Ljuba Evstatieva

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences | BAS · Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research

Developmental pattern modification in essential oil bearing Artemisia alba Turra was obtained by exogenous plant growth regulator (PGRs) treatments in vitro. Enhanced rooting (in PGR-free and auxin-treated plants) led to elevation of the monoterpenoid/sesquiterpenoid ratio in the essential oils of aerials. On the contrary, root inhibition and inten...

The aim of this study was to evaluate flower and leaf methanol extracts of A. alba Turra for their total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant capacity and to investigate their phenolic composition. The flower extract was richer in total phenolics and flavonoids and possessed higher antioxidant activity through DPPH and ABTS assays. The UHPL...

Planta Med 2016; 82(S 01): S1-S381 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1596790 Abstracts Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York Biotechnological yield of phytopharmaceuticals of valuable Balkan medicinal plants Danova K1, Todorova M1, Trendafilova A1, Wolfram E2, Evstatieva L3, Aneva I3, Koleva P1, Meier B2 1Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phyt...

Artemisia alba Turra is an aromatic plant, characterized by a high variability of the terpenoid profile of its essential oil. In previous research, in vitro shoots of the plant were developed, aiming at elucidation of the effects of plant growth regulators on essential oil production. Though less information is available in literature regarding the...

Sideritis scardica Griseb. is a valuable medicinal perennial plant and a species of high conservation value. This Balkan endemic is distributed only in Bulgaria, Macedonia, Greece and Albania, and is included in the Red Data Book of Bulgaria with a category " endangered ". The natural populations of the species are subjected to significant pressure...

Sideritis lanata is a rare species important from nature conservation point of view. We present results of a study on plant communities of the species in its natural localities in Bulgaria situated only in south-western part of the country. Rich fl oristic composition was found in the natural habitats of S. lanata, including several rare and endemi...

The essential-oil composition of six native populations of Sideritis scardica from Bulgaria was studied by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. Altogether, 37 components, representing 73.1 to 79.2% of the total oil content were identified. Among them, a-pinene (4.4 –25.1%), b-pinene (2.8 –18.0%), oct-1-en-3-ol (2.3 –8.0%), phenylacetaldehyde (0.5 –9.5%), b-b...

Background: Sideritis scardica and S. raeseri are very popular medicinal plants in Albania, Macedonia, and Bulgaria. Objective: Comparison of the phenolic, flavonoid, and diterpene contents and detailed chemical profiles, as well as data on antioxidant activity, comprising plant material from different locations in the Balkan Peninsula. Materials...

Sideritis raeseri Boiss.et Heldr. belongs to the section Empedoclia of genus Sideritis L. (Lamiaceae). The extensive use of this species in Mediterranean traditional medicine is one of the reasons for the current threatened and vulnerable status of its populations. The species is endemic for the Balkan Peninsula and is naturally distributed in Alba...

Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae) is an annual medicinal plant, commonly known as Puncture vine. The Project “Complex investigations of Tribulus terrestris L. for sustainable use by pharmaceutical industry” supported by the National Science Fund of Bulgaria was launched in 2008. The studies were focused on the distribution of economically val...

Tribulus terrestris, commonly known as Puncture vine, is a member of the Zygophyllaceae family. The steroidal saponins are considered to be the factor responsible for the biological activity of the products derived from this plant. The content of the main steroidal saponins protodioscin, prototribestin, dioscin and the flavonoid glucoside rutin in...

Tribulus terrestris is an annual medicinal plant. Its row material is collected for industrial uses from the nature. The distribution of its populations as well as the quantity of the drug production (productivity) in specific sites and conditions were studied. Thirty three economically significant localities were established in the Thracian floris...

Ten pyrrolidine alkaloids were isolated and identified from three uninvestigated Bulgarian species of genus Senecio. Integerrimine N-oxide was isolated and identified as N-oxide for the first time, while 7—and 9—angeloylplatinecine were proved like base and N-oxide by procedure giving possibility for evaluation of the forms in which they are presen...

Arnica montana L. is an endangered species rich in sesquiterpene lactones, phenolic acids and flavonoids with high pharmaceutical value. The polyphenolic content and free radical scavenging activity of plants that had passed all stages of cultivation: micropropagation and rooting (in vitro), adaptation in greenhouse (ex vitro) and mountain conditio...

Essential oil composition of wild growing and cultivated Rhodiola rosea has been compared by GC and GC-MS analyses. Geraniol, E-cinnamyl alcohol and myrtenol were found to be main components in the both samples. Cultivated sample differed mainly in the content of three components n-octanol, β-bourbonene and δ-cadinol.

The essential-oil composition of six native populations of Sideritis scardica from Bulgaria was studied by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. Altogether, 37 components, representing 73.1 to 79.2% of the total oil content were identified. Among them, α-pinene (4.4-25.1%), β-pinene (2.8-18.0%), oct-1-en-3-ol (2.3-8.0%), phenylacetaldehyde (0.5-9.5%), β-bisab...

Modifi cations of plant growth regulators supplied to Artemisia alba in vitro cultures have been previously shown to affect plant morphogenesis and terpenoid profi le of the essential oil of aerial parts. We report here on the effects of plant growth regulators on the terpenoid profi le, structure of photosystem II in vitro as well as on the endoge...

Methanolic extracts from the aerial and root parts of in vitro cultured Artemisia alba and the aerials of in vitro cultured Clinopodium vulgare, Hypericum tetrapterum,H. richeri and the endemic H. rumeliacum were evaluated for their nitric oxide scavenging capacities. Extracts of H. rumeliacum, H. richeri and H. tetrapterum exhibited remarkably hi...

Puncture vine (Tribulus terrestris L., Zygophyllaceae) is an annual prostrate medicinal plant that is widely used for treatment of sexual deficiency, as an aphrodiziac. Steriodal saponins and rutin are among the basic compounds responsible for the biological activities of T. terrestris extracts. Efficiency of mineral nutrition (soil or foliar suppl...

Volatile components of nine Sideritis scardica samples from cultivar planted at different ecological conditions were studied by GC and GC/MS. Thirtyeight individual components in concentration exceeding 0.2% were used for comparison of the studied samples. They belong to mono-, sesqui- and diterpenes, and their oxygenated derivatives, aromatic and...

Sideritis scardica Griseb. is an endangered species with threatened and extremely vulnerable populations. The current study provides information about the population state and structure, vegetation dynamics and the place of the species in habitats in all locations of Slavyanka Mountain. Three localities of the species are investigated - at the base...

Sideritis scardica (Mountain tee, Pirin tea, Mursalitza tee) is endemic to the Balkan Peninsula and included as critically endangered in the Red Book of Bulgaria. Its collection and trade from nature are prohibited. The species occurs in Pirin, Slavjanka and the Rhodopes mountains from 1000 to 2200 m a.s.l. Sideritis scardica is a very popular medi...

The influence of plant growth regulators (PGR) on the essential oil composition and in vitro development of A. alba shoot cultures was studied. Two types of oils were determined, based on their terpenoid content. Close relations between the morphogenetic effects of PGR and the essential oil profile of the species were observed Predominance of root...

Arnica montana (Asteraceae) is an economically important plant and a source of bio-active sesquiterpene lactones. A. montana shoot cultures of three origins were studied: natural habitat in the Carpathians, Ukraine (ACU), Botanical garden, Chemnitz, Germany (ACG), and Botanical garden, Vienna, Austria (AVA). The rate of shoot micropropagation on Mu...

Sideritis syriaca L. is included in the Red Data Book of Bulgaria (2011) in the category of Critically Endangered plants (CR). The species has a very restricted distribution in Bulgaria limited to a few localities in Strandzha Mountain. As a result of our investigation a new locality was studied in the " Golemia Valog " place in addition to the alr...

The object of this study are rare and endemic species of the Bulgarian flora: Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm; A.jumrukczalica Pawl. (Bulgarian endemic); A.achtarowii Pawl. (Bulgarian endemic); Sideritis scardica Griseb. (Balkan endemic); Gentiana lutea L. ssp. symphyandra (Murb.) Hayek and Arnica montana L. The species are spreaded in the subalpin...

Puncture vine (Tribulus terrestris L., Zygophyllaceae) is an annual prostrate medicinal plant that is widely used in traditional or modern medicine. Steroidal saponins and rutin are among the basic compounds responsible for the biological activities of T. terrestris extracts. The efficiency of exogenous application of thidiazuron (TDZ) (Dropp R), a...

The samples of Tribulus terrestris (Zygophyllaceae) were collected from 16 localities in North Bulgaria, including four floristic regions. The content of three steroidal saponins- protodioscin (5.0-22.1 mg/g), prototribestin (3.1-12.1mg/g) and dioscin (0.62.3 mg/g) as well as the flavonoid glucoside rutin was analyzed using an HPLC method. The resu...

(1)H NMR spectroscopy was used as a method for quantitative analysis of sesquiterpene lactones present in a crude lactone fraction isolated from Arnica montana. Eight main components - tigloyl-, methacryloyl-, isobutyryl- and 2-methylbutyryl-esters of helenalin (H) and 11α,13-dihydrohelenalin (DH) were identified in the studied sample. The method a...

Antioxidant properties of total methanol extracts from 54 species of 30 families were studied. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) radical was used for evaluation of free radical scavenging. Among tested species, the extracts of Rumex crispus (radix), Rubus occidentalis (folia), Rumex alpinus (radix), Euphorbia helioscopia (herba) and Rubus idaeu...

Rhodiola rosea L. (Crassulaceae), or "rose root" is a perennial herbaceous plant, distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. Pharmacological studies have shown that R. rosea exhibits different biological activities - antioxidant, antidepressant, anticancer, etc. The aim of this study was to compare the chemical composition of essential oils from rhizo...

Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae) is an annual prostrate medicinal plant that is widely used for treatment of sexual deficiency, as an affrodiziak. Steriodal saponins and rutin are among the basic compounds responsible for the biological activities of T. terrestris extracts. In the present study a comparative analysis of thermoluminescence (T...

Tribulus terrestris (L.) is a small annual herb. As a medicinal plant it is used for treatment of sexual deficiency as afrodisiac. The study showed the variability of the content of three furostanol saponins - protodioscin, prototribestin and pseudoprotodioscin, among seven origins from different geographical regions. Cluster analysis was performed...

The influence of the extraction method on the yield and composition of extracts of Sideritis (Pirin mountain tea) has been studied. Maceration, ultrasound-assisted (USAE) and microwave assisted extraction (MAE) were applied. Total phenolics and total flavonoids were quantified spectrophotometrically, and individual compounds were analyzed by HPLC-D...

This work deals with ultrasonically assisted extraction (UAE) of biologically active compounds from rhizomes of Rhodiola rosea, a popular medicinal plant. The influence of temperature, type of solvent and solid/solvent ratio on the yield of total extracts, total phenols and flavonoids was established. The best extraction of total phenols and flavon...

A new iridoid diglucoside, 10-O-(E)-p-coumaroylmelittoside (1) and a new flavone glucoside, O-(6''-O-Acetyl-)-beta-glucopyranosylchrysoeriol (2), together with four known flavone glycosides, were isolated from the aerial parts of Sideritis lanata. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, 2D NMR and MS.

Seven new irregular linear sesquiterpene lactones, epi-antheindurolide A (1), epi-antheindurolide A-5,6-oxide (2), 5-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-6,13-dehydro-epi-antheinduro lide A (3), 5-hydroperoxy-5,6-dihydro-6,13-dehydro-epi-antheindurolide A (4), epi-antheindurolide B (5), 6-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-4,5-dehydro-epi-antheindurolide A (6) and 6-hydroperoxy-5...

Hexane extracts of wild Sideritis scardica Griesb. and of cultivated hybrid S. scardica x S. syriaca were analyzed by (GC-MS and tested for antimicrobial activity. Main components of all the extracts were diterpenes and n-alkanes. Cultivated and wild plant extracts demonstrated significant activity against S. aureus. The results demonstrate the pos...

Sesquiterpene lactones isolated from the genus Anthemis are used as chemotaxonomic markers. The obtained results support with some exceptions the botanical classification in Flora Europaea. Discrepancy between the lactone profile, cluster analysis and classification of A. melampodina, A. macedonica and A. austriaca in the genus Anthemis is discusse...

The steroidal saponins of Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae) are considered to be the factor responsible for biological activity of products derived from this plant. The activity depends on the concentration and the composition of active saponins, which in turn is influenced by the geographical origin of plant material. Samples of T. terrestri...

The aim of this study was to determinate the quantity of salidroside in one and two year old Rhodiola rosea L. samples, propagated in vitro, in comparison with coeval ones, grown by seeds. The average content of the investigated substance in the rhizomes was 0.64% at the first and 0.61% at the second year and exceeds that of the marker individuals....

The flower heads of cultivated in Bulgaria A. chamissonis subsp. foliosa afforded four pseudoguaianolides and six flavonoid aglycones. It was established that the lactone quantity corresponds to the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia.

Microwave assisted extraction (MAE) was applied for extraction of biologically active compounds from Rhodiola rosea L. Various extraction conditions-different solvents, MAE time, solid/liquid ratio and microwave power were investigated to optimize the extraction of polyphenols, flavonoids and total extractable compounds. It was found that MAE compa...

Samples of Tribulus terrestris (Zygophyllaceae) were collected from two areas along the South Black Sea shore in Bulgaria. The soil salinity was < 150 mg salts in 100 g soil for the first area, and 700-800 mg salts in 100 g soil for the second. It was found that the increase of soil salinity leads to a decrease of the total lipid content in T. terr...

The essential oils from three species of genus Micromeria Bentham (fam. Lamiaceae) growing wild in Bulgaria (M. dalmatica and M. cristata) and Macedonia (M. cristata and M. juliana) have been analyzed and discussed in context with the results obtained for the corresponding Micromeria essential oils from the region. The obtained essential oils were...

An LC–ESI-MS analysis was performed to determine the iridoid composition of Lamium album, Lamium amplexicaule, Lamium garganicum, Lamium maculatum, and Lamium purpureum. Nine iridoids known to occur in these species, lamalbid, sesamoside, lamiol, 5-deoxylamiol, shanzhiside methyl ester, caryoptoside, penstemoside, lamioside, and barlerin, could be...

Biodiversity of the medicinal plants in Bulgaria is assessed. The legislative acts dealing with their protection and management are examined. The factors and conditions influencing the extent of their usage are analyzed. Data are presented on the export of medicinal plants during the last years. The trends, measures and approaches determined by the...

Nine Bulgarian species from the genus Senecio were studied phytochemically and/or by GC-MS analysis. Senecivernine-N-oxide was isolated and identified by spectral data for the first time. Different types of pyrrolizidine alkaloids were tested for cytotoxicity on murine lymphocytes. At a concentration of 100 µg/ml, the alkaloid retroisosenine showed...

The plant species Gentiana lutea L. is protected by the "Law for Environmental Protection" in most European countries and is included in the Red Book of Bulgaria. It is wide used in both traditional and modern medicine for drug production. The purpose of this investigation was to elaborate an efficient method for in vitro propagation of G. lutea as...

The volatiles from fresh flowers and leaves of Gentiana lutea L., Gentiana punctata L. (yellow Gentiana spp.) and Gentiana asclepiadea L. (Gentianaceae Juss.) were analyzed by GC/MS and 81 compounds identified. The samples studied showed differences in the volatile profiles of flowers and leaves among the species. In the flower-oils straight chain...

This paper shows the changes of the volatile compounds from four Astragalus species at three phenological stages: leaf development, flowering and fructification, which might be connected with the plant defense. After GC/MS analyses of Astragalus glycyphyllos L., A. hamosus L., A. cicer L. and A. spruneri Boiss., different groups of volatile compoun...

The new alkaloid 6alpha-angeloylplatynecine, together with other four known pyrrolizidine alkaloids was identified from above ground parts of Senecio nemorensis subs. fuchsii.

Alkaloid pattern of individuals from 16 Bulgarian Galanthus elwesii populations was investigated by GC/MS and TLC. Twenty-one Amaryllidaceae alkaloids were detected and 14 of them were identified. Crinane type alkaloids, haemanthamine or crinine, dominated alkaloid metabolism in most of the populations. With exception of one population, where the s...

The aerial parts of Anthemis austriaca Jacq. afforded five new sesquiterpene lactones (two of which are dimeric guaianolides) and three new guaiane type sesquiterpene acids In addition, seven known terpenoids were also found in the studied species. Their structures were elucidated by spectral methods.

A GC/MS analysis of alkaloids from leaves, bulbs and roots of Pancratium maritimum was performed. From the identified 16 alkaloids, 5 alkaloids were reported for the first time for this plant. Several compounds with pharmacological activity were found. Haemanthamine was main alkaloid in the leaves and bulbs whereas galanthane was found to be main a...

Sixteen populations of Galanthus elwesii Hook.fil and five populations of Galanthus nivalis L. growing in Bulgaria were investigated for the presence of galanthamine by TLC and GC-MS. Between 3 and 11 alkaloids were detected by TLC in the total alkaloid fractions. Galanthamine was found in 2 populations of G. elwesii.

The volatiles of fresh flowers from nine natural populations of four Lamium species and Lamiastrum galeobdolon were analyzed by GC/MS. 49 compounds, 43 of them new for Lamium and Lamiastrum, were identified. The studied samples showed similarity of the volatile profiles and dependence of the oil-composition on the collection site. Significant amoun...

Plant samples from several species and populations of the genus Sideritis (Labiatae) grown in Bulgaria (S scardica, S syriaca and S montana) were extracted with different solvents. Their antioxidant activities were determined by the -carotene bleaching test (BCBT), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method and static headspace...

Twenty-seven pyrrolizidine alkaloids were identified by a detailed phytochemical study and GC/MS analysis on twelve Bulgarian species from genus Senecio. Twenty of them are new for the corresponding species. Other six structures remain tentatively identified.

Plant samples from several species and populations of the genus Sideritis (Labiatae) grown in Bulgaria (S scardica, S syriaca and S montana) were extracted with different solvents. Their antioxidant activities were determined by the ‐carotene bleaching test (BCBT), 2,2′‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging method and static headspa...

The genus Anthemis (tribe Anthemideae, family Asteraceae) comprises about 62 species distributed in Europa (Fernandes, 1976), of which 24 are found in Bulgaria (Andreev et al., 1992). Anthemis carpatica ssp. carpatica Willd. (A. orientalis ssp. carpatica (Willd.) Hayek) is growing in the mountains of Southern Europe: Pyrenees, East Alps, Carpathian...

The new alkaloids 7-,9-diangeloylplatynecine (1) and 8-episarracine N-oxide (2), were isolated and identified from the roots of Senecio macedonicus. Another one, 8-epineosarracine was detected by GC/MS analyses of the crude alkaloid mixture. The cytotoxicity and biological activity of the alkaloids were tested on normal murine spleen lymphocytes an...

Erucifoline (1) and 9-angeloylhastanecine (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Senecio aquaticus. Five other pyrrolizidine alkaloids were tentatively identified by GC/MS analysis: jacobine; seneciphylline; spartioidine; jacozine; and senecionine.