and flexibility....

Este trabalho foi realizado no âmbito do projecto europeu MYMOSA (MotorcYcle and MOtorcyclist SAfety, Segurança de Motociclos e Motociclistas). Foi criado um modelo multicorpo de um adulto do sexo masculino, percentil 50, para análise de acidentes com enfâse em motociclos (PTW – Power Two-Wheeler) e avaliação de trauma. Neste trabalho apresenta-se...

Os acidentes fatais envolvendo motociclistas e respectivos motociclos (PTW – Power Two-Wheeler) representam cerca de 20% das mortes das estradas europeias. Das medidas que mais contribuíram para que este número não fosse mais grave são a obrigatoriedade de uso de capacete homologado e o uso de luzes de cruzamento 24/7. Apesar de não ser obrigatório...

Este trabalho foi realizado no âmbito do projecto europeu MYMOSA (MotorcYcle and MOtorcyclist SAfety, Segurança de Motociclos e Motociclistas). O objectivo da nossa tarefa foi a criação de um modelo multicorpo de um adulto do sexo masculino, percentil 50, para análise de acidentes com enfâse em motociclos (PTW – Power Two-Wheeler) e avaliação de tr...

The main work was done in the scope of the European project MYMOSA. One of the main goals of this project was the development of a full scale 50th percentile man MBM (Multibody Model) for accident simulations involving primarily PTW (Powered Two Wheelers) and injury assessment. In this study a hybrid approach to simulate an accident was used. A MBM...

Towards Improved Protection of Vulnerable Road Users The paper aims at reducing injury risk and an overall increase in pedestrian passive safety by proposing pedestrian friendly vehicle design. Statistical data are used to identify the most vulnerable population group also regarding the economic losses caused by deaths or medical treatment. An age...

This work was done in the scope of the European project MYMOSA. The main purpose of my task was the development of a full scale 50th percentile man MBM (Multi-Body Model) for accident simulations involving primarily PTW (Powered Two Wheelers) and injury assessment. The un-constrained posture of a PTW rider brings the need of a dummy easy to fit in...

Abdominal Finite Element Model for Traffic Accidents Injury Analysis The abdominal cavity is a vulnerable region of the human body. The severe and critical abdominal injuries arising during traffic accidents are the second most important bodily injuries after thoracic injuries. The injuries are predominantly caused by contact with the lap belt, ste...

Pedestrian Model for Injury Prediction for Lateral Impact World-wide statistics still reflect a high percentage of seriously injured pedestrians in the urban areas. The lateral impact is the most common type of traffic accident in towns. This paper describes the validation of a pedestrian model that will be able to assess the type and level of inju...

The theory of growth and remodeling is applied to the 1D continuum. This can be mentioned e.g. as a model of the muscle fibre or piezo-electric stack. Hyperelastic material described by free energy potential suggested by Fung is used whereas the change of stiffness is taken into account. Corresponding equations define the dynamical system with two...

An impact of a pedestrian and a tram or even an impact of two trams is a common traffic accident in towns. Hence there is an effort to develop such traffic means that minimize injuries of victims. The article deals with the optimization of placement of a previously proposed tram fender to decrease pedestrian injury risk. Further the influence of th...

Recently the virtual finite element human body models have become important when used to improve the passive safety of vehicle occupants. The human body models have a significant advantage over dummies, since they are able not only to predict injuries, but also to model the whole injury mechanism. This enables the detailed analysis of injuries, and...