Lorenzo Pagliano

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Verified

Lorenzo verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

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• PhD
• Full Professor at Politecnico di Milano

A detailed assessment of a low energy demand, 1.5 ∘C compatible pathway is provided for Europe from a bottom-up, country scale modelling perspective. The level of detail enables a clear representation of the potential of sufficiency measures. Results show that by 2050, 50% final energy demand reduction compared to 2019 is possible in Europe, with a...

Building geometrical features have a significant effect on the local wind environment. The presented study investigated the impact of building perforation design geometrical features on mean wind speed around the vicinity of the building and the indoor environment for generic midrise buildings. The study focused on purpose-built perforation designs...

Energy efficiency, generation from renewable sources and more recently energy flexibility are key elements of present sustainability policies. However, we are beginning to see a recognition of the need to couple technological solutions with lifestyle and behavioral changes, sometimes labeled under the term “sufficiency”. Appropriate policies and de...

The assessment of local and short-term thermal discomfort in buildings has been widely investigated, and different metrics are available in the literature to predict the likelihood of dissatisfied people. These metrics are named right-here and right-now discomfort indexes and constitute the basis for evaluating long-term thermal comfort conditions...

The unprecedented challenge of reaching carbon neutrality before mid-century and a large share of it within 2030 in order to keep under the 1.5 or 2 °C carbon budgets, requires broad and deep changes in production and consumption patterns which, together with a shift to renewables and reinforced efficiency, need to be addressed through energy suf-f...

Building retrofit is often reported to fail in achieving predicted energy savings; this mismatch in post-retrofit conditions is labeled the ‘energy performance gap’ and may be due to both occupant behavior and technical issues. In this study, the occupant is investigated through a case study of a recently retrofitted public housing in Milan inhabit...

Post-occupancy evaluations of building energy performances after retrofit often show values of energy use higher than calculated during the design phase. This performance gap is due to different factors, among which the user behaviour plays a crucial role. In the context of public housing, in particular, the techno-centric approach which is usually...

Several definitions of Zero Energy Buildings (ZEB) exist in literature and different implementations of the term can be found in National laws/regulations. The differences among the Member States in nomenclature and definition of the main indicators often lead to incomparable results and difficulties in transfer and diffusion of technologies across...

The increase in the energy need for cooling is one of the major challenges in nearly Zero Energy Buildings. Recent constructions are characterized by high thermal insulation levels, which can be effective in preventing summer discomfort in combination with accurate control of solar gains through glazed surfaces and discharge of overall gains via ve...

In recent years, the promotion of nearly-Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB), has become a priority for European member states. In order to get this label, typically, a monthly or yearly energy balance of energy use through the exploitation of renewable energy sources (RES) is required, but not a hourly balance. This approach may determine a low exploitat...

Over the last decades, the reduction of the energy use in the building sector has become a topic of major investigation and policy development worldwide. Guidelines have been defined to drive governments and building construction stakeholders towards the retrofit of the existing building stock and to the construction of new high-performance buildin...

A number of scientific studies have shown that the performance capacity and employees' satisfaction, enjoyment and health are directly affected by how building occupants perceive the environmental conditions that characterize their working environment. The physical well-being and comfort perception of employees directly impacts their productivity a...

Recognizing the value of open-source research databases in advancing the art and science of HVAC, in 2014 the ASHRAE Global Thermal Comfort Database II project was launched under the leadership of University of California at Berkeley's Center for the Built Environment and The University of Sydney's Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Laboratory. The...

ISBN: 978-3-00-058488-6

The energy consumptions of the building stock are playing a central role in the energy policy of the European Union. While the Member States are applying the Directives in force, the European Commission is working to update the regulatory framework. Specifically, it is necessary to achieve the great unrealized potential for energy savings in existi...

Experience developed in the northern European countries led, in the last decades, to standard and shared procedures for the design and construction of passive houses and similar high performance buildings. These approaches are specifically developed for cold climates, therefore cannot be directly applied to the Mediterranean climate, where substant...

This paper presents the experimental validation of a thermal model describing the ZEB Test Cells Laboratory, located at the Gløshaugen campus of NTNU and SINTEF in Trondheim, Norway. Besides, a local sensitivity analysis identifies the parameters and inputs that are most influential on the thermal behaviour of the test cell, in terms of temperature...

The European building stock is mature, and expanding cities need inclusive and innovative renovation solutions for all citizens while intensifying city densification. The European project EU-GUGLE aims to reduce primary energy consumption by 40–80 % and increase renewable energy use by 25 % through nearly zero-energy building renovation models for...

Calorimetric methods for the performance assessment (e.g. for the determination of the solar factor) of transparent building components have been largely applied in indoor laboratories under steady-state conditions and in outdoor test cells under dynamic boundary conditions provided by real weather. In the latter case the accuracy of the measuremen...

The massive urbanization process registered since 1950s and projected to continue for the coming decades is posing a crucial issue for the management of existing cities and the planning of future ones. Smart cities are often envisioned as ideal urban environments where the different dimensions of a city, such as economy, education, energy, environm...

Calorimetric methods for the performance assessment of building components have been largely applied in indoor laboratories and under steady-state conditions. Although effects of one or more outdoor weather parameters are sometimes mimicked by means of dynamic schedules, they never fully reproduce the complex interactions of the stochastic processe...

L’area interclusa della Goccia, è un luogo strategicamente e morfologicamente complesso, segnato da processi di dismissione e abbandono industriale ma anche dai nuovi edifici del Politecnico. L’area compresa tra le stazioni di Bovisa e Villapizzone pone interrogativi legati alla misura e all’impianto che dovrebbe segnare questa nuova porzione di ci...

In order to reduce the existing gap between design and as-built building performance, experimental data are required, both for single components and for whole building characterization. Real scale buildings, designed and equipped to perform such as living laboratories, may allow testing the effectiveness of different technologies to reduce the ener...

Cities represent fundamental hubs in the world's energy-flow network, and their role is expected to gain further relevance in the next decades, following the ongoing urbanization process.

Many scientific evidences have shown that Earth's climate is rapidly changing. By 2050, European Union is aiming to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in the building sector. Achieving this target might help the mitigation of global warming, but the climate change seems inevitable. This means that both new and refurbished buildings...

In times of great transition of the European construction sector to energy efficient and nearly zero energy buildings (nZEBs), a market observation containing qualitative and quantitative indications should help to fill out the enormous information gaps concerning the EU 2020 carbon targets. Next to the economic challenges, there are equally import...

Climate scientists have developed and refined climate change models on a global scale. One of the aims of these models is to predict the effects of human activities on climate, and thus the delivery of information that is useful to devise mitigation actions. Moreover, if they can be properly downscaled to a regional and local level, they might be u...

In the past decades the construction sector experienced the diffusion of a wide variety of complex building envelope components and passive elements and strategies, characterized by a dynamic response to the climatic parameters. Many of these components have been claimed to contribute to reducing building energy use and improving occupants׳ comfort...

Old buildings that are severe energy wasters and provide low indoor environmental quality (IEQ) form a large fraction of the European building stock. These buildings represent nevertheless, an asset that should be re-evaluated in order to promote local communities development. This paper describes the study that supported the design for the zero en...

In the last decades, several studies aimed at assessing some specified aspects of visual comfort characterizing the relationship between the human needs and the light environment, such as an available amount of light, light uniformity, light quality in rendering colors, and predicting the risk of glare for space occupants. For each of them, a (stil...

This chapter examines thermal, visual, and acoustic comfort, and indoor air quality (IAQ). It identifies and quantifies major sources of comfort. IAQ is a measure of the healthiness and comfort of air in buildings. The three main methods to ensure good IAQ are: removal or reduction of source of contaminants, ventilation, or filtration of contaminan...

A primary goal of buildings is to provide shelter, a space to live and engage in activities, and to facilitate provision of a comfortable environment. In the context of net-zero energy buildings (Net ZEBs), this means they should efficiently provide a comfortable environment while meeting the net-zero energy target. While comfort was once considere...

Building performance optimization (BPO) paired with building performance simulation (BPS) is a promising solution for evaluating many different design options and obtaining the optimal or near-optimal solution for a given objective or combination of objectives while complying with constraints. This chapter discusses major obstacles to BPO in the bu...

The Mediterranean climate distinguishes for a mild heating season and a hot (and usually dry) cooling season. All along the year solar radiation is plentiful and the daily range of temperature during the summer is large, due to dry and clear conditions. This environment allowed to design and build a zero energy concept building (a detached single f...

An integrated design approach has been applied to the case study of a new zero energy building in Milan. The case study is a four-story university building mainly dedicated to offices for teachers and researchers. The design approach combines facade orientations, internal space design, high envelope insulation, solar control devices, daylight integ...

The scientific literature and some standards offer a number of long-term thermal discomfort indices and methods for predicting the likelihood of summer overheating in buildings. Such metrics can be useful tools for driving the optimization process of the design of new buildings, for the operational assessment of thermal comfort in existing building...

L’edilizia è fondamentale per raggiungere gli obiettivi stabiliti dalla direttiva europea 2009/28/CE. L’Europa vuole inoltre ridurre drasticamente le emissioni di gas serra prodotti dal settore edilizio entro il 2050. La direttiva 2010/31/EU è lo strumento che permetterà di procedere in questa direzione. Essa prevede l’adozione degli edifici a ener...

L’edilizia è fondamentale per raggiungere gli obiettivi stabiliti dalla direttiva europea 2009/28/CE. L’Europa vuole inoltre ridurre drasticamente le emissioni di gas serra prodotti dal settore edilizio entro il 2050. La direttiva 2010/31/EU è lo strumento che permetterà di procedere in questa direzione. Essa prevede l’adozione degli edifici a ener...

Il settore edile è ritenuto cruciale per raggiungere gli obiettivi 20/20/20 dell’UE. L’Europa mira inoltre a conseguire riduzioni delle emissioni di gas serra nei settori residenziale e terziario rispettivamente dell’88% e 91% rispetto al 1990 entro il 2050. Con la revisione delle due direttive Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) e Ene...

Earth-to-Air Heat Exchangers (EAHE) represent a relatively simple technology that can be easily coupled with traditional HVAC systems as well as with hybrid systems in order to exploit the thermal capacity of the ground. The air is pre-heated in the cold season and pre-cooled in the warm season through the EAHE, thus smoothing the peak loads and re...

This ENTRANZE working paper presents the main results of the heating and cooling loads’ analysis and the energy demand for representative building types. The main con-tributors in this project are the end-use Efficiency Research Group of Politecnico di Mi-lano (IT), the National Renewable Energy Centre (ES) and the Energy Economics Group from the V...

Enerdata Enerdata SEVEn SEVEn, The Energy Efficiency Center Policies to enforce the transition to nZEB: Synthesis report and policy recommendations. 3 The ENTRANZE project The objective of the ENTRANZE project is to actively support policy making by providing the required data, analysis and guidelines to achieve a fast and strong penetration of nZE...

Enerdata Enerdata SEVEn SEVEn, The Energy Efficiency Center Policies to enforce the transition to nZEB: Synthesis report and policy recommendations. 3 The ENTRANZE project The objective of the ENTRANZE project is to actively support policy making by providing the required data, analysis and guidelines to achieve a fast and strong penetration of nZE...

The European standard EN 15251 specifies design criteria for dimensioning of building systems. In detail, it proposes that the adaptive comfort model is used, at first, for dimensioning passive means; but, if indoor operative temperature does not meet the chosen long-term adaptive comfort criterion in the “cooling season”, the design would include...

The building sector is one of the key sectors to achieve the 20/20/20 targets of the European Union (EU). Beyond these targets, Europe also aims at bringing about drastic reductions of greenhouse gas emissions in the residential and service sectors of 88% to 91% compared to 1990 by 2050. With the recast of the Energy Performance of Buildings Direc...

In many countries the availability of data about the energy performance of low-energy buildings is quite limited and this lack of information refrains potential investments on green buildings. In 2004, in order to contribute to generate and collect reliable performance data, the European Commission launched the GreenBuilding (GB) Programme aimed at...

The energy design of a building is a multivariable problem, which can accept different sets of solutions. In this paper an integrated energy design process is proposed to support designers in identifying the most suitable set of passive solutions to guarantee a comfortable indoor environment and hence to minimize its energy needs for space conditio...

The recast of the European Directive on Energy Performance of Buildings introduces the concept of nearly Zero Energy Building. To obtain a practical interpretation of this building concept, it is necessary to clarify two main issues: (i) how it is possible to select a reliable and agreed upon concept of “zero energy”; (ii) which technological featu...

Task 1 is led by the University of Wuppertal and deals with existing definitions for nearly zero-energy buildings in the Member States. This tasks contains three sub-tasks, first the identification of existing concepts, second the development of a comparative taxonomy and third an analysis about the practical application of the nearly zero-energy b...

At the Passivhaus of Cherasco, located in Pianura Padana (Italy), an earth to air heat exchanger (EAHE) and natural night ventilation (in summer) are used to deliver comfort conditions with very low energy consumption. One year and a half of continuous measurements have been carried out in order to evaluate the energy and comfort performances of th...

Cited By (since 1996):1, Export Date: 13 June 2013, Source: Scopus, CODEN: ENEBD, :doi 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.06.015, Language of Original Document: English, Correspondence Address: Carlucci, S.; Energy Department, End-use Efficiency Research Group, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambrischini 4, 20156, Milano, Italy; email: salvatore.carlucci@polimi.it...

As the overall costs of supplying power, and resources increase, IT managers are starting to examine their data center infrastructures more closely and determine where they can be more reliable, as well as more cost-effective and energy efficient. There are ways to achieve acceptable levels of performance and reliability without sacrificing the eff...

The IEE PrimeEnergyIT research project was proposed in 2009 to further enhance market development for energy efficient central IT equipment based on the previous initiatives and with a focus on so far largely uncovered IT hardware, including storage and network equipment as well as new power management technologies. The best practice examples colle...

European CEN Standard EN 15251 (2007) requires indoor thermal comfort conditions to be assessed and to fall within a category system for different levels of expectation and building purpose. The COMMONCENSE project has prepared and provided information about the energy implications of the Standard and in particular whether the Standard is encouragi...

ISBN : 978-91-633-4455-8 http://proceedings.eceee.org/

The introduction of energy labels, together with MEPS, implemented with EU Directives over the past years, has produced a very positive trend in the sales of more energy efficient appliances. Consumers have responded positively to this mandatory information scheme at the point of sales enabling the comparison of the energy-efficiency of various mod...

The energy savings achievable in the end-use space cooling depend on a number of variables related to the building envelope, the plants and to some extent the behavior of occupants. They are hence complex to evaluate and consequently often underrepresented in designers, energy managers and policy makers decisions. This paper is based on some result...

The introduction of energy labels, together with MEPS, implemented with EU Directives over the past years, has produced a very positive trend in the sales of more energy efficient appliances. Consumers have responded positively to this mandatory information scheme at the point of sales enabling the comparison of the energy-efficiency of various mod...

A major advantage of the Net Zero Energy Building (Net ZEB) approach is claimed to be the absence of energy performance indicators, hence avoiding the need to set internationally agreed limits. Nevertheless, if the rationale is to endorse the design of environmentally friendly buildings that promote sustainable development, then reasonably strict r...

In the presence of renewed research and application efforts towards low- or zero-energy buildings, the issues of fine-tuning comfort and fully understanding its connection with energy use are becoming increasingly relevant both for research and application, and particularly so in the Mediterranean zone. This chapter discusses how the evolution of k...

Synopsis Conceptually, a Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB) is a building with greatly reduced energy needs that are balanced by an equivalent generation of electricity, or other energy carriers, from renewable sources. So far no common agreement exists on a clear and sound definition of NZEB, even though the subject is receiving significant attention...

The recast of the Directive on energy performance of buildings introduces nearly zero-energy buildings. In this paper we discuss about what the expression “zero-energy building” could mean and how an existing Passivhaus might be improved to reach the zero-energy target in Italy, and to achieve satisfactory thermal comfort levels in summer in accord...

In the presence of renewed research and application efforts towards low or zero energy buildings, the issues of fine-tuning comfort and fully understanding its connection with energy use are becoming increasingly relevant both for research and application, and mostly so in the Mediterranean zone. This paper discusses how the evolution of knowledge...

One of the fastest growing sources of new energy demand is space cooling. The studies EECCAC and EERAC predict a four-fold growth in air- conditioned space between 1990 and 2020 (Adnot, J. et Al, 2003). The IEA Future Building Forum identified space cooling as one of the fastest growing sources of new energy demand (International Energy Agency, 200...

In Germany and in other countries of Central and Northern Europe more than 8,000 homes conforming to the Passivhaus standard have been built since 1991. The applicability of this Standard has not yet been sufficiently tested in European ar- eas with warm climates, where reducing cooling needs under growing summer comfort requirements poses a challe...

In Central and Northern Europe several thousands homes conform to the Passivhaus standard have been built. The applicability of this Standard has not yet been sufficiently tested in warmer climates, where reducing cooling needs under growing summer comfort requirements poses a challenge. The IEE Passive-on project has drafted a proposal to adapt th...

This paper provides an empirical analysis of market behaviour under ‘Tradable White Certificate’ (TWC) schemes. It focuses on the entire set of ‘flexibilities’ granted to obliged parties to meet a mandatory energy-saving target cost-effectively, i.e. range eligible measures, eligible end-use sectors, banking provision, market engagement of non-obli...

The paper presents the analysis made to support an Architect Studio (Richard Meier, NY) in the process of designing a large office and laboratory building (6 400 m2 above ground and 10 600 m2 under ground) that will be constructed in 2008 in the new technology area near Bergamo. The building, following the design style of Meier (see for example the...

In Germania e negli altri Paesi del Centro e Nord Europa (Austria, Belgio, Svizzera, Svezia, ecc.) sono state finora costruite più di 8 000 abitazioni conformi all’attuale Standard Passivhaus. Mentre in Germania i professionisti del settore e larga parte dei consumatori riconoscono come “casa passiva” un edificio certificato Passivhaus ed è stato s...

Sono stati sviluppati da eERG, e affinati per questa pubblicazione, modelli di Passivhaus ottimizzati per tre climi italiani (Milano, Roma e Palermo) che forniscono un esempio di un insieme di soluzioni progettuali capaci di soddisfare i criteri energetici e di comfort del nuovo standard Passivhaus esteso. Queste soluzioni se confrontate alla loro...

Windows and facade systems combining solar control glazing with indoor Venetian blinds can be a very effective strategy to provide thermal and visual comfort. The solar factor of such systems strongly depends on the blind tilt angle and on the relative angular positions of the Sun in respect to the window. In the present paper a modified version of...

This paper describes the possibility of designing funding mechanisms that conciliate the interest of electric companies with the social objective of delivering end-use energy efficiency. End-use energy efficiency carried out by energy companies, here called Demand-Side Management (DSM), is being questioned in a number of countries. This paper start...

One of the fastest growing sources of new energy demand is space cooling. According to EU-studies a four-fold growth in air-conditioned space is likely to take place between 1990 and 2020. The energy savings achievable in the end-use space cooling depend on a number of variables related to the building envelope, the plants and to some extent the be...

This paper describes some of the thinking behind the thermal comfort provisions of the new European Standard EN15251 (CEN: 2007) which deals with all aspects on the indoor environment. The paper will present the evidence on which its provisions are based (focusing on thermal comfort) and the advantages they present for those concerned to design bui...

This paper presents results from a study analyzing the possibilities of IRP and DSM in the recently created European internal electricity market. The study, supported by the European Commission and finished in May 2000, is based on empirical surveys of electricity and gas market structures as well as of IRP and DSM activities in the European Union...

Despite the available knowledge about technologies for passive cooling, cooling energy consumption is still increasing in Europe. The international project Keep- Cool addressed this gap, searching for intelligent ways to promote the market penetration of passive cooling solutions. KeepCool introduced an integrated approach called "sustainable summe...

An in-dept analysis of a large office building built in the 60s (occupied by the Italian Ministry for the Environment, chosen for its representa-tivity of buildings built in the 50's and 60's) has been performed. A software model of the build-ing has been created and used to simulate its be-haviour in the climate zone of Rome, using a dynamic simul...