Luciano Bullini

Luciano Bullini
  • national member at Accademia dei Lincei

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132
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Current institution
Accademia dei Lincei
Accademia dei Lincei
Current position
  • national member

Publications

Publications (132)
Article
Full-text available
The genetic structure of tetraploid (4x = 44) North American species of Primula subgenus Auriculastrum: P. suffrutescens, P. parryi, P. rusbyi, and P. angustifolia was analyzed at seven enzyme loci and compared with that of the related diploid P. cuneifolia and P. nipponica. The studied tetraploid species showed fixed or almost fixed heterozygosity...
Article
Speciation by hybridization in insects has been recently recognized on the basis of isozyme and chromosome studies showing that several species, either diploid or polyploid, have genomes that combine the genes and chromosome sets of 2 (or more) bisexual species. Until this evidence became available, thelytokous invertebrates were all considered uni...
Article
The analysis of a zone of parapatric contact between the European plethodontid salamanders Speleomantes ambrosii and Speleomantes strinatii in northwestern Italy (Liguria) has shown that no syntopic populations exist in the area. The spatial distributions of both species and their relationships with the main environmental parameters has been invest...
Article
The genetic variation of Culex pipiens from Egypt and Israel was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic analysis of 17 enzyme loci: α-Gpdh, Mdh-1, Mdh-2, Me-1, Me-2, Idh-1, Idh-2, 6Pgdh, G3pdh, Got-1, Got-2, Hk-1, Adk, Pgm, Ald, Tpi and Gpi. Esterases were also studied for the occurrence of high-active patterns involved in organophosphate res...
Article
1. Population size as well as the absolute and relative frequencies of the phegea and filipendulae mimetic complexes have been estimated in an area of Central Italy selected because it is: (a) little affected by man, (b) representative of many others in the Central Appennines, and (c) containing an abundant population of Zygaena ephialtes. 2. This...
Article
The hybrid origin of the western Mediterranean orchid Dactylorhiza insularis was demonstrated by genetic markers. Allozyme data showed that throughout its range D. insularis has an allotriploid constitution and reproduces apomictically. The parental species of D. insularis were identified as D. romana and D. sambucina ; they contributed 2 alleles a...
Article
In the present study, a new biological species of Anisakis Dujardin, 1845, was detected in Kogia breviceps and K. sima from West Atlantic waters (coast of Florida) on the basis of 19 (nuclear) structural genes studied by multilocus allozyme electrophoresis. Fixed allele differences at 11 enzyme loci were found between specimens of both adults and l...
Article
Proportions of hybridization and introgression between the swallowtails Papilio hospiton, endemic to Sardinia and Corsica, and the holarctic Papilio machaon, were characterized using nine fully diagnostic and two differentiated allozyme loci and a mitochondrial DNA marker. Very low frequencies of F1 hybrids were detected in both Sardinia (0-4%, ave...
Article
Full-text available
Genetic variation of Contracaecum ogmorhini (sensu lato) populations from different otariid seals of the northern and southern hemisphere was studied on the basis of 18enzyme loci as well as preliminary sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytb gene (260bp). Samples were collected from Zalophus californianus in the boreal region and from Arctocep...
Article
Two distinct population groups of the pond frog Rana lessonae were detected in peninsular Italy and Sicily by multilocus electrophoresis: one group inhabits the peninsula down to northern Calabria, the second occurs in southern Calabria and on Sicily. Fixed alternative alleles distinguish the two groups at 5 of the 25 loci examined; marked allele f...
Article
Full-text available
Genetic variation at 21 gene-enzyme systems was studied in a sample of an adult population of Anisakis typica (Diesing, 1860) recovered in the dolphin Sotalia fluviatilis from the Atlantic coast of Brazil. The characteristic alleles, detected in this population, made it possible to identify as A. typica, Anisakis larvae with a Type I morphology (se...
Article
In order to assess the taxonomic status of Anisakis brevispiculata Dollfus, 1966 population samples of this taxon from central and south-eastern Atlantic ocean were compared at 22 enzymatic loci with samples belonging to Anisakis physeteris Baylis, 1923 from the Mediterranean sea and central-eastern Atlantic ocean. Very low interpopulational geneti...
Article
The hybrid origin of the western Mediterranean orchid Dactylorhiza insularis was demonstrated by genetic markers. Allozyme data showed that throughout its range D. insularis has an allotriploid constitution and reproduces apomictically. The parental species of D. insularis were identified as D. romana and D. sambucina; they contributed 2 alleles an...
Article
Five genetically distinct and reproductively isolated species have been detected previously within the morphospecies Pseudoterranova decipiens from the Arctic-Boreal, Boreal and Antarctic. Morphological analysis was carried out on male specimens identified by genetic (allozyme) markers, allowing the detection of significant differences at a number...
Article
Allozyme markers were used to identify anisakid nematodes from marine Japanese waters, morphologically assigned to three species complexes: Anisakis simplex (s. l.), Contracaecum osculatum (s. l.) and Pseudoterranova decipiens (s. l.). Samples assigned to A. simplex (s. l.) were found to correspond genetically to A. simplex sensu stricto, those of...
Article
We report results on a systematic study of the genus Tuber using isozyme analysis. Eighteen enzyme loci were analyzed on numerous fruitbodies of various morphotaxa collected from different Spanish, French, Italian and Istrian locations. Fruitbodies were classified into 20 electrophoretic types based on isozyme polymorphisms. Genetic distances were...
Article
This paper reports multilocus electrophoresis for identification of Tuber ectomycorrhizae. The commercial value of some species (e.g., T. magnatum, T. melanosporum and T. aestivum) makes their identification particularly important at the ectomycorrhizal stage, for inoculating practices as well as to track the environmental fate of the inoculated sp...
Article
We report results on a systematic study of the genus Tuber using isozyme analysis. Eighteen enzyme loci were analyzed on numerous fruitbodies of various morphotaxa collected from different Spanish, French, Italian and Istrian locations. Fruitbodies were classified into 20 electrophoretic types based on isozyme polymorphisms. Genetic distances were...
Article
This paper reports multilocus electrophoresis for identification of Tuber ectomycorrhizae. The commercial value of some species (e.g., T. magnatum, T. melanosporum and T. aestivum) makes their identification particularly important at the ectomycorrhizal stage, for inoculating practices as well as to track the environmental fate of the inoculated sp...
Article
Larvae and adults of Anisakis, recovered from the beaked whales Mesoplodon layardii and Ziphius cavirostris from the Mediterranean Sea and South African waters, were analysed morphologically and by molecular markers (allozymes). A new Anisakis species was identified, showing fixed allele differences at a number of loci from the other Anisakis spp....
Chapter
Molecular studies were carried out on anisakid nematodes from the Pacific Boreal region, causal agents of human anisakiosis. Genetic markers showed that the three taxa detected in this area at the morphological level include at least six reproductively isolated biological species: Anisakis simplex sensu stricto and A. simplex C, belonging to the A....
Article
BIOGEOGHAPHIA — val. XIX — 1997 (Pubblicata il 31 attobre 1998) Gli eflefli delle variazioni climatiche pleisioceniche sulla dinamica dei popolamenti animali e vegetali nella Penisola italiana Paleogeografia della Sardegna ed evoluzione degli Hydromomtes (Amphibia, Plethodontidae) ROBERTA CIMMARUTA*, GIUSEPPE NASCETTI **, GIANLUCA FORTI *—***, BENEDE...
Article
B/OGEOGHAPH/A - vol. XIX - 1997 (Pubblicato II 31 attobre 1998) Gli efiem delle variazioni climatiche pleistoceniche sulla dinamica dei popolamenti animali e vegetali nella Penisola italiana Glaciazioni del Quaternario e mictoevoluzione delle popolazioni continentali del genere Hydromantes (Amphibia, Plethodontidae) GIANLUCA FORTI *—***, ROBERTA CIM...
Article
Data are reported on genetic variation at 30 enzyme loci in Austropotamobius crayfish from France, England, Italy, Spain, and the Balkans. Three population groups were detected, corresponding to A. torrentium, A. pallipes and A. italicus (sensu KARAMAN, 1962). Reproductive isolation between these three taxa was demonstrated in the field. Population...
Article
Isozyme analysis at 24 loci was carried out on anisakid nematodes of the Anisakis simplex complex, recovered from various intermediate/paratenic (squid, fish) and definitive (marine mammals) hosts from various parts of the world. A number of samples were found to belong to A. simplex sensu stricto and Anisakis pegreffii, widely extending the geogra...
Article
Three taxa were detected by allozyme markers within the mealy aphids of the Hyalopterus pruni complex, having different cultivated Prunus species as main primary hosts. The genetically closer H. pruni and H. amygdali A (DNei= 0.10) never share primary hosts, whereas H. amygdali A and B (DNei= 0.32) may occasionally share them, producing few F1 hybr...
Article
Phallosome morphology (DV/D ratio) and allozyme variation were used to reexamine the transition from Culex pipiens pipiens L. to Cx. p. quinquefasciatus Say, detected in California from the northern Central Valley to the Mexican border of the United States of America. Significant deficiency of heterozygotes was observed at the diagnostic locus Mdhp...
Article
Full-text available
The classification of Ochthebius (Calobius) is revised using isozyme analysis combined with a preliminary morphological study of population samples from 69 Mediterranean and Macaronesian localities. Seven taxa are recognized, including 3 new taxa, provisionally designated as Ochthebius species A from Italy, O. heeri subspecies A from the western Ca...
Article
Genetic variation of 33 enzyme loci was analysed electrophoretically in 32 populations of the plethodontid genus Hydromantes from southern France, northern and central Italy, and Sardinia. Eight taxa were recognized, included in three groups: from the mainland, eastern Sardinia, and south-western Sardinia, respectively. In the mainland area, two se...
Article
Genetic divergence between population samples ofOrchis laxiflora and ofO. palustris from various European locations was studied by electrophoretic analysis of 25 enzyme loci. An average genetic distance of DNei = 1.24 was found between the two taxa, with 12 out of 25 loci showing alternative alleles (diagnostic loci). Genetic heterogeneity was obse...
Article
Full-text available
Morphological analysis of phallosome and multilocus electrophoresis were used to characterize populations of the Culex pipiens L. complex from Madagascar. Samples phenotypically and genetically corresponding to Cx. p. quinquefasciatus Say were found on the east and west coasts, whereas, on the high plateau, 1 sample was composed mostly of phenotypi...
Article
Full-text available
The genetic differentiation ofOrchis papilionacea from Italy, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, and Greece was analyzed by isozyme studies. No significant differences at any of the 28 loci tested were observed between samples of the putative subspeciespapilionacea from Italy,grandiflora from Sicily andheroica from Greece, or by comparing sympatricpapilion...
Article
Genetic variation of the Antarctic anisakid Contracaecum radiatum from the Ross and Weddell Seas is studied at 24 enzyme loci. All polymorphic loci proved to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, with no significant differences between the samples tested. Several loci were found to be diagnostic between C. radiatum and the five known members of the C....
Article
Genetic variation at 28 protein loci was analyzed electrophoretically in populations of the Central European treefrog, Hyla arborea arborea, from Italy, Switzerland, Germany and the Balkans. Two distinct population groups were detected, differing at 9 more or less diagnostic loci, one ranging from Sicily to peninsular Italy, northwards to the Itali...
Article
A new natural hybrid: Orchis X daunia, between the Roman orchid Dactylorhiza romana (Sebastiani) Soó and the Wedge-Lipped orchid D. saccifera (Brogn.) Soó is described from Gargano promontory, south-eastern Italy. D. romana and D. saccifera, both from the central-eastern Mediterranean region, are well differentiated at the morphological and ecologi...
Article
Full-text available
Genetic studies have revealed in Southern Corsica, near Bonifacio, not only the existence of sporadic F<sub>1</sub> hybrids between Orchis longicornu Poiret and O. morio L., but of a hybrid zone where both parental taxa are more or less introgressed. Our data indicate complete interfertility between the two taxa, which should therefore be considere...
Article
The increasing number of hybrid species, discovered in both vertebrates and invertebrates by the combined use of chromosome, allozyme and molecular markers, calls for a reevaluation of hybrid speciation and reticulate evolution In animals. The array of reproductive strategies recently detected In phylogenetically related stick Insects allows us to...
Article
Full-text available
The genetic structure of adults and larvae of Contracaecum osculatum (sensu lato) from the Antarctic is analyzed on the basis of 24 enzyme loci. Significant deviations of genotype frequencies from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were found, even in samples recovered from the same host. These data indicate that two distinct, reproductively isolated s...
Article
Genetic variation within and between population samples from 22 locations of the Atlantic Arctic-Boreal region, including 1657 specimens morphologically assigned to Contracaecum osculatum, was electrophoretically analysed at 17 loci. Highly significant deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were found at various loci in several samples, owi...
Article
Data are presented on genetic variation at 27 enzyme loci of the Green-Winged orchid,Orchis morio, in 18 population samples from Italy. The existence in Italy of two subspecies, i.e. subspp.morio andpicta, is not supported by allozyme data. No genetic heterogeneity was found betweenmorio-like andpicta-like samples and specimens. Moreover, morpholog...
Article
Genetic variation of 1017 specimens of codworm, Pseudoterranova decipiens, collected from fish and seals at 23 sampling locations in the North Atlantic and Norwegian and Barents Seas, was analysed on the basis of 16 enzyme loci. Three reproductively isolated species, provisionally designated P. decipiens A, B and C, were detected, showing distinct...
Article
Full-text available
Data are given on the genetic structure, morphology and chorology of the Long-Spurred orchid, Orchis longicornu Poiret (1789) from Sardinia and the occurrence in this island of the morphologically similar Orchis morio L. (1753), often recorded for Sardinia, is investigated. The genetic analysis of 27 enzyme lo ci in population samples from location...
Article
The genetic differentiation between the members of the Dugesia (Girardia) dorotocephala group was analyzed by means of multilocus electrophoresis, and comared to that of another planarian secies, D. tahitiensis, also belonging to the subgenus Girardia. The species examined were: D. dorotocephala s.s (2n = 16), D. arizonensis (2n = 8), D. jenkinsae...
Article
Full-text available
Genetic variation and divergence of several populations of moles of the genus Talpa from Spain, Austria, Italy, and Greece were investigated by means of the electrophoretic analysis of 38 enzyme loci. All samples tested showed a low level of genetic variability, most loci being monomorphic. The expected mean heterozygosity per locus (He) ranged fro...
Article
The relationships between larvae and adults of Anisakis from the Mediterranean Sea and North-East Atlantic Ocean were analysed by multilocus electrophoresis. The correspondence of type I larvae with the A. simplex complex, including the sibling species A. simplex A and B, and of type II larvae with A. physeteris is confirmed. 19 of the 22 loci stud...
Article
The holomediterranean species Bacillus rossius includes many subspecific taxa, which can be characterized both on the basis of electrophoretic allozyme frequencies and egg chorionic pattern. At present, 8 subspecies have been identified; they are, following a clock‐wise direction from the south‐eastern to the north‐western: B.r. tripolitanus A, B.r...
Article
The paper describes the egg morphology, at the optical and scanning electron microscope levels, in four Sicilian species of Bacillus (Insecta Phasmatodea): B. rossius (Rossi), diploid with bisexual and parthenogenetic populations, B. grandit Nascetti & Bullini, diploid strictly bisexual, the parthenogenetic B. whitei Nascetti & Bullini diploid and...
Article
BIOGEOGRAPHIA - vol. XI - 1985 Principi e metodi deIl’anaIisi biogeografica Divergenza genetica di popolazioni naturali e inferenze biogeografiche G. NASCETTI*, B. LANZA**, M. CAPULA*** 8: L. BULLINI* q‘Dz'partz'mem‘o di Genetica e Biologia Molecolare, Um'z2ersz'tci dz’ Roma «La Sczpz'enzagg; q”‘Istz'tuto dzq Amztomia Compamta, Biologia Genemle e G...
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Nascetti G., Paggi L., Orecchia P., Smith J.W., Mattiucci S. and Bullini L.1986. Electrophoretic studies on the Anisakis simplex complex (Ascaridida: Anisakidae) from the Mediterranean and North-East Atlantic. International Journal for Parasitology 16: 633–640. The genetic variation of the sibling species Anisakis simplex A and A. simplex B was inv...
Article
The genetic structure of Anisakis physeteris from the Mediterranean Sea has been analysed electrophoretically at 22 enzyme loci. The samples studied, although differing in the life-stage (larvae and adults), and in the host (the fishes Micromesistius poutassou and Trachurus trachurus, and the sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus) were genetically hom...
Article
Species whose life cycle is carried out on a single homeothermic host show lower genetic variability (by a factor of c1/3) than do those needing both poikilothermic and homeothermic hosts. -from Authors
Article
Data are reported on the genetic structure of three Onchocerca volvulus populations, respectively from Mali (savanna), Ivory Coast (forest), and Zaire (forest gallery in savanna). Electrophoretic analysis, carried out on 25 gene-enzyme systems, has shown a remarkable genetic heterogeneity existing within O.volvulus. Zaire and West Africa population...
Article
An increasing number of animal species of hybrid origin has been detected in recent years in different groups. In the present paper many of such cases are reviewed in detail and the mechanisms involved in their evolution are examined. The origin of an animal hybridogen requires: a) an interspecific hybridization, and b) changes in the maturation di...
Article
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aminopeptidase (AMP) distribution has been investigated histochemically in the digestive tract of Eutardigrada of the genera Macrobiotus and Hypsibius, in relation to cell features, to pH values inside the gut and to different life conditions. In the salivary glands, ALP seems to play a role in secretory activity, rat...
Article
The karyotypic variability of European Mus musculus domesticus populations with Robertsonian karyotype rearrangements has led to a complex speciation pattern. This paper discusses the reproductive isolating mechanisms acting in the system of populations inhabiting the S slopes of the Rhaetian Alps and Lombardy (N Italy). Post-mating isolation, caus...
Article
The genetic structure was compared of ascaridoid species whose life cycle is carried out: a) on a single homoiothermic host; b) on several hosts, both poikilothermic and homoiothermic. Natural selection is the major factor promoting and maintaining the different patterns of genetic variability found. Different life cycles make them experience diffe...
Article
The morphology of the egg of a hybrid stick insect from the cross between Bacillus atticus caprai and B. rossius redtenbacheri has been studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Comparisons are made between eggs laid by both natural and laboratory hybrid females, and those of the parental species. The main differences observed concern the caps...
Article
Morphological and genetic studies are reported on western Mediterranean populations of Discoglossus (D. pictus Otth, D. sardus Tschudi, D. scovazzi Camerano) (Amphibia Salientia Discoglossidae). A new species from Corsica, reproductively isolated from D. sardus, has been detected: D. montalentii n. sp., and its description is given. To date, D. mon...
Article
Field and laboratory studies were carried out on populations of Anopheles sicaulti and An. labranchiae from the Moroccan province of Tetouan, in order to evaluate the hypothesis of a specific rank for the former taxon, recently suggested by White (1978). The egg morphology, and particularly the exochorion pattern and the number of float ribs, showe...
Article
The morphology of the egg of the stick-insect Bacillus atticus caprai Nascetti and Bullini (Insecta Cheleutoptera Bacillidae), the Italian member of the parthenogenetic B. atticus complex, was observed with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). A structural organization common to all the Cheleutoptera so far investigated at the SEM level is descr...
Article
The apparent absence of this phenomenon when the 2 species are allopatric, together with the overlapping of their trophic fundamental niche, showed by laboratory experiments, seem to indicate competition as the cause of this case of niche displacement. -from English summary Istituto di Zoologia, Universita di Roma, Italy.
Article
Quantitative estimates of the absolute and relative frequencies of Zygaena ephialtes and other moths belonging to the phegea and filipendulae mimetic complexes were carried out in order to explain the evolution of the yellow ephialtoid form of Z. ephialtes in Central Italy. The great prevalence of the phegea complex over filipendulae and the earlie...
Article
Full-text available
Amata phegea and A. ragazzii are two sibling species which occur sympatrically in several areas of Central and Southern Italy. The occurrence of certain enzyme loci, electrophoretically diagnostic (PGM, HK, EST-5), allowed the correct identification of all individuals, including hybrids. Population studies in the field carried out in sympatric area...
Article
The mites Macrocheles glaber and M. perglaber are two sibling species whose identification on the basis of morphological characters is often uncertain. We studied electrophoretically sympatric and allopatric field populations of these species from number of localities, in the attempt to find biochemical diagnostic characters. Two out of the five en...
Article
Full-text available
Riassunto Lo studio del differenziamento morfologico e genetico di popolazioni di c. pipiens prouenienti da uarie regioni italiane (dall'Alto Adige alia Calabria), legate ad ambienti ecologica-mente molto divers; e con vari gradi di adattamento all'uomo e at suo ambiente, ha confermato l'esistenza di due grupp! di po-polazioni morfologicamente e ge...
Article
Full-text available
Genetic divergence between two forms of Ostrinia nubilalis, which were characterized by a different composition of the sex pheromone, was studied on the basis of 30 gene-enzyme systems. Nei's measure of standard genetic distance between the forms was D = 0024, strikingly different from the value of D = 0002 previously obtained by Harrison and Vawte...

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