Luciano Mescia

Polytechnic University of Bari | Poliba · Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’Informazione

In this paper, an accurate finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) scheme formodeling time-domain wave propagation in arbitrary dispersive biological media is proposed. The main drawback occurring in the conventional FDTD implementation for such materials is the approximation of the fractional derivatives appearing in the relevent time-domain permitti...

A novel finite-difference time-domain algorithm for modeling ultrawideband electromagnetic pulse propagation in arbitrary multirelaxed dispersive media is presented. The proposed scheme is based on a general, yet computationally efficient, series representation of the fractional derivative operators associated with the permittivity functions descri...

In this work, we developed and exploited simulation tools to optimize the performances of rare earth doped fiber amplifiers (REDFAs) for space missions. To describe these systems, a state-of-the-art model based on the rate equations and the particle swarm optimization technique is developed in which we also consider the main radiation effect on RED...

As telecommunication systems evolve, there is an increasing demand for multi‐band MIMO base‐station antennas. Antenna arrays are generally used to support multiple frequencies with multiple ports in a compact size. However, this can result in significant degradation in scattering patterns and return loss/port isolation due to the close proximity of...

In this paper, the effects of irreversible electroporation induced by rectangular long unipolar and short bipolar voltage pulses on 3D cells have been illustrated. The cells geometry was reconstructed starting from 3D images of real cells obtained using the confocal microscopy technique. A numerical model based on the Maxwell and the asymptotic Smo...

This paper outlines the numerical modeling procedure aimed at defining the guidelines for the development of a continuous microwave-assisted pilot plant for shelled almond disinfestation, as an alternative to the use of chemicals. To this end, a 3D Multiphysics numerical tool involving both electromagnetic and thermal models was developed to predic...

In this work, the design of a novel class of 3D dielectric lens antennas through the use of a lab-made electromagnetic tool is presented. The lens antenna is modeled using a generalized superformula allowing additional degree of freedom which can be exploited to obtain complex lens shapes with flat surface regions, steep sides, a non-rotational sym...

The olive oil extraction industry often uses unit-constructed processing lines lacking in the necessary efficiency and sustainability. The development of efficient processing lines is seen as crucial in obtaining higher product quality and extraction yields. In recent years, numerous researchers and companies have explored the possibilities of assi...

The interaction of diatoms with sunlight is fundamental in order to deeply understand their role in terrestrial ecology and biogeochemistry, essentially due to their massive contribution to global primary production through photosynthesis and its effect on carbon, oxygen and silicon cycles. Following the journey of light through natural waters, its...

In this paper, an improved quantum‐behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) approach for modeling antenna impedance is illustrated. In the proposed study, the enhanced weighted quantum particles swarm optimization (EWQPSO) is introduced with the aim to achieve local convergence acting on a reduced number of free parameters. To verify the performa...

The use of fractional derivatives and integrals has been steadily increasing thanks to their ability to capture effects and describe several natural phenomena in a better and systematic manner. Considering that the study of fractional calculus theory opens the mind to new branches of thought, in this paper, we illustrate that such concepts can be s...

We investigated the X-ray radiation impact on the performances of “backup” Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs) and Erbium-Ytterbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EYDFA). These devices are exposed to the space radiation constraints, unpowered in the “OFF” mode, up to their hypothetic activation during the mission. This atypical profile of use must be con...

In this paper, a novel wearable and non-invasive potassium sensors based on a flexible electromagnetic filter is presented. The filter topology includes a tapered feed line loaded four supershaped double split ring resonators with gap parallel to the line. The Kapton dielectric substrates was taken into account for its flexibility, chemical and hig...

In this paper, the recent progress on sinuous antennas is detailed, focusing the attention on the antenna geometry, dielectric structure, and miniaturization techniques. In the first part, we introduce the basic principles of the frequency-independent antenna, in particular the self-complementary and log-periodic geometries, as well as the antenna...

We investigate the radiation effects on a Brillouin-based optical fiber sensor (OFS). This OFS exploits a single-mode optical fiber (SMF) having a Brillouin signature presenting multiple peaks. This specificity allows performing distributed and discriminated measurements of the temperature and strain time evolutions along the fiber. The particular...

We characterize the gain degradations of an Er‐doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) during the exposure of its active Er‐doped fiber to 40 keV X‐rays (∽2.7 mrad(SiO2)/s up to 300 krad) at three different temperatures: ‐40°C, 25°C and 120°C. The spectral dependence of the fiber radiation‐induced attenuation (RIA) was also monitored in situ in the 900‐1600 n...

Electroporation technique is based on the perturbation of the cell membrane through the application of high-voltage electric pulses of short duration. This phenomenon is used at present in medicine and biotechnology. In this paper, a non-linear dispersive model of the electroporation process in irregularly nucleated shaped cells is presented. In pa...

We investigated the coupled radiation and temperature effect on the gain degradation of erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and erbium–ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier (EYDFA). The irradiation temperatures range from −40 °C to 120 °C. Steady-state $X$ -ray (40 keV, 300 krad (SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http...

By combining simulations and experiments, low-loss optical fiber structure was optimized to allow discriminative monitoring of temperature and strain through Brillouin sensing: discrimination capability of ~5°C/MHz and ~100µε/MHz is shown for the best manufactured fiber.

We review the recent advances concerning the development of radiation tolerant fiber-based optical amplifiers for space applications. Particularly, the combined effects of radiation and temperature on the EDFA or EYDFA performances are discussed highlighting that their radiation vulnerabilities can strongly depend on their profiles of use.

This paper presents the design of an ultra-wideband (UWB) four arms non-conventional sinuous antenna exploiting the advantages of two optimized miniaturization techniques. The antenna works from 1.5 GHz to 18 GHz, radiating a slant 45 polarization. It is printed on a dielectric substrate having a diameter of 6 cm. Finally the antenna exhibits good...

When high-amplitude, short-duration electric pulses are applied to cells the permeability of their membranes is increased. From the biological point of view, the phenomenon is quite well understood, however, it is important to develop accurate numerical models to investigate the electroporation effectiveness in terms of electrical, geometrical and...

We investigated the X-ray [40 keV, 700 Gy(SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ), ~80 mGy/s] radiation effects on the performances (gain) of Er-doped fiber preamplifier (EDFA) and Er/Yb codoped fiber boost amplifier (EYDFA). Various EDFA and EYDFA architectures have been designed...

Starting from these premises, this book chapter aims to investigate physical transmission rates and communication ranges reachable in human tissues, starting from the formulation of a sophisticated channel model that takes into account the frequency and spatial dependence of the skin permittivity. First, the communication channel is modeled as a st...

In this work, the electroporation phenomenon induced by pulsed electric field on different nucleated biological cells is studied. A nonlinear, non‐local, dispersive, and space–time multiphysics model based on Maxwell's and asymptotic Smoluchowski's equations has been developed to calculate the transmembrane voltage and pore density on both plasma a...

thirteen different single-mode optical fibers have been experimentally and theoretically characterized highlighting the influence of the core and cladding dopants on their Brillouin signatures: Brillouin spectrum, temperature and strain coefficients. Tailoring the composition and the refractive index profile, optical fibers presenting Brillouin spe...

We evaluate the potential of a new architecture of distributed optical fiber sensor (DOFS) to discriminate between the temperature and strain changes along a single optical fiber exposed to radiation. This DOFS exploits the measurements of both the Landau-Placzek ratio (LPR) and the Brillouin Frequency Shift (BFS) to achieve the discrimination betw...

In this paper, a multiphysics numerical model based on the spatial‐dependent rate equations and 3‐D non‐homogeneous heat conduction model is used to investigate the performance of Er³⁺/Yb³⁺‐codoped double‐clad fiber amplifiers with respect to the constraints associated with space applications. The effects of fiber length, coating thickness, and cor...

Electroporation technique is widely used in biotechnology and medicine for the transport of various molecules through the membranes of biological cells. Different mathematical models of electroporation have been proposed in the literature to study pore formation in plasma and nuclear membranes. These studies are mainly based on models using a singl...

Fractional calculus is a fruitful field of research in science and engineering. The concept of fractional exponents is an outgrowth of exponents with integer value. In the same way, fractional order of integration is a generalization of the mathematical operations of differentiation and integration to arbitrary, general, noninteger order. Although...

In this topical review, the recent progress on radiation-hardened fiber-based technologies is detailed, focusing on examples for space applications. In the first part of the review, we introduce the operational principles of the various fiber-based technologies considered for use in radiation environments: passive optical fibers for data links, dia...

The radiation responses of different high-power erbium/ytterbium-codoped fiber amplifiers (HP-EYDFA) have been investigated up to 100 krad ( SiO 2 ) dose levels. These devices are able to deliver 20 W of signal output power at 1565 nm by pumping at 915 nm (43 W) radiation tolerant (Er/Yb) or radiation hardened (ErYbCe) active few mode fibers; these...

A waveguide for electromagnetic radiation, which is a substrate integrated waveguide which is basically a laminate of planar layers comprising: - a substrate layer of dielectric material; - a bottom layer and a top layer of an electrically conductive material provided on the respective bottom surface and top surface of the substrate layer; - a mult...

In this paper, we present a multiphysics modeling of rare earth–doped cladding–pumped fiber amplifiers to predict the device performance with respect to the constraints associated with space missions. By combining the 3-D non-homogeneous heat conduction equation with the nonlinear rate equations, the developed numerical algorithm makes possible the...

The temperature dependence of the emission and absorption cross sections of Er and Yb ions in rare-earth doped aluminosilicate optical fibers is experimentally investigated. The obtained results demonstrate that the McCumber theory accurately predicts the temperature induced changes of the emission cross section spectrum up to 500°C when the absorp...

The actual challenge for space researchers is to increase the free space telecommunications data speed transfer. One of the most promising solutions is the optical communication systems. This technology can be used for the inter-satellite and/or satellite-ground links, reaching the TB/s speed for data transfer in the case of Dense Wavelengths Divis...

The impact of exposing an optical fiber to 6 MeV electrons on the performances of Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) distributed sensors is investigated. Six different types of optical fibers with different core compositions and coatings have been tested: four fibers are metal-coated (copper, gold or aluminum) for high temperature (> 300...

Brillouin signatures of 15 fibers are characterized experimentally and theoretically highlighting the core and cladding dopants influence. Tailoring the fiber composition and refractive index profile, multi-peak fibers allowing discriminating between temperature and strain appear feasible.

The evolution of Ytterbium ²F5/2 and Erbium ⁴I13/2 energy level lifetimes versus doses of various radiation types (40 keV X-rays, 480 MeV protons, 1.2 MeV γ-rays and 6 MeV electrons) were investigated on samples of silica-based Rare-Earth Doped optical Fibers (REDFs). For each studied sample (Er-doped and Er/Yb-doped), a strong dependence of the li...

Electromagnetic fields are involved in several therapeutic and diagnostic applications such as hyperthermia and electroporation. For these applications, pulsed electric fields (PEFs) and transient phenomena are playing a key role for understanding the biological response due to the exposure to non-ionizing wideband pulses. To this end, the PEF prop...

During the past decades, the poration of cell membrane induced by pulsed electric fields has been widely investigated. Since the basic mechanisms of this process have not yet been fully clarified, many research activities are focused on the development of suitable theoretical and numerical models. To this end, a nonlinear, non-local, dispersive and...

A novel finite–difference time–domain algorithm for modeling ultra–wideband electromagnetic pulse propagation in layered multi–relaxed Havriliak–Negami media is presented. The proposed scheme is based on a general, yet computationally efficient, series representation of the fractional derivative operator associated with the permittivity function de...

The chapter will describe the potential of the swarm intelligence and in particular quantum PSO-based algorithm, to solve complicated electromagnetic problems. This task is accomplished through addressing the design and analysis challenges of some key real-world problems. A detailed definition of the conventional PSO and its quantum-inspired versio...

The invention relates to a patch antenna. The invention also relates to an antenna system for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals comprising at least one antenna according to the invention. The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing an antenna according to the invention. The invention moreover relates to a method for...

This chapter summarizes the physical properties of THz antennas, provides a summary of some of the most important recent developments in the field of energy harvesting of Earth long-wave infrared radiation, discusses the potential applications and identifies the future challenges and opportunities. In particular, a THz antenna is designed in order...

Optical ber sensors have attracted a great interest because of their excellent characteristics of antielectromagnetic, light weight, žexible, and remote sensing. Especially in recent years, with the emergence of a variety of novel nanomaterials and the great progress of micro/nanoprocessing technology, the nanomaterialsfunctional and original-stru...

A Body Area Nano-NETwork represents a system of biomedical nano-devices that, equipped with sensing, computing, and communication capabilities, can be implanted, ingested, or worn by humans for collecting diagnostic information and tuning medical treatments. The communication among these nano-devices can be enabled by graphene-based nano-antennas,...

The electromagnetic analysis of a special class of 3-D dielectric lens antenna is describedin detail. This new class of lens antennashas a geometrical shape defined by the three-dimensional extension of Gielis’ formula. The analytical description of the lens shape allowsthedevelopmentof a dedicated semi-analytical hybrid modeling approach based on...

The interaction of electromagnetic fields and biological tissues has become a topic of increasing interest for new research activities in bioelectrics, a new interdisciplinary field combining knowledge of electromagnetic theory, modeling, and simulations, physics, material science, cell biology, and medicine. In particular, the feasibility of pulse...

Presents the author's reply to, "Fractional derivative based FDTD modeling of transient wave propagation in Havriliak???Negami media" (Rekanos, I.T, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 63, no. 12, Dec. 2015).

In this paper, an accurate finite– difference time-domain (FDTD) scheme for mod-eling the electromagnetic pulse propagation in arbitrary dispersive media is presented. The main mathematical drawbacks encountered while solving this class of problems by means of the FDTD technique is the approximation of the fractional derivatives appearing in the ti...

A novel class of supershaped dielectric lens antennas, whose geometry is described by the three-dimensional (3D) Gielis’ formula, is introduced and analysed. To this end, a hybrid modelling approach based on geometrical and physical optics is adopted in order to efficiently analyse the multiple wave reflections occurring within the lens and to eval...

Des outils de simulation multi-physiques nous permettent de prédire les performances d'un amplificateur optique à base de fibre active Er ou Er/Yb en termes de gain et de bruit. Les travaux présentés visent à implémenter un module additionnel en vue de prédire leur comportement sous irradiation. Dans sa version publiée, les pertes induites par l'ir...

This chapter summarizes the physical properties of THz antennas, provides a summary of some of the most important recent developments in the field of energy harvesting of Earth long-wave infrared radiation, discusses the potential applications and identifies the future challenges and opportunities. In particular, a THz antenna is designed in order...

In this paper, a dual-band Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) resonator with Sierpinski fractal geometry is proposed. The space-filling property of the employed fractal shape allows to reduce the resonator size. The bandwidth, the minimum insertion loss, the maximum return loss and the stop band rejection are considered for evaluating the effect...

publications/rights/index.html for more information. This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI 10. Optimization of the design of high power Er 3+ /Yb 3+ –codoped fiber amplifiers for space missions by means...