Lokman Aziz Abdulkareem

• Professor in Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
• Professor (Full) at University of Zakho

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness and potential adverse reactions when providing a different Pfizer-BioNTech booster shot to 235 volunteers who had previously received the BBIBP-CorV Sinopharm primary vaccination series. Between February and December 2022, a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Duhok, loca...

The current study is performed to identify the flow regimes of oil-gas two-phase flow experimentally in a vertical pipe has an internal diameter of 6.7 cm. It also aims to provide more details about the possibility of using Differential Pressure Transducers (DPT) for indicating flow patterns. A flow development of oil and gas has been investigated...

There are many petrochemical industries that need adequate knowledge of multiphase flow phenomena inside pipes. In such industries, measuring the void fraction is considered to be a very challenging task. Thus, various techniques have been used for void fraction measurements. For determining more accurate multiphase flow measurements, this study em...

Prediction of the flow pattern is a central problms in multi-phase flow analysis. It is a vital point for researchers to accurately predict which flow pattern category types will occur at different flow rates. For this purpose, a mathematical model using the MATLAB (R2017b) computer program is developed for the prediction of gas-liquid two-phase fl...

In an artificial environment, the most important key in the process equipment design is determining gas-liquid two-phase flow frictional pressure drop of pipes. To achieve this, an experimental investigation was carried out in this study to analyze the pressure drops of air-water two-phase flow in a 30mm internal diameter horizontal pipe with a len...

Irrigation is essential in farms, and it can be done by transfer water from water source to farm. However, energy is the main point to operate the irrigation process. Due to shortage of electricity and the high cost of diesel, there is difficulties to meet the demand of irrigation. In this study, solar energy is considered to design a solar water p...

To improve the performance of vapor compression refrigeration systems that use vertical gravitational flash tank separators, the liquid separation efficiency of the vertical gravitational flash tank separator requires to be approved. To approach this improvement, the two-phase flow development and its behavior after the expansion device need to be...

Suitably formed gas injection geometries permit optimizing the volume of the bubbles created in oil production pipes without recourse to having to change the flow rates of gas. Unfortunately, little research attention has been dedicated to such a study, which may affect the gas lift method of EOR. To address this knowledge gap and to gain more unde...

Two-phase flow behaviour and its flow patterns have a significant effect in many applications in industry. Oil-gas is one of the two-phase flow types that have many applications in petroleum and power stations. An oil-gas two-phase flow behaviour and flow patterns have been investigated in an inclined pipe using two different tomography sensors: Wi...

https://etasr.com/index.php/ETASR/article/view/4192

The current research aims to improve the cetane number of diesel extracted from the crude oil of Tawke region in Iraqi Kurdistan. A specific mixture of chemical compounds was prepared which included m-nitrophenol, 4-nitro toluene, and nitrobenzene. The components' effects were investigated with regard to the cetane number, flash point, viscosity, a...

Two phase flows are of particular importance in various research fields. In the current article, a novel system consists of an X-ray tube and one sodium iodide crystal detector with ability of determining type of flow regime as well as void fraction percentage of a two phase flow, is proposed. MCNP-X code was used for physical modelling of the prop...

Radiation-based instruments have been widely used in petrochemical and oil industries to monitor liquid products transported through the same pipeline. Different radioactive gamma-ray emitter sources are typically used as radiation generators in the instruments mentioned above. The idea at the basis of this research is to investigate the use of an...

The current investigation aimed to identify pressure gradients and to study the fully developed flow patterns of oil-gas as a blend in a pipe of internal diameter 50 mm and 6 m length with different orientations of 0, 30, and 45-degree. The study was performed at constant values of liquid superficial velocities 0.052, 0.157, 0.262, 0.314, 0.419, an...

In this paper, the feasibility of using an X-ray tube instead of radioisotope sources for measuring volume fractions of gas, oil, and water in two typical flow regimes of three-phase flows, namely, annular and stratified, is evaluated. This study’s proposed detection system is composed of an X-ray tube, a 1 inch × 1 inch NaI detector, and one Pyrex...

Reliable and accurate prediction of the transition from spherical cap bubble to slug flow is crucial not only to the operation of industrial facilities such as the crude oil pipelines, bubble column, and nuclear reactors but also for model development for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies. The present paper presents a review of the transit...

The air-water two-phase flow plays an important role in many applications of industry fields. Usually, a 90-degree bend is used to connect pipes for changing the direction of flow which influences the two-phase flow pattern. In this paper, the effect of 90-degree bend under different ranges of gas and liquid superficial velocities on the two-phase...

The current research aims to improve the cetane number of diesel extracted from the crude oil of Tawke region in Iraqi Kurdistan. A specific mixture of chemical compounds was prepared which included m-nitrophenol, 4-nitro toluene, and nitrobenzene. The components' effects were investigated with regard to the cetane number, flash point, viscosity, a...

The present study has been carried out to investigate the characterization of two-phase flow bubbles that occurred in a column of an internal diameter 50 mm, where the liquid phase is represented in Silicone oil. The effectiveness of the tomography technique regarding the flow patterns analysis is studied as well as, high-speed videos were captured...

A thorough understanding of the behaviour of the transition from plug to slug flow is imperative based on the fact that the transition can trigger an abrupt radial pressure variation. This can bring about major vibrations to the pipeline and also lead to big differences in pressure gradient and wall temperature. Unfortunately, the transition from p...

This study explores the utilization of red soil and Kaolin clay in abstracting sulfur from the crude oil extracted from Qadia and Tawke fields in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It uses the following devices to study/analyze the chemical composition of red soil in various locations in our region and a sample of kaolin clay for the town of Hillah in c...

The identification and characteristics of flow configurations in pipes are very important in oil industry due to its role in governing equipment design. In vertical riser many flow configurations could be observed such as bubbly, slug, churn, and annular flow. In this project, two tomographic techniques have been applied simultaneously to the flow...

In the current study, an experimental study was carried out on the rheological properties of hybrid non-Newtonian nanofluid (MWCNTs–ZnO/Water–Ethylene glycol (80:20 vol.%)) to develop a new model. The viscosities of nanofluid were evaluated in the temperature range of 25–50 °C with volume fractions of φ = 0.075%, 0.15%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, and 1.2%....

The rise velocity of Taylor bubbles in small diameter bubble column was measured via cross-correlation between two planes of time-averaged void fraction data obtained from the electrical capacitance tomography (ECT). This was subsequently compared with the rise velocity obtained from the high-speed camera, manual time series analysis and likewise e...

The rise velocity of Taylor bubbles in small diameter bubble column was measured via cross-correlation between two planes of time-averaged void fraction data obtained from the electrical capacitance tomography (ECT). This was subsequently compared with the rise velocity obtained from the high-speed camera, manual time series analysis and likewise e...

In this work, the Sisko model is involved for blood flow simulation in the arteries with triangular shapes of stenosis, which is different in severities of 20%, 30%, and 40%, respectively. Firstly, the effects of different severity of stenosis as much as 20%, 30%, and 40% are investigated in the velocity of blood while artery radius of 0.002m and S...

New data for pressure drop, void fraction and flow pattern in a vertical riser using air–silicone oil as the system fluid are reported in this work. A differential pressure cell (DP cell) was used to measure the pressure drop. In addition, void fraction data was recorded simultaneously using an electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) and wire mesh...

Air-water two-phase flow in pipes introduces a noticeable challenge due to the complexity of the fluids. Thus, to estimate the best design and reasonable financing cost of the transportation pipelines where the bends are presenting a part of their accessories, the investigators should have been able to estimate the flow regime occurring at differen...

Air-water two-phase flow patterns at vertical 90 degree bend inlet and outlet using WMS sensor

In this study, 13 different surface locations and 20 mud samples were collected during drilling, from one of the oil wells in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The samples were taken at different well depths. RAD7 technique was used for finding Arabia, radon concentration in the soil ranges from 75 to 220Bq/m 3 [3], with a reported mean value of 4561...

An experimental study was carried out to explore viscous effects on the flow pattern and bubble behavior in a small diameter bubble column using silicone oil fluids of viscosities 5, 100, 1000, and 5000 mPa s. The flow pattern was obtained from the probability density function using the time averaged void fraction traces of the real-time qualitativ...

Multiphase flows are common in industrial settings and bends in pipe lines cannot be avoided due to space limitations. Gas-liquid two phase flows could form material discontinuities that could have adverse effect on productivity and the pipe network due to sudden variations resulting due to the rapid momentum flux variations at fittings such as ben...

M easurements have been made with Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) and a Wire M esh Sensor (WM S) using air-silicone oil (viscosity 5 mPa s) on a 67 mm diameter pipe. The experiments were carried out in a facility at Nottingham University dif ferent inclinations. The cross-sectional distribution of gas fraction is obtained from the WM S and...

Electrical Capacitance Tomography provides the opportunity to visualize the contents of a process of many applications such as pipeline and obtain information on the flow configuration. Multiphase flow is an extremelycomplex field of fluid mechanics; the characteristics of the operations of many equipmentin different areas of industry such as o...

Very viscous liquids (>100 Pa s) are found in form of heavy oils and polymers in industry as well as in the natural environment (silicatic magma). Little is known of their behaviour as gas bubbles up through them in vertical columns. Using advanced tomographic instrumentation, the characteristics of these flows have been quantified. It was found th...

Bubble column reactors are used as multiphase flow reactors in chemical, bio reaction and petrochemical industries such as absorption and stripping. In this study, bubble behavior in two viscous fluids under uniform gas has been simulated by using a set in twophase bubbly flow. The two-phase bubbly flow considered to be homogenous and heterogene...

The main objective of this work is to size a vertical axis gas liquid separator to separate gas and liquid on a long distance in gas-liquid pipelines. This is necessary to ensure the safe operation of the compressors used along the pipelines.The separator equipped with wave plate demister (vane pack) as the secondary separator.The design is achieve...

The effect of liquid viscosity on slug flow in a 50 mm diameter bubble column was investigated experimentally using air-silicone oil as operating fluid with silicone oil of viscosities 5, 100, 1000 and 5000 mPa.s. Data was collected using Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT), a non-intrusive advanced instrumentation measuring technique and the h...

Pipes that make up oil and gas wells are not vertical but could be inclined at any angle between the vertical and the horizontal which is a significant technology of modern drilling. Hence, this study has been undertaken to look at the effect of inclination on flow characteristics especially at 10 degrees from both horizontal and vertical. Air/sili...

The structure of gas liquid flow in horizontal and vertical pipes to some extent is well understood. However, the situation in inclined pipes is much more difficult with very little work published in literature. Changes in physical phenomena occur as the pipe inclination angle varies from the vertical through to inclined and then to horizontal. Thi...

Two tomographic techniques have been applied simultaneously to the flow of air and silicone oil in 67 mm internal diameter vertical pipe. A twin plane electrical capacitance tomgraphy (ECT) electrode system driven by Tomoflow electronics was positioned below a new capacitance wire mesh sensor (WMS) system. The former used 8 electrodes around the pi...

The application of a novel wire-mesh sensor based on electrical capacitance (permittivity) measurements for the investigation of gas–oil two-phase flow in a vertical pipe of 67 mm diameter under industrial operating conditions is reported in this article. The wire-mesh sensor employed can be operated at up to 5000 frames per second acquisition spee...

Two tomographic techniques have been applied simultaneously to the flow of air and silicone oil in 67 mm internal diameter vertical pipe. A twin plane electrical capacitance tomgraphy (ECT) electrode system driven by Tomoflow electronics was positioned below a new capacitance wire mesh sensor (WMS) system. The former used 8 electrodes around the pi...

This paper presents the results of a series of experiments conducted on a vertical 67 mm internal diameter riser to study the characteristics of slug flow generated within a multiphase air-silicone oil mixture, for a range of injected superficial gas and liquid flow rates. Air/ silicone oil flows in a riser have been investigated using advanced ins...

A wire-mesh sensor has been employed to study air/water and air/silicone oil two-phase flow in a vertical pipe of 67 mm diameter and 6 m length. The sensor was operated with a conductivity-measuring electronics for air/water flow and a permittivity-measuring one for air/silicone oil flow. The experimental setup enabled a direct comparison of both t...

A wire-mesh sensor has been employed to study air/water and air/silicone oil two-phase flow in a vertical pipe of 67 mm diameter and 6 m length. The sensor was operated with a conductivity-measuring electronics for air/water flow and a permittivity-measuring one for air/silicone oil flow. The experimental setup enabled a direct comparison of both t...

Vesicle textures of basaltic scoria preserve information on magma bubble content at fragmentation and are commonly used to constrain degassing, vesiculation and magma permeability. These studies are based on the assumption that microscale textures are representative of the conduit-scale structures and processes. However, the conditions for which th...

Modern oil/gas well drilling methods in particular in the offshore industry involve deviated drilling in which the production tubing can be inclined at any angle between the vertical and the horizontal. Riser tubes from the seabed to the surface or to floating production vessels (FPSO) will also rarely be exactly vertical. This work describes a stu...

Gas-liquid flow in vertical pipes, which is important in oil/gas wells and the risers from sea bed completions to FPSOs, was investigated to determine the effects of physical properties on the characteristics of the mixture such as void fraction, structure frequency and velocity as well as the shape of 3D structures. These are difficult to visualis...

Two tomographic techniques have been applied to the flow in a 67 mm internal diameter vertical pipe. One is Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) mounted on the outside of the non-conducting pipe wall. Another technique, known as the Wire Mesh Sensor (WMS) was used. The measuring systems provide time and cross-sectionally resolved information abo...