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March 1990 - present
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Publications (149)
Living with the harmful effects of climate change is a challenge, especially in relation to the marked thermal
discomfort resulting from heat waves that mainly impact economically vulnerable populations. The main
objective of this study was to analyze thermal comfort in social housing and the strategies adopted by residents to
overcome situations o...
A simulação Airflow Network (AFN)/Building Energy Simulations (BES) é muito usada para incluir os efeitos da ventilação natural em análises de conforto térmico e eficiência energética. Para isso os coeficientes de pressão (Cp) são um dado de entrada importante; embora esta informação possa ser obtida através de Simulações fluidodinâmicas (CFD), est...
Elementos côncavos em planta são comuns na arquitetura; devido a seu perímetro recortado, possibilitam mais aberturas para o exterior. Edifícios com forma de “C” e “H” são exemplos de projetos deste tipo, o segundo sendo o mais recorrente no Brasil e muito usado para a habitação social multifamiliar. Porém, em muitos casos tais edifícios não aprese...
A ventilação natural, impulsionada pela ação do vento, ocorre devido ao deslocamento do ar gerado pelo diferencial de pressão nas faces da edificação. Vários fatores podem influenciar a distribuição de pressão, como a presença de muros, que geralmente reduzem os diferenciais de coeficientes de pressão (Cps). No entanto, pesquisas anteriores analisa...
Recognizing the urgent need for mitigating global warming, natural ventilation presents a potential strategy to reduce cooling energy demands, enhance thermal comfort, and contribute to indoor air quality. H-shaped buildings are prevalent worldwide, and they constitute the majority of the social housing construction in Brazil. Research suggests tha...
Thermal comfort is extremely important in architecture, especially in environments with more people spending longer time on studies or intellectual activities. This research describes a case study designed to investigate the energy and thermal performance of university buildings as part of the ANEEL programme. Because of this importance and the nee...
O presente artigo investiga os resultados de uma avaliação do conforto térmico e a interferência da configuração de fachada em duas salas administrativas da Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica (FEM), Universidade Estadual de Campinas. O recorte é feito a partir da tipologia construtiva analisada que se replica no campus universitário sem nenhuma refle...
Performance-based climatic zoning for building energy efficiency applications has shown significant advantages when compared to methods that only rely on climate data. However, previous studies have primarily focused on small regions, which raises questions about the effectiveness of this approach for larger countries. To address this gap, this pap...
Climatic zoning for buildings is an important topic in the field of building energy efficiency. Defining climatic zones is challenging, as it involves many variables sparsely distributed in time and space. Many methods exist today to define climatic zoning, most of them focused on weather-centred definitions. The actual response of buildings in ter...
Global warming makes urban fabric benchmarking necessary for the development of policies that promote urban heat resilience. This research is aimed at identifying urban fabric patterns, which can promote the negative feedback of the urban climate system naturally. The method includes the use of Landsat-8 satellite images to estimate and to map the...
In the construction industry, excessive heat exposure may cause thermal overload and damage workers' health. This study presents an analysis of the heat exposure of sixty-four workers performing activities on concrete slabs in the construction of concrete structures in buildings. In order to do that, the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) obtained f...
In Brazil, conventional construction sites processes prevail, where the workers develop outdoor activities and are exposed to environment variables, which, along with the personal variables – metabolic rate and clothing – may cause heat stress. This article evaluates the heat exposure that workers with outside activities on concrete slabs during th...
Energy policies have been developed to reduce buildings' impacts on climate change. As they require quantifying energy use, simulation tools can help designers in the decision process. There are several variables to be considered in early stage building design. By coupling building performance simulation with optimization methods, the designer can...
Climatic zoning has a direct impact on building energy efficiency policies. Currently, most countries adopt simplified weather parameters to define their climatic zoning, with the degree-day method being the most widely used. This widespread use of degree-days has been substantially influenced by the adoption of this indicator by ASHRAE on its clim...
Due to the great importance that natural ventilation has on thermal comfort, current researches have sought to include natural ventilation analysis in their scope. For such, it is possible to resort to computational simulations which can be performed by many methods, such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Airflow Network (AFN). The first is...
A busca por suprir a demanda mundial de energia estimulou não só a procura por fontes alternativas, como também a eficiência energética dos sistemas existentes. Entendendo que as edificações que abrigam as atividades humanas têm grande impacto no consumo de energia, o objetivo desta pesquisa é possibilitar o desenvolvimento de um modelo preditivo c...
A fachada é um elemento muito importante no edifício, fazendo a ligação entre o interior e o exterior, permitindo a entrada de iluminação, de ventilação e de calor. Partindo deste ponto, a vegetação é uma boa solução para o controle da radiação solar e, com isso, diminuir o custo de refrigeração dos ambientes internos de uma edificação. Como propos...
Por conta da sua estética harmoniosa, as palmeiras são muito utilizadas em projetos paisagísticos, porém, pouco se sabe a respeito dos benefícios que o vegetal pode proporcionar ao ambiente térmico. Dessa forma, nesta pesquisa serão estudados especificamente três espécies de palmeiras: Wodyetia bifurcata ("Rabo de Raposa"), Phoenix dactylifera ("Ta...
Dwellings with no heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are commonly found in many countries. The long-term thermal performance of these buildings can be assessed based on hourly data of occupant thermal discomfort integrated over the required timespan (e.g. total degree hours of discomfort per year). This approach can be easily...
The objective of this work was to evaluate the heat stress on workers of the construction industry on open-air concrete slabs in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. Brazilian NR-15 provides a method for evaluating the heat stress to which a person is exposed using the WBGT (wet bulb globe temperature) index, prescribing rest pauses according t...
The construction sector is responsible for high levels of energy consumption and for environmental impacts during the life cycle of a building all over the world. Therefore, sustainability has become an inherent topic in building design, in response to the stringency of natural resources and to performance regulations. A way to design sustainable b...
Resumo O aproveitamento da luz diurna minimiza o consumo de energia com iluminação artificial e proporciona maior qualidade visual para seus usuários. Porém, essa estratégia deve ser estudada com cautela para que não resulte em ganhos térmicos excessivos e ofuscamento. Este artigo demonstra o potencial de economia de energia, qualidade visual e tér...
Climatic zoning for building energy efficiency applications is an important element in building energy policy and regulations. There are several methodologies available to conduct climatic zoning, providing significantly different results. Currently, there are no procedures to assess the validity of a proposed climatic zoning, hindering the decisio...
As envoltórias verdes são um meio de tornar a vegetação parte integrante da edificação e de seus sistemas, tais como o de resfriamento passivo. No entanto, as dinâmicas que sustentam o bom desempenho térmico destas envoltórias dependem de diversas variáveis. O objetivo deste artigo foi identificar, através de revisão sistemática da literatura recen...
This paper describes different ways of reducing urban air temperature and their results in two cities: Campinas, Brazil—a warm temperate climate with a dry winter and hot summer (Cwa), and Mendoza, Argentina—a desert climate with cold steppe (BWk). A high-resolution microclimate modeling system—ENVI-met 3.1—was used to evaluate the thermal performa...
Energy efficiency programs have increased due to the high-energy demand in buildings, however electricity consumption in commercial buildings from tropical climate regions is still higher than in similar buildings with high energy performance in developed countries. The design of office buildings in Brazil usually do not take into account the appro...
Energy demand in buildings has increased considerably in recent years, and in developing countries many non-residential buildings are considered efficient by energy labelling programs, despite their high-energy consumption and little environmental conditioning strategies. In the design process, there are several variables to be considered that may...
The effects of bad weather conditions on transmission lines associated with high speed wind events have concerned not only industry players, but also the government and consumers of electricity. Recently in Brazil, events of this nature have caused large-scale disruptions in the supply of electricity, resulting in direct economic losses throughout...
Climatic zoning for building energy efficiency applications is a key element in many programs and policies to improve thermal performance of buildings. In spite of its importance, there is no consensus about the appropriate methodology for climatic zoning. Previous studies indicate a large variety of methods and parameters are currently used for cl...
Natural ventilation is a passive architectural design strategy that should be used whenever possible in hot climate countries like Brazil. One of the several methods used to predict the behaviour of natural ventilation is computational fluid dynamics or CFD. The purpose of this paper is to analyse natural ventilation by wind action inside buildings...
Climatic zoning is an essential element of most building energy efficiency programs, however there is no widely accepted scientific technique for its delineation. This paper reports an investigation on this issue, which comprised the review of climatic zoning methodologies for building energy efficiency programs adopted by 54 countries. The paper i...
Energy efficiency programs have increased in developing countries, but electricity consumption in office buildings is much higher than in similar buildings with high energy performance in developed countries. Also, the design of office buildings in tropical climate usually do not take into account the appropriate bioclimatic principles, which ultim...
The evaluation of the thermal performance of buildings using green roofs, living walls or green walls as envelope protection elements is a very important tool for architects and engineers to minimize heat gain, provide better thermal condition and improve thermal performance. This paper presents three different studies of thermal performance of bui...
The high-energy demand in commercial and office buildings has stimulated the development of certification and energy labeling programs. In this context, benchmarks are methods used for assessing building performance, establishing energy consumption references for efficiency studies. This paper aims to draw up an overview of energy consumption in of...
Introducción E ste ensayo presenta los resultados de una investigación en ca-sas tradicionales y auto-construidas. En él se selecciona a la veranda como un elemento significativo del edificio para lograr confort ambiental, y se puede mostrar como un elemento constan-te en el desarrollo histórico de la casa brasileña. La veranda permite la transició...
Climatic zoning occurs because of climatic conditions and the comfort desired requirements, as the base to establish energy efficiency design guidelines. The process of climatic zoning is a complex subject; however, it is essential in order to promote a bioclimatic architecture framework. The methods used for this purpose are diverse, and depend on...
The use of wind towers located above the roof is an alternative for the promotion of natural ventilation in buildings. Such towers can operate as either catchers or air extractors. This paper, ranked as an exploratory study regarding its objectives, analyzes two types of wind towers that act as catchers: one octodirectional and another dodecadirect...
Urban climate studies can provide information necessary for the improvement of conditions of thermal comfort for people in cities within the Tropics, specially reducing the undesirable effect of heat island. The study presents a human thermal comfort analysis using air temperature (Ta) and Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) conditions whi...
The use of vegetation in cities, either in open spaces or in building roofs or façades is an important tool to mitigating urban heat islands. Although this is a well-known fact, the effect of plants must be evaluated for different climates. This research focuses on the influence of vegetation in façades on the thermal performance of buildings and s...
O bioclima térmico e sua significância no desenho urbano pode ser analisado através dos componentes que predominantemente afetam o conforto térmico nas cidades: morfologia urbana construída representado pela razão altura e largura (H/W), orientação das ruas e presença de vegetação. Este artigo mostra como as condições térmicas podem ser modificadas...
As características termorreguladoras das árvores podem ser mais bem aproveitadas quando há um conhecimento sobre o conforto térmico proporcionado por um indivíduo arbóreo isolado em seu raio de influência. Vários índices de avaliação de conforto térmico têm sido utilizados, mas poucos são, de fato, adaptados à realidade brasileira. O objetivo deste...
Application of a Methodology for Ergonomic Diagnosis of Open Spaces
Carlos A. C Niemeyer, Lucila C. Labaki
Abstract
The article presents a case study regarded to the studies of the ergonomics of the built environment by adopting a methodology of cognitive assessment of open spaces where evokes issues of environmental psychology that involves the s...
Urban climate studies can provide information necessary for the improvement of conditions of thermal comfort for people in cities in the Tropics. This paper presents thermal bioclimate analysis of a case study in Campinas, Brazil, using air temperature (Ta), mean radiant temperature (Tmrt), and Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET), which ca...
Estudos sobre o clima urbano podem trazer dados necessários para melhoria das condições de conforto térmico para seres humanos em cidades tropicais. Este artigo quantificar o bioclima térmico baseado nas frequências da Temperatura do ar (Tar) e Temperatura Fisiologicamente Equivalente (PET) em um período de dez anos (2002 a 2012) e avalia a influen...
Among several urban design parameters, the height-to-width ratio (H/W) and orientation are important parameters strongly affecting thermal conditions in cities. This paper quantifies changes in thermal comfort due to typical urban canyon configurations in Campinas, Brazil, and presents urban guidelines concerning H/W ratios and green spaces to adap...
The “Quality Technical Requirements for the Energy Efficiency Level of Commercial, Services and Public Buildings” (RTQ-C) established by the “National Program for Energy Efficiency of Buildings” – PROCEL Edifica - considers the modeling of the surroundings of the building optional to evaluate its energy efficiency by computational simulation. In th...
This paper presents the analysis of thermal comfort in single-family housing in Brazil, by quantifying the heat loss due to the use of natural ventilation. Thus, it was investigated the relationship of thermal comfort with the possibility of reducing the energy consumption of active conditioning systems. The method comprises the computer simulation...
Áreas verdes urbanas proporcionam diversos benefícios sócio-ambientais nas cidades. Servem como atrativo para recreação, para prática de esportes e descanso, promovendo o bem estar físico e mental das pessoas que as utilizam. Contribuem ainda para o resfriamento do ar através da evapotranspiração e para o melhoramento de sua qualidade ao reter part...
A metodologia proposta pelos “Requisitos Técnicos da Qualidade para o Nível de Eficiência Energética de Edifícios Comerciais, de Serviços e Públicos” (RTQ-C), publicação resultante do Plano de Ação do “Programa Nacional de Eficiência Energética em Edificações” – PROCEL Edifica – considera opcional a inclusão do entorno nas simulações termoenergétic...
The height and width of building and urban structures orientation can modify or change the urban climate and thermal bioclimate of cities in the Tropics as well. This paper presents how the urban canyons can modify the thermal bioclimate in Campinas, Brazil. The meteorological data are: air temperature, air humidity, wind speed and solar radiation...
Different tree species behave in different ways in urban microclimate. The aim of this study is quantify the attenuation of solar radiation provide by trees and Mean Radiant Temperature (Tmrt) calculated by Rayman model in different distances of the tree trunk in Campinas, Brazil. The adopted methods comprise the following steps: a) selection of ap...
The sustainable refurbishment of existing urban systems in the BRIC countries faces both opportunities
and challenges that may not necessarily match those found in the developed world. As a result, different
parameter considerations may be required to meet the variation in both conditions and circumstances.
Good examples of these differences (aside...
It is a well-known fact that waste products are available in large quantities within industries where they are generated. Therefore, this study investigates the incorporation of the agricultural and industrial residue of rice husk ash into the cement-stabilized rammed earth system to recover the use of raw land as a sustainable construction materia...
This paper presents the results of a study on the thermal comfort in open urban spaces, undertaken in pedestrian streets located in the three towns, Campinas, Baurú, and Presidente Prudente, in the state of Sao Paulo. The study was developed as part of a more extensive project on thermal comfort in different kinds of open public spaces in Brazil. T...
This paper presents thermal bioclimate analyses using air temperature, mean radiant temperature and physiologically equivalent temperature conditions in tropical climate of Campinas, Brazil, and also, the influence of solar radiation attenuated by shade clusters in mean radiant temperature. Six homogeneous clusters of trees were chosen: Caesalpinia...
Urban expansion and modification without climate responsive guidelines can provide progressively falling short of sustaining outdoor and, also, indoor life of cities in the Tropics. To re-establish and sustain life inside and outside, it is important to define the thermal bioclimatic of outdoor and, consequently, to make urban spaces comfortable as...
para o período de 2003 a 2010. As simulações de cânions urbanos vegetados foram realizadas a partir do software Rayman Pro. Os modelos tridimensionais de cânions urbano foram: sem árvores e com diferentes agrupamentos arbóreos lineares das sequintes espécies: Mirindiba-bagre (Lafoensia glyptocarpa L.), Sibipiruna (Caesalpinia pluviosa F.), Tipuana...
Este artigo trata de pesquisa experimental e qualitativa sobre vegetação e sua influência no conforto térmico e sobre a qualidade de sombreamento produzido em áreas arborizadas. A motivação deste trabalho veio da consciência da necessidade de quantificar e qualificar a contribuição da vegetação para o conforto térmico, ou seja, a atenuação da radia...
Natural ventilation of buildings is a design strategy for the passive cooling of buildings that can be considerably efficient if properly undertaken. In Brazil, as in many other developing countries, spontaneous (self build) housing is often of poor quality. Also, each of these dwellings has a negative impact on the neighbouring ones and on the imp...
Problem statement: Several methods can be adopted to study the variations in urban climate. The mobile measurement method is one of them, involving information provided by moving measurements of air temperature, that are taken in points defined along pre-established routes and also data from fixed-point temperature recording stations. Because movin...
Results of local-scale surface energy balance observations reveal that latent heat fluxes, Qe, provided by trees are important in the surface energy control of cities. Arboreal species provide different storage latent heat, a characteristic related with the mitigation of air temperature in local-scale provided by them. The aim of this work is to co...
The thermoregulatory characteristics of trees can be used effectively when there is knowledge available about the thermal comfort provided by an individual isolated tree in its radius of influence. Several thermal comfort indices have been used, but only a few of them are actually adapted to the Brazilian reality. The aim of this study is to compar...
O presente trabalho faz parte de uma pesquisa que investiga e compara o desempenho térmico de duas salas de aula (salas 03 e 04) localizadas na Escola Estadual Professora Maria Alice Colevati Rodrigues na cidade de Campinas, SP. Entrevistas foram feitas com os alunos e questionários aplicados aos professores e funcionários para verificar o nível de...
RESUMO A ventilação natural em regiões tropicais é uma eficiente estratégia de projeto para a obtenção de conforto térmico e para a redução do consumo de energia. O aproveitamento dos recursos naturais e das condicionantes do clima melhora a integração do edifício com o entorno e a obtenção do conforto através de sistemas passivos de condicionament...
As características termorreguladoras das árvores podem ser mais bem aproveitadas quando há um conhecimento sobre o conforto térmico proporcionado por um indivíduo arbóreo isolado em seu raio de influência. Vários índices de avaliação de conforto térmico têm sido utilizados, mas poucos são, de fato, adaptados à realidade brasileira. O objetivo deste...
This study investigated the role of urban forest fragments in thermal comfort. For that purpose, five different locations in the city of Campinas (Brazil) were monitored during the summer, autumn and winter of 2009. Microclimatic data were obtained with the use of a portable weather station that measured air temperature, air humidity, radiation, wi...
Natural ventilation of buildings is a design strategy for passive cooling of buildings that can be considerably efficient if design parameters are correctly established. In Brazil, the Sarah Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals projected by the architect João Filgueiras Lima has sheds as landmark architectural element in all hospitals. Besides being...
A análise das mudanças climáticas pode ser realizada por monitoramento de elementos climáticos por longos períodos de tempo, permitindo visualizar mudanças direcionais ou periódicas no clima de determinadas regiões. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar uma análise dos principais elementos climáticos, no Município de Piracicaba, SP utilizand...
RESUMO O objetivo principal deste trabalho é verificar os ambientes térmicos em fundos de vale na cidade de Campinas, SP e correlacionar os dados climáticos com a morfologia urbana. A revisão bibliográfica trata da evolução urbana da cidade de cidade de Campinas, citando as principais correntes urbanísticas de cada época, e sobre comportamento térm...
The primary aim of this paper is to compare the thermal and energetic response under periodic conditions of two west-oriented wall systems, which have the same performance when analyzed under steady-state environments. Thermal inertia has been addressed using periodic solutions of the heat conduction equation proposed by Fourier, by means of harmon...
External colour has a strong influence on the thermal performance of buildings. The effects of solar heat gain, as a function of the reflectance of external surfaces of the buildings are well known. However, there is little information available about this parameter. This article aims to contribute to fill this gap. Samples of paints of different c...
This paper describes a research about urban thermal environment in the city of Campinas, Southeast region of Brazil. The aim of the work is to identify urban heat islands and their relation with land use. Data collection was carried out through temperature measurements in fixed points in a central area of the city with different configurations: hor...
RESUMO Esse trabalho apresenta a experiência de ensino dos conceitos de projeto bioclimático em disciplina de projeto do curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da UNICAMP. Observa-se que a associação da teoria na área de conforto e prática no ensino de projeto de arquitetura fornece uma série de restrições necessárias ao processo criativo. Relata-se a ex...
Ligthing analisys of public space at Unicamp, lighting eficiency and space public confort.
