Louis Deharveng

• Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle

A new species of Collembola in the genus Coecobrya, C. microphthalma sp. nov., is described from a cave environment in Saraburi province, central Thailand. The new species is the second described species of the boneti-group found in the country. It is most similar to C. chompon Nilsai, Lima & Jantarit, 2022, which is also described from a Thai cave...

Since the 1980s, with the widespread use of the phrase biodiversity [...]

The Doi Chiang Dao massif, which became a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 2021, is the highest karst mountain in Thailand. Tham Chiang Dao cave is located at the foot of this massif and is among the best-known caves in Thailand, having been visited since prehistoric times, and being a sacred place for the local Shan and Thai people. The cave consists o...

The southern part of the Mekong Delta Limestones of Vietnam (MDL-HC or Hon Chong karst) comprises numerous small limestone hills. It is a hotspot of biodiversity for soil and cave invertebrates. Here, we synthesize the results of biological surveys carried out in Hang Mo So, the richest MDL-HC cave for troglobionts, and in surrounding karsts. Metho...

Three new species, Parisotoma ruseki sp. nov., P. yehlathi sp. nov., and Folsomotoma amyliuae sp. nov. are described from South Africa. Parisotoma ruseki sp. nov. is characterized by four posterior s-chaetae on each side of the three first abdominal segments and seven posterior chaetae on dens, Parisotoma yehlathi sp. nov. by five s-chaetae and eig...

Soil life supports the functioning and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. Springtails (Collembola) are among the most abundant soil arthropods regulating soil fertility and flow of energy through above- and belowground food webs. However, the global distribution of springtail diversity and density, and how these relate to energy fluxes remains...

The classification of highly adapted species in well-studied clades may be obscured by convergent character evolution. This is for example the case in aquatic lineages adapted to subterranean (and shallow subterranean) habitats, in which species usually possess reduced eyes and wings as well as translucent cuticles. In 1985, the terrestrial diving...

Background In the last decades, Southeast Asia has experienced massive conversion of rainforest into rubber and oil palm monoculture plantations. The effects of this land-use change on canopy arthropods are still largely unknown. Arboreal Collembola are among the most abundant canopy arthropods in tropical forests, potentially forming a major compo...

Subterranean ecosystems are among the most widespread environments on Earth, yet we still have poor knowledge of their biodiversity. To raise awareness of subterranean ecosystems, the essential services they provide, and their unique conservation challenges, 2021 and 2022 were designated International Years of Caves and Karst. As these ecosystems h...

A new species of Setanodosa, S. jacquesi sp. nov. is described from the Western Cape (South Africa). It differs from other species of the genus by its unique shocking red pigmentation, the number of vesicles in the post antennal organ, and the number of clavate tenent hairs on the tibiotarsi. A comparative table of the world Setanodosa and a key of...

Brazil’s caves, home to diverse species and minerals, were stripped of protections by a recent presidential decree.

Soil life supports the functioning and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. Springtails (Collembola) are among the most abundant soil animals regulating soil fertility and flow of energy through above- and belowground food webs. However, the global distribution of springtail diversity and density, and how these relate to energy fluxes remains un...

This is the introductory session to the Symposium 7 on Subterranean Life as part of the 18th International Congress of Speleology, Chambéry, France, 24-31 July 2022. The symposium call was broad. It welcomed proposals on a variety of topics including species inventory and description; biology, morphology, physiology, genetics and behavior of subter...

The genus Bagnallella Salmon is restored and given a diagnosis. It takes an intermediate position between Proisotoma Börner and Cryptopygus Willem complexes and is characterized by the separation of the two last abdominal segments (like in Proisotoma ) and 3 and 5 s-chaetae on the fourth and fifth abdominal segments (like in Cryptopygus and its all...

Thailand is today the richest country for the genus Troglopedetes Joseph, 1872, with 17 species described from the country. In this study three troglomorphic new species are described from caves in the western region. They are T. spectabilis sp. nov. and T. rungsimae sp. nov. from Kanchanaburi province and T. takensis sp. nov. , from Tak province....

Riding a wave of interest in biodiversity patterns in surface-dwelling communities, in 2000, Culver and Sket [1] published a paper listing 20 caves and karst wells with 20 or more known species. [...]

Located in Northern Pyrenees, in the Arbas massif, France, the system of the Coume Ouarnède, also known as Réseau Félix Trombe—Henne Morte, is the longest and the most complex cave system of France. The system, developed in massive Mesozoic limestone, has two distinct resurgences. Despite relatively limited sampling, its subterranean fauna is rich,...

The Towakkalak System located in the Maros karst of South Sulawesi is currently the richest of Southeast Asia in obligate subterranean species. It comprises several caves and shafts that give access to the subterranean Towakkalak river as well as many unconnected fossil caves, stream sinks, and springs located within its footprint. The total length...

The 15th UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) (COP15) will be held in Kunming, China in October 2021. Historically, CBDs and other multilateral treaties have either alluded to or entirely overlooked the subterranean biome. A multilateral effort to robustly examine, monitor, and incorporate the subterranean biome into future conservation targ...

Located in the core zone of Mulun National Nature Reserve in northern Guangxi, the limestone cave Ganxiao Dong harbours the richest cave fauna currently known in China. In total, 26 species of cave invertebrates have been recognized so far, in spite of limited sampling efforts. Of them, 20 are troglobionts or stygobionts, including one snail, four...

Rainforest conversion and expansion of plantations in tropical regions are associated with changes in animal communities and biodiversity decline. In soil, Collembola are one of the most numerous invertebrate groups that affect the functioning of microbial communities and support arthropod predators. Despite that, information on the impact of chang...

Collembola are among the most abundant and diverse soil microarthropods, which are found in almost all (semi)terrestrial environments and often serve as model organisms in empirical studies. Diverse data collected on the biology and ecology of Collembola over the last century are waiting for synthesis studies, while developing technologies may faci...

Two new species of the genus Troglopedetes Joseph, 1872 ( T. meridionalis sp. nov. and T. kae sp. nov. ) are described from caves of the Thai peninsula. This is the first report of the genus south of the Kra Isthmus. The two new species have two rows of dental spines shared by all Thai Troglopedetes . They differ from other members of the genus mai...

Five decades ago, a landmark paper in Science titled The Cave Environment heralded caves as ideal natural experimental laboratories in which to develop and address general questions in geology, ecology, biogeography, and evolutionary biology. Although the 'caves as laboratory' paradigm has since been advocated by subterranean biologists, there are...

Phylogenetic assessments of functional traits are important for mechanistically understanding the interactions between organisms and environments, but such practices are strongly limited by the availability of phylogenetic frameworks. The tomocerin springtails are an ancient, widespread and ecologically important group of terrestrial arthropods, wh...

Based on 225 samples taken from different biotopes in the Edough Massif (northeastern Algeria) from 1998 to 2018, we compiled a list of 91 collembolan species names from the literature, of which 72 can be considered valid records. Fourteen of them are only known from this massif in Algeria, and eight are endemic of northeastern Algeria. These 72 sp...

Species of the genera of the Cryptopygus complex in South Africa are morphologically revised. Five new species of the genus Cryptopygus Willem, 1902 s. s. and one new species of the genus Isotominella Delamare Deboutteville, 1948 are described. Cryptopygus abulbus sp. nov. and C. bulbus sp. nov. have only one chaeta on the anterior side of dens and...

Collembola are among the most abundant and diverse soil animals contributing significantly to major ecosystem processes. Global climate changes in temperature and precipitation are likely to affect their community structure and functioning and this is likely to differ along altitudinal gradients. In this study, changes in richness, abundance, and b...

Worldwide, caves and groundwater habitats harbor thousands of species modified and limited to subterranean habitats in karst. Data are concentrated in Europe and USA, where a number of detailed analyses have been performed. Much less is known with respect to global patterns due to a lack of data. This special issue will focus on and discuss the glo...

Aim The extraordinary diversity of plants across the Cape Floristic Region is characterized by considerable species turnover among sites. Phytophagous insects show similarly high turnover, but their patterns are closely coupled to those of their hosts. If the mechanisms underlying high plant turnover are not unique to plants, similar patterns of tu...

One of the most striking features of obligate subterranean species is their narrow distribution ranges. These prevail not only at specific, but often also at generic level. However, some subterranean genera have continental scale and disjunct distribution , which challenges their monophyly and questions the scenarios of their origin and colonizatio...

The Cave Invertebrate Specialist Group, an IUCN Species Survival Commission, is a group of 80 taxonomists, biospeleologists, ecologists, and conservation biologists. Since 2014, our objectives have been to: (1) conserve subterranean habitats, and address one of the largest lacunas in conservation biology – the protection of sensitive cave and subte...

In light of recent alarming trends in human population growth, climate change, and other environmental modifications, a "Warning to humanity" manifesto was published in BioScience in 2017. This call reiterated most of the ideas originally expressed by the Union of Concerned Scientists in 1992, including the fear that we are "pushing Earth's ecosyst...

The most highly troglomorphic Collembola of Southeast Asia, Coecobryasirindhornaesp. n. , is described from a cave in Satun province, Thai Peninsula. It is characterised by its large size, extremely elongated antennae, relatively long legs and furca, reduced macrochaetotaxy, very long and slender claw, pointed tenent hair, four sublobal hairs on ou...

The Hon Chong‒Kâmpôt hills form a group of tiny karstic outcrops scattered in the alluvial plain across the southwestern border between Vietnam and Cambodia. This group hosts an exceptional concentration of endemic taxa that have been progressively discovered during the past two decades. Remarkable endemic genera of millipedes, mites, woodlice and...

Characters used in the taxonomy of the genus Lepidonella Yosii, 1960 (Collembola: Paronellidae) are listed and discussed. Several new ones are introduced. An overview of pseudopore patterns across Collembola is presented, with several new locations of these structures across Entomobryomorpha. Their interest at different taxonomic level is underline...

The genus Anthroherpon Reitter, 1889 is the most species-rich genus of the exclusively subterranean subtribe Anthroherponina. It comprises 26 species and 55 subspecies distributed in the Dinaric mountains which are known to be a world biodiversity hotspot for subterranean fauna. Most species are short-range endemics and more than half of the specie...

Species classification is challenging when taxa display limited morphological differences. In this paper, we combined morphology and DNA barcode data to investigate the complicated taxonomy of two Onychiurid Collembolan species. Thalassaphorura thalassophila and Thalassaphorura debilis are among the most common arthropod species in intertidal ecosy...

The information of main diagnostic characters of the two species.

Fig. S2. Dating estimation on a species tree inferred from BEAST.

Table S1. List of barcoded specimens.

Fig. S1. Minimum and maximum intraspecific divergence of the species.

The genus Anthroherpon Reitter, 1889 exhibits the most pronounced troglomorphic characters among Coleoptera, and represents one of the most spectacular radiations of subterranean beetles. However, radiation, diversification, and biogeography of this genus have never been studied in a phylogenetic context. This study provides a comprehensive evoluti...

Distances between areas in km. Abbreviations of geographic areas as in Figs 3 and 4. (TIF)

The list of morphometric data. Abbreviations: palp2-4: length of maxillary palps 2–4 (1st maxillary palp was not visible in most mounted specimens so we didn’t measure its length); Ant 1–11: length of antennomerae 1–11; L1tib: length of protibia; L2tib: length of mesotibia; L3tib: length of metatibia; L1tarsus1-5: length of 1–5 protarsomere; L2tars...

Sequenced specimens, with accession numbers, depository, locality, and collectors. All vouchers are stored at CINJ. (XLSX)

Landmarks recorded on the body of Anthroherpon. (TIF)

Phylogenetic analysis was performed in BEAST2 for mtDNA and nDNA separately. A. mtDNA, B. nDNA. (TIF)

The list of material included in the morphometric analyses. Abbreviations: CINJ (collection Iva Njunjić), CMPR (collection Michel Perreau), CDP (collection Dragan Pavićević), MNHN (collection Muséum national d’histoire naturelle), CG (Crna Gora), BIH (Bosnia and Herzegovina), CRO (Croatia). (DOCX)

Maximum likelihood analysis. (PDF)

A checklist of the Collembola of the Collo massif in northeastern Algeria, the wettest region of northern Africa, is presented, based on the results of sampling campaigns carried out from 2011 to 2017. Before this work, only four species were reported from Collo in the literature. The Collembola of the massif include now a total of 74 species, in 5...

Two new species of Tomocerus are described from caves in Guizhou and Guangxi Province, China. Tomocerus troglodytes sp. nov. is highly troglomorphic. It belongs to the kinoshitai complex, and is most similar to another eyeless and colourless species Tomocerus caecus, from which it differs as it has longer antennae; 2,2/2,2/2+2/0 versus 2,2/2,5/0/0...

Colour pattern is the most common character to identify species in several large genera of Collembola. Its use often raises problems due to various and poorly investigated extent of chromatic variability among species. Isotomurus festus sp. nov. is here described from Kunashir Isl. (the Kuriles, the Far East of Russia). The species, a member of the...

Recent research of cave Collembola in Dinaric karst resulted in discovery of high regional diversification of the genus Verhoeffiella Absolon, 1900. The most striking feature of Verhoeffiella species is the high number of troglomorphic traits, which makes this genus a good model for studying morphological diversification and adaptation in subterran...

This chapter deals with the diversity of terrestrial cave invertebrates from the viewpoint of its contribution to global diversity and of the variety of morphological traits and life forms associated with cave habitats. We stress the low diversity of cave compared to non-cave fauna, its uneven taxonomic and geographic distribution, differences in i...

Two new species of Friesea from the Western Cape province in South Africa, F. stevenchowni sp. nov. and F. capensis sp. nov., are described. Friesea capensis sp. nov. is easily distinguished by the lack of ocelli and anal spines, while F. stevenchowni sp. nov. is distinguished from other sub-Saharan species of the genus by a combination of characte...

A new species of the genus Spinaethorax Papáč & Palacios-Vargas, 2016, recently erected for two cave species of Mexico, is described from a Vietnamese cave. It differs from the Mexican species most noticeably by the dorsal chaetotaxy of the head (number and morphology of chaetae), the shape of S-chaetae on the third antennomere, the dorsal chaetota...

Two new onychiurid species, Thalassaphorura microspinata sp. nov. and T. guangxiensis sp. nov., are reported from the karsts of south China (Guangxi). T. microspinata sp. nov. is similar to T. grandis Sun, Chen & Deharveng, 2010 in having the same dorsal and ventral pso formula, number of pseudocelli on subcoxae 1, number of chaetae in the distal w...

We sampled collembolan communities in 11 coal mine spoil tips (locally called 'terrils') from the North of France, and their surroundings, in various stages of vegetation development (bare soil, herb, shrub and tree vegetation). We wondered whether species, functional trait (Community Weighted Mean trait or CWM) composition and trait diversity (Rao...

We redefine the genus Yuukianura Yosii, 1955, and we give an updated list of its nine species. Four of these species initially described in other genera are transferred to Yuukianura: Lobella (Lobella) yasudai Yosii, 1966, Lobella pacifica Yosii, 1971, Protanura hawaiiensis Bellinger & Christiansen, 1974, and Pseudocolonavis rosea Kim & Lee, 2000....

One new species belonging to the genus Neanura MacGillivray, 1893 was found during taxonomic investigations of Tatra Mts, the highest mountain range in the Carpathians. Neanura judithae n. sp. is characterized by the conspicuous reduction of chaetotaxy on dorsal side of the body. It is closely related to the sympatric species N. parva (Stach, 1951)...

Folsomia minorae sp. n. and F. australica sp. n. are described from New Zealand and Australia, respectively. Their possible affinity to two different groups of Cryptopygus sensu stricto is discussed. Attention is paid to the variability of sensillary patterns of the genital segment in Cryptopygus: mainly, all s-chaetae are subequal, but in more adv...

The new, small cavernicolous species Helmablatta louisrothi gen. et sp. n. (Nocticolidae) from the Tan-Phu cave (Vietnam) is one of the most morphologically interesting cockroaches. The extremely modified upstanding tergal gland composite from three tergites and may serve for gripping the female head during copulation. This presumption is supported...

The current knowledge of the Collembolan fauna of Thailand is reported here, based on the checklist of Bedos (1994) completed by data on several taxa described since this date, with an update of the taxonomic status of the species. A total of 194 species from 53 genera and 14 families are listed, that were mostly discovered and described during the...

Four new species of the genus Coecobrya, C. gejianbangi sp. nov., C. annulata sp. nov., C. ciliata sp. nov., and C. oculata sp. nov., are described from Guangxi caves as the representative of the genus in China. Coecobrya oculata sp. nov. of the boneti-group has 1+1 eyes and a serrate outer edge of the unguiculus. The other three species, devoid of...

Three new species of Pseudachorutes are described from the Collo massif in northeastern Algeria, all three with morpho-logical features unique or rare in the genus. P. deficiens sp. nov. lacks chaeta E on the labium, a character only retrieved in P. ouatilouensis Najt & Weiner, 1997 from New Caledonia, from which it differs by the presence of chaet...

The subtribe Anthroherponina form an iconic group of obligate cave beetles, typical representatives of the Dinaric subterranean fauna, which is considered to be the richest in the world. Phylo-genetic studies within this subtribe are scarce and based only on morphological characters, which, due to troglomorphic convergence , are frequently unreliab...

An annotated checklist of oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) collected from Vanuatu is provided, which includes 37 species from 30 genera and 19 families. All these taxa are recorded in Vanuatu for the first time; of these, 11 species and 3 genera are recorded in the Australian region for the first time. A new species of the genus Mixacarus (Lohmann...

Two species of Tomoceridae were found near Dalat, southern Vietnam. Tomocerus ocreatus Denis, 1948 is redescribed based on a neotype specimen. Previous records of Tomocerus ocreatus in non-type localities are reevaluated. A new species Tomocerina annamitica sp. nov. is described. The new species is mainly characterized by its small body size, point...

Two new Megalothorax species, M. potapovisp. n. from the Russian Far East and M. sanguineussp. n. from the French Pyrénées are described. The two new species have a set of morphological characters (including a smooth mucro) that places them among the minimus group sensuSchneider and D’Haese (2013). Megalothorax potapovi characteristics include dors...

The relationship of Pseudoparonella to other paronellid genera is currently unresolved. Authors have proposed different taxonomical systems for which the proposed subgeneric divisions have not been compared. We compared these genera in detail and conclude here that antennal length is a reliable diagnostic character. The antennae of species in the g...

A new genus is proposed based on a new species from Iran, Ephemerotoma skarzynskii gen. et sp. nov., and three known species: E. huadongensis (Chen, 1985) comb. nov., E. multituberculata (Martynova, 1971) comb. nov. and E. porcella (Ellis, 1976) comb. nov. The genus shares the characters of Subisotoma Stach and Proctostephanus Borner and is distrib...

This paper summarizes the main results from taxonomic inventories drawn up as part of the ATBI of the Mercantour/Alpi Marittime parks in the French and Italian Alps. It compares the data on different groups of the invertebrate fauna published in the Zoosystema issues devoted to the ATBI with those recorded in the EDIT (European Distributed Institut...

The species Heteromurus (Verhoeffiella) absoloni Kseneman, 1938 is redescribed in detail and characterized by its barcode, based on specimens from its type locality in Montenegro. A neotype is designated. Dorsal S-chaetotaxy is given for the first time in the subgenus Verhoeffiella. Chaeta morphology and distribution are thoroughly analyzed, in par...

Eight new species of the genus Paranura are described from temperate zone of Holarctic. Five of them: Paranura reticulata sp. nov., Paranura oregonensis sp. nov., Paranura reducta sp. nov., Paranura cassagnaui sp. nov. and Paranura microchaetosa sp. nov. were found in coniferous forests of Oregon state, USA. Three others: Paranura kedrovayensis sp....

A new genus and a new species of Paleonurini (Collembola, Neanurinae) are described in this paper. The new species Ec-tonura snowdeni sp. nov., is the first record of the austral genus Ectonura for the Neotropics. A new genus from Southeast Brazil, Itanura gen. nov., is created based mainly on head tubercles arrangement. Its type species is Neanura...

Deutonura adriani sp. nov. is described from the region of Tizi-Ouzou (Algeria). The species is morphologically similar to D. deficiens deficiens Deharveng, 1979 from southwestern France, differing by not having De3 chaetae integrated into the dorso-external tubercle on abdominal tergites I and II. The genus Deutonura is re-diagnosed and a key to i...

The study of collembolan communities from the Vîşcăuți canyon in Moldova revealed 63 species belonging to 41 genera and 12 families, including four species new for the fauna of the Republic of Moldova. A checklist of collembolan species identified in the five calcareous canyons sampled so far in Moldova is included, with data on habitats, life form...

Understanding the abundance and richness of species is one of the most fundamental steps in effecting their conservation. Despite global recognition of the significance of the below-ground component of diversity for ecosystem functioning, the soil remains a poorly studied terrestrial ecosystem. In South Africa, knowledge is increasing for a variety...

Tibiotarsi, particularly their chaetotaxy, vary from species to orders in Collembola. Symphypleona, Poduromorpha and Isotomidae have been shown to possess characteristic patterns of tibiotarsal chaetotaxy, but the patterns in Entomobryoidea and Tomoceroidea, where a strong plurichaetosis is the rule, remains undocumented. The tibiotarsal chaetotaxy...

Sampling carried out in the framework of the All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory project in the Mercantour- Alpi Marittime national parks (southwestern Alps) provided a number of Collembola species new to the region, including several taxa new to science. Two species are described in this paper: Orogastrura tetrophthalma n. sp. (Hypogastruridae) and De...

We present here the objectives, organization and preliminary results of the invertebrate inventory of the Mercantour National Park (“Terrestrial Invertebrates Module” of the ATBI Mercantour/Alpi Marittime), carried out by 68 scientists and field-collectors from 2009 to 2012. The conceptual framework of an ATBI and the interactions between inventory...

A new species of Deutonura, D. zana sp. nov., is described from north-eastern Algeria. It is morphologically similar in most characters to D. deficiens meridionalis and to D. luberonensis, both members of the D. phlegraea group, differing from the former by the absence of chaeta O on head, and from the later by the separation of tubercles Di and De...