Louis De Beaumont

Louis De Beaumont
Université de Montréal | UdeM · Department of Surgery

PhD

About

127
Publications
24,541
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3,721
Citations
Additional affiliations
March 2010 - August 2011
Douglas Mental Health University Institute
Position
  • PostDoc Position

Publications

Publications (127)
Preprint
Full-text available
Head finite element models (hFEMs) are instrumental in understanding injury mechanisms in head impacts. Personalizing hFEMs is crucial for capturing individualized brain responses, with brain volume scaling proving effective. However, the role of refined white matter (WM) segmentation in hFEMs for studying repetitive subconcussive head impacts (rSH...
Article
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Introduction Therapeutic interventions for disorders of consciousness lack consistency; evidence supports non-invasive brain stimulation, but few studies assess neuromodulation in acute-to-subacute brain-injured patients. This study aims to validate the feasibility and assess the effect of a multi-session transcranial alternating current stimulatio...
Article
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The cardiac response to physical exertion is linked to factors such as age, work intensity, and fitness levels. The primary objective of this study was to characterize within-session changes in cardiac response to running in Canadian football athletes, which may indicate physical fatigue. Performance profiles were collected from GPS and heart rate...
Article
Recorded head kinematics from head-impact measurement devices (HIMd) are pivotal for evaluating brain stress and strain through head finite element models (hFEM). The variability in kinematic recording windows across HIMd presents challenges as they yield inconsistent hFEM responses. Despite establishing an ideal recording window for maximum princi...
Article
Objective We investigated if theta burst stimulation (TBS) could enhance recovery by reducing key symptoms when implemented acutely post-fracture in participants with an isolated upper limb fracture (IULF). Methods/Design This was a pilot study with a randomized matched pair, sham-controlled, participant-blind design of a 10-day prolonged continuo...
Article
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This study aimed to use a data-driven approach to identify individualized speed thresholds to characterize running demands and athlete workload during games and practices in skill and linemen football players. Data were recorded from wearable sensors over 28 sessions from 30 male Canadian varsity football athletes, resulting in a total of 287 perfo...
Article
Objective: This study investigated the association between head impact exposure (HIE) during varsity Canadian football games and short-term changes in cortical excitability of the primary motor cortex (M1) using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Methods: Twenty-nine university-level male athletes wore instrumented mouth guards during a fo...
Article
Objective Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are characterised by chronic pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint and masticatory muscles. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has emerged as a potential non‐invasive treatment for chronic pain; however, its effectiveness in individuals with TMD has not been thoroughly investigated. This...
Article
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Objectives This study aimed to investigate cortical excitability differences in the primary motor cortex (M1) hand representation between individuals with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and healthy controls. We assessed resting motor thresholds, motor-evoked potentials (MEPs), intracortical inhibition, and intracortical facilitation and explored...
Article
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In Parkinson’s disease (PD), motor dysfunctions only become apparent after extensive loss of DA innervation. This resilience has been hypothesized to be due to the ability of many motor behaviors to be sustained through a diffuse basal tone of DA; but experimental evidence for this is limited. Here we show that conditional deletion of the calcium s...
Article
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Purpose of Review The present topical review aims to summarize the literature to give an overview of the clinical utility of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques to manage insomnia symptoms and other sleep disturbances. Recent Findings Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial electric stimulation techniques have sho...
Article
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Sleep disturbances are widely prevalent following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and have the potential to contribute to numerous post-traumatic physiological, psychological, and cognitive difficulties developing chronically, including chronic pain. An important pathophysiological mechanism involved in the recovery of TBI is neuroinflammation, whic...
Article
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Background: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) has been one of numerous investigation methods used for their potential to modulate brain oscillations; however, such investigations have given contradictory results and a lack of standardization. Objectives: In this systematic review, we aimed to assess the potential of tACS to mod...
Article
Purpose Current literature suggests a significant epidemiological association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and proximal upper limb fractures in addition to major clinical consequences. A systematic review was conducted to assess how TBI is taken into consideration in interventional studies on shoulder fractures. Methods The following data...
Article
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TractoInferno is the world’s largest open-source multi-site tractography database, including both research- and clinical-like human acquisitions, aimed specifically at machine learning tractography approaches and related ML algorithms. It provides 284 samples acquired from 3 T scanners across 6 different sites. Available data includes T1-weighted i...
Article
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The modulation of early sensory event-related potentials such as the P1, N1, and N170 by emotion and emotional ambiguity is still controversial. Some studies have found a modulation of one or all of these components by one or both of these factors, whereas others have failed to show such results. The objective of this study was to investigate the e...
Chapter
This chapter describes the interactions between pain and sleep and how pain is processed during sleep. It overviews the most frequent sleep disorders in chronic pain and provides advice for clinicians to guide patients in the management of sleep in the absence or in the presence of sleep disorders. Sleep quality can be easily estimated in pain and...
Article
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Objective In this proof-of-concept study we sought to explore whether the combination of conditioning procedure based on a surreptitious reduction of a noxious stimulus (SRPS) could enhance rTMS hypoalgesic effects [i.e., increase heat pain threshold (HPT)] and augment intervention expectations in a healthy population. Methods Forty-two healthy vo...
Article
BACKGROUND: Analgesia monitoring is essential to preserve comfort in critically ill sedated patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although pupil dilation (PD) and pain behaviors can be used to assess analgesia, these indicators require application of noxious stimulations for elicitation. Recently, the pupillary light reflex (PLR) has emerged...
Preprint
Full-text available
TractoInferno is the world's largest open-source multi-site tractography database, including both research- and clinical-like human acquisitions, aimed specifically at machine learning tractography approaches and related ML algorithms. It provides 284 datasets acquired from 3T scanners across 6 different sites. Available data includes T1-weighted i...
Article
Full-text available
Sport-related concussion is a serious public health issue affecting millions of individuals each year. Among the many negative side effects, emotional symptoms, such as stress, are some of the most common. Stress management is repeatedly cited by expert groups as an important intervention for this population. It was shown that music has relaxing ef...
Article
OBJECTIVE Alterations in amino acid concentrations are a major contributor to the persistent neurological and behavioral effects induced by concussions and mild traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Glutamate, the most abundant excitatory amino acid in the CNS, has a major role in the pathophysiological process of concussion. The indiscriminate liberati...
Preprint
Full-text available
Midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons, a population of cells that are critical for motor control, motivated behaviors and cognition, release DA via an exocytotic mechanism from both their axonal terminals and their somatodendritic (STD) compartment. In Parkinson's disease (PD), it is striking that motor dysfunctions only become apparent after extensive lo...
Article
Sleep disturbances can increase the risk of falls and motor vehicle accidents and may reduce bone density. ➤ Poor sleep can lead to worse outcomes after fracture, such as chronic pain and delayed recovery. ➤ Orthopaedic surgeons can play an important role in the screening of sleep disorders among their patients.
Article
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Transcranial alternating current stimulation, a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, has been used to increase alpha (8–12 Hz) power, the latter being associated with various brain functions and states. Heterogeneity among stimulation parameters across studies makes it difficult to implement reliable transcranial alternating current stimulatio...
Article
Introduction: The neurocognitive outcomes of sustaining a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) during late adulthood are vastly understudied. In young, asymptomatic adults, mTBI-related synaptic plasticity alterations have been associated with persistent implicit motor sequence learning impairments outlasting the usual cognitive recovery period. The...
Article
Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Its increasing incidence, in addition to its fundamental role in the development of neurodegenerative disease, proves especially concerning. Despite extensive preclinical and clinical studies, researchers have yet to identify a safe and effective ne...
Article
We studied the effects of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in an aging population. We examined visual search with event‐related potentials (ERPs) and event‐related fields (ERF) for a lateral color singleton focusing on the P1 and N1 in each hemisphere. Forty participants (19 mTBI and 21 controls) aged 50 to 72 performed a visual search task, whil...
Article
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Introduction Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is highly prevalent, especially in children under 6 years. However, little research focuses on the consequences of mTBI early in development. The objective of the Kids’ Outcomes And Long-term Abilities (KOALA) study is to document the impact of early mTBI on children’s motor, cognitive, social and beh...
Article
Sleep disturbances (e.g., difficulty to initiate or maintain sleep) and poor sleep quality are major health concerns that accompany several neurological and neuropsychiatric clinical conditions where different brain circuitries are affected (e.g., chronic pain, Parkinson’s disease or depression), having a great impact in the individual’s well-being...
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Background: Although there is a growing body of literature on the impact of multiple concussions on cognitive function with aging, less is known about the long-term impact of sustaining a single mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Additionally, very few interventions exist to treat mTBI patients and prevent a possible accelerated cognitive decline...
Article
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in early childhood is prevalent, and some children may be at risk for short- and long-term difficulties that could affect quality of life (QoL). Despite growing efforts to understand associations between potential risk factors and outcomes after injury, prognosis is elusive and lacks the inclusion of genetic varia...
Article
Subconcussive hits to the head and physical fitness have both been associated with alterations in white matter (WM) microstructure in partly overlapping areas of the brain. The aim of the present study was to determine whether WM damage associated with repeated exposure to subconcussive hits to the head in university level contact sports athletes i...
Article
Background: Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to adverse emotional, social and behavioral consequences. However, post-TBI outcome is difficult to predict due to significant individual variability, likely reflecting a complex interaction between injury- and child-related variables. Among these variables are genetically determined indi...
Article
Full-text available
Sport-related concussion (SRC) is managed primarily through serial clinical evaluations throughout recovery. However, studies suggest that clinical measures may not be suitable to detect subtle alterations in functioning and are limited by numerous internal and external factors. Electroencephalography (EEG) has been used for over eight decades to d...
Article
This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate qualitative (parosmia) and quantitative (hyposmia/anosmia) olfaction 2-4 weeks (baseline) and six months (follow-up) after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). We further evaluated the predictive value of baseline depression, anxiety and olfaction scores on depression and anxiety at follow-up. At baseline,...
Article
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Sleep disturbances and chronic pain are considered public health concerns. They are frequently associated, and the direction of its relationship and possible mechanisms underlying it are frequently debated. The exploration of the sleep–pain association is of great clinical interest to explore in order to steer potential therapeutic avenues, accommo...
Article
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Objective Primary motor (M1) cortical excitability alterations are involved in the development and maintenance of chronic pain. Less is known about M1-cortical excitability implications in the acute phase of an orthopedic trauma. This study aims to assess acute M1-cortical excitability in patients with an isolated upper limb fracture (IULF) in rela...
Article
Full-text available
Characterizing the effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on the aging brain could be key in our understanding of neurodegeneration in this population. Our objective was to assess white matter properties in newly diagnosed and untreated adults with mild to severe OSA. Sixty‐five adults aged 55 to 85 were recruited and divided into three groups: c...
Preprint
Full-text available
Objective: Primary motor (M1) cortical excitability alterations are involved in the development and maintenance of chronic pain. Less is known about M1-cortical excitability implications in the acute phase of an orthopedic trauma. This study aims to assess acute M1-cortical excitability in patients with an isolated upper limb fracture (IULF) in rel...
Article
Stress exposure over the lifespan is robustly associated with accelerated cognitive decline in later life. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is shown to regulate activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association betweenthe BDNF polymorphism and indices of stress among adults aged...
Article
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Objectives: This study seeks to evaluate the incidence rate of heterotopic ossification (HO) formation in patients afflicted by an isolated limb fracture (ILF) and a concomitant mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Methods: The current study is an observational study including ILF patients with or without a concomitant mTBI recruited from an orth...
Article
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Static magnetic fields (SMFs) are known to alter neural activity, but evidence of their ability to modify learning-related neuroplasticity is lacking. The present study tested the hypothesis that application of static magnetic stimulation (SMS), an SMF applied transcranially via a neodymium magnet, over the primary motor cortex (M1) would alter lea...
Article
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Mounting evidence suggests that mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) have long-term effects that interact with the aging process to precipitate cognitive decline. This line of research predicts that early exposure to brain trauma is particularly detrimental to long-term brain integrity. However, a second line of research into the effects of age at...
Article
Study objectives: Recent studies show that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a possible contributor to abnormal cognitive decline in older adults. These new observations create the need to identify older adults with OSA who are at risk of the developing dementia if not treated. This study's goal was to verify whether self-reported cognitive complai...
Article
Full-text available
Healthy aging is associated with decline of motor function that can generate serious consequences on the quality of life and safety. Our studies aim to explore the 3-month effects of a 5-day multisession anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) protocol applied over the primary motor cortex (M1) during motor sequence learning in elde...
Preprint
Full-text available
Concussions/mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) represent a major public health concern due to persistent behavioral and neurological effects. The mechanisms by which concussions lead to such effects are partly attributable to an hyperacute indiscriminate glutamate release. Cerebral microdialysis studies in rodents reported a peak of extracellular g...
Preprint
Although empathy is an indispensable competence to social adaptation throughout the lifespan, it has been mostly studied with subjective, questionnaire-based measures in the context of healthy aging. Electroencephalography (EEG) provides an objective measure to investigate underlying neurophysiological processes related to empathy through mu rhythm...
Article
The aim of this article is to introduce transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to dental practitioners and to explain its use in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and sleep bruxism (SB). In these 2 sleep disorders, TMS has proven to be a useful tool to explore pathophysiological pathways and disease mechanisms, and in a more limited way, to recruit up...
Article
Full-text available
Background Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are non-invasive brain stimulation techniques that are being explored as therapeutic alternatives for the management of various chronic pain conditions. Objective The primary objective of this systematic review is to assess the efficacy of TMS and...
Article
Objectives: Concussions affect the processing of emotional stimuli. This study aimed to investigate how sex interacts with concussion effects on early event-related brain potentials (ERP) measures (P1, N1) of emotional facial expressions (EFE) processing in asymptomatic, multi-concussion athletes during an EFE identification task. Methods: Forty...
Article
Full-text available
In asymptomatic multiple-concussion athletes, studies evidenced long-term impairments in psychomotor speed, motor sequence learning, and cognitive control processes, as indexed by the Error Negativity (Ne), also commonly referred to as the Error-related Negativity (ERN). In healthy controls, motor sequence learning during a Serial Reaction Time (SR...
Article
Full-text available
It is well established that blindness induces changes in cerebral function and structure, namely affecting the somatomotor regions. However, the behavioural significance of these changes on the motor system, and on motor learning in particular, remains elusive. In this study, we used a modified version of the serial reaction time task (SRTT) with a...
Article
Most EEG studies used event-related potentials to assess long-term and cumulative effects of sport-related concussions on brain activity. Time-frequency methods provide another approach that allows the detection of subtle shifts in types and patterns of brain oscillations. We sought to discover whether event-related alpha activity would be signific...
Article
Full-text available
Objectives: The present aging study investigated the impact of a multisession anodal-tDCS protocol applied over the primary motor cortex (M1) during motor sequence learning on generalization of motor learning and plasticity-dependent measures of cortical excitability. Methods: A total of 32 cognitively-intact aging participants performed five co...
Article
Full-text available
Aims: To explore whether traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients have a higher prevalence of sleep bruxism (SB) and a higher level of orofacial muscle activity than healthy controls and whether orofacial muscle activity in the context of mild TBI (mTBI) increases the risk for headache disability. Methods: Sleep laboratory recordings of 24 mTBI pat...
Article
Background: The objective is to explore the effects of concomitant mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) on return to work (RTW), among patients suffering from an isolated limb fracture. This follow-up study included a total of 170 working age subjects with an isolated limb fracture, and was conducted in a phone interview approximately 1-year post tr...
Article
Objectives This study seeks to evaluate the effects of a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) on pain in patients with an isolated limb fracture (ILF) when compared to a matched cohort group with no mTBI (control group). Patients and Methods All subjects included in this observational study suffered from an ILF. Groups were matched according to the...
Article
Pain is a multifaceted condition and a major ongoing challenge for healthcare professionals having to treat patients in whom pain put them at risk of developing other conditions. Significant efforts have been invested in both clinical and research settings in an attempt to demystify the mechanisms at stake and develop optimal treatments as well as...
Article
Sports-related concussions lead to persistent anomalies of the brain structure and function that interact with the effects of normal ageing. Although post-mortem investigations have proposed a bio-signature of remote concussions, there is still no clear in vivo signature. In the current study, we characterized white matter integrity in retired athl...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Introduction Cerebral white matter is especially vulnerable to hypoxic damage, and thus, may be affected by nocturnal repetitive hypoxemia that is characteristic of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Mean diffusivity (MD) can serve as a marker of cerebral white matter integrity, and has been observed to decrease in the acute stage of an ischemic stroke...
Article
Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea causes intermittent hypoxemia, hemodynamic fluctuations, and sleep fragmentation, all of which could damage cerebral gray matter that can be indirectly assessed with neuroimaging. Objectives: To investigate whether markers of obstructive sleep apnea severity are associated with gray matter changes among middle-...
Article
Full-text available
Objective: To investigate whether the progressive recuperation of consciousness was associated with the reconsolidation of sleep and wake states in hospitalized patients with acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: This study comprised 30 hospitalized patients (age 29.1 ± 13.5 years) in the acute phase of moderate or severe TBI. Testing sta...
Article
Objectives: Concussion is defined as a complex pathophysiological process affecting the brain. Although the cumulative and long-term effects of multiple concussions are now well documented on cognitive and motor function, little is known about their effects on emotion recognition. Recent studies have suggested that concussion can result in emotion...
Article
Full-text available
While most studies have been interested in the distinct, predisposing roles of the common BDNF Val66Met variant and extraversion personality traits on episodic memory, very few studies have looked at the synergistic effects of genetic and personality factors to account for cognitive variance. This is surprising considering recent reports challengin...