Liyi Li

• The University of Manchester

The correlation between persistent human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients has garnered increasing attention. UL82 is a tegument protein of HCMV, and our previous research indicated that the presence of UL82 is significantly associated with reduced overall survival in CRC patients. However, the...

Background Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) has emerged as a significant biological characteristic of colorectal cancer (CRC). Studies reported that MSI-H CRC generally had a better prognosis than microsatellite stable (MSS)/microsatellite instability-low (MSI-L) CRC, but some MSI-H CRC patients exhibited distinctive molecular characteristic...

The induction of cuproptosis, a recently identified form of copper‐dependent immunogenic cell death, is a promising approach for antitumor therapy. However, sufficient accumulation of intracellular copper ions (Cu²⁺) in tumor cells is essential for inducing cuproptosis. Herein, an intelligent cuproptosis‐inducing nanosystem is constructed by encaps...

Introduction Colorectal cancer remains a life-threatening malignancy with increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, new and effective anti-colorectal cancer therapeutics are urgently needed. Methods In this study, we have studied the anti-tumor properties and potential mechanisms of PF-04449913. Colorectal cancer cell viability was...

We present a formal model of Checked C, a dialect of C that aims to enforce spatial memory safety. Our model pays particular attention to the semantics of dynamically sized, potentially null-terminated arrays. We formalize this model in Coq, and prove that any spatial memory safety errors can be blamed on portions of the program labeled unchecked;...

We present voqc , the first verified optimizer for quantum circuits , written using the Coq proof assistant. Quantum circuits are expressed as programs in a simple, low-level language called s qir , a small quantum intermediate representation , which is deeply embedded in Coq. Optimizations and other transformations are expressed as Coq functions,...

Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with poor prognosis in many cancers. However, the relationship between metabolic syndrome and overall survival (OS) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. We aimed to comprehensively analyze whether MetS could affect postoperative complications and long-term survival in patients...

Quantum computing technology may soon deliver revolutionary improvements in algorithmic performance, but it is useful only if computed answers are correct. While hardware-level decoherence errors have garnered significant attention, a less recognized obstacle to correctness is that of human programming errors-"bugs." Techniques familiar to most pro...

This paper is concerned with the problem of state estimation for nonlinear multi-sensor systems with cross-correlated noise and packet loss compensation. In this case, the cross-correlated noise is modeled by the synchronous correlation of the observation noise of each sensor, and the observation noise of each sensor is correlated with the process...

The Space Plasma Environment Research Facility (SPERF) being built in Harbin provides a laboratory platform for research on space plasma. The vacuum system, as an essential subsystem, is designed to set up an experimental vacuum environment for plasma experiments. However, the SPERF with a large volume of 2.315×105 l contains a lot of outgassing lo...

The magnetic reconnection process relevant to that at the magnetotail is one of the research contents of the Space Plasma Environment Research Facility, which is under construction at the Harbin Institute of Technology in China. Two magnetic mirror sub-coils placed symmetrically in the vertical direction and connected in series cooperate with a dip...

This paper presents a study on controlling the out-of-water motion of amphibious multi-rotor UAVs using a cascade control method based on the Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) algorithm. The aim is to overcome the challenges of time-varying model parameters and complex external disturbances. The research involves developing an underwater...

Spatial memory safety violation is still a major issue for C programs. Checked-C is a safe dialect of C and extends it with Checked pointer types and annotations that guarantee spatial memory safety in a backward-compatible manner, allowing the mix of checked pointers and regular (unchecked) pointer types. However, unchecked code vulnerabilities ca...

We introduce Qunity, a new quantum programming language designed to treat quantum computing as a natural generalization of classical computing. Qunity presents a unified syntax where familiar programming constructs can have both quantum and classical effects. For example, one can use sum types to implement the direct sum of linear operators, except...

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most fatal malignant tumors, and is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage with no effective therapy. Metabolism-related genes (MRGs) and immune-related genes (IRGs) play considerable roles in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, an effective prediction model based on MRGs and IRGs could aid in the prognosis...

Many quantum programs are assured by formal verification, but such verification is usually laborious and time-consuming. This paper proposes quantum natural proof (QNP), an automated proof system for verifying hybrid quantum-classical algorithms. Natural proofs are a subclass of proofs that are amenable to completely automated reasoning, provide so...

Quantum algorithms often apply classical operations, such as arithmetic or predicate checks, over a quantum superposition of classical data; these so-called oracles are often the largest components of a quantum program. To ease the construction of efficient, correct oracle functions, this paper presents VQO, a high-assurance framework implemented w...

The Space Plasma Environment Research Facility (SPERF) is a ground-simulation facility, which is under construction, for studying space plasma. It includes a terrestrial space plasma environment simulation system (T-S system) and near-space plasma environment simulation system (N-S system). Plasma experiments performed on the SPERF require the func...

The Space Plasma Environment Research Facility uses a coil system with the corresponding pulsed power supply (PPS) system to generate a very flexible magnetosphere-like magnetic configuration. Its purpose is to investigate the 3D asymmetric reconnection and the processes of trapping, acceleration, and transport of energetic charged particles restra...

The Space Plasma Environment Research Facility (SPERF) is a ground simulation user facility for studying the space plasma physical processes. This study presents the design and construction of a vacuum control system for the SPERF to set up an appropriate vacuum environment for plasma experiments, including the terrestrial space and near space vacu...

Purpose: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with poor prognosis in many cancers. However, few studies have comprehensively analyzed the relationship between metabolic syndrome and the overall survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Our study aimed to comprehensively analyze whether MetS could affect postoperative complications and long-t...

Evidence suggests that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection may be implicated in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the correlation between HCMV infection and survival outcomes in patients with CRC remains unclear. Here, we constructed a flow algorithm to identify HCMV sequences based on the RNA-seq data of patients with CRC der...

Quantum computing technology may soon deliver revolutionary improvements in algorithmic performance, but these are only useful if computed answers are correct. While hardware-level decoherence errors have garnered significant attention, a less recognized obstacle to correctness is that of human programming errors -- "bugs". Techniques familiar to m...

We present a formal model of Checked C, a dialect of C that aims to enforce spatial memory safety. Our model pays particular attention to the semantics of dynamically sized, potentially null-terminated arrays. We formalize this model in Coq, and prove that any spatial memory safety errors can be blamed on portions of the program labeled unchecked;...

Dipole approximation is a common simplified method in magnetic field research, which is widely used in magnetic anomaly detection, control of magnetic device and magnetic field experiment. The accuracy of magnetic dipole approximation will determine the upper limit of related applications. Previous studies have shown that the dipole approximation o...

To enhance the linear motor thrust density, scholars have focused extensively on cooling systems. Conventional cooling plates induce eddy current damping in the time-varing magnetic field, decreasing the dynamic characteristics of the motor. Therefore, a toothed cooling plate is proposed, which effectively reduces the metal water-cooled plate’s edd...

Quantum algorithms often apply classical operations, such as arithmetic or predicate checks, over a quantum superposition of classical data; these so-called oracles are often the largest components of a quantum algorithm. To ease the construction of efficient, correct oracle functions, this paper presents VQO, a high-assurance framework implemented...

To improve the torque performance of the permanent magnet vernier machine in the direct-drive system for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), this paper proposes the topology of non-uniform tooth distribution. This distribution, considering the additional flux harmonics, aims to contribute to torque improvement, whereas the cogging torque also increases...

With the increasing requirements for miniaturization and high braking torque, it is now necessary to analyze the thermal characteristics to the same extent as the electromagnetic design for eddy current brakes. However, due to the lack of suitable convection heat transfer correlations for axial flux eddy current brakes, it brings difficulties to de...

The implications of the end effect for flux linkage and thrust ripple in a slot-less long-stator permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (LSPMLSM), are analyzed in this paper. Since it is affected by the end effect, the air-gap magnetic field density under the end permanent magnet is different from that under the non-end permanent magnet, leading...

Neuroinflammation is one of the major processes that trigger neuropathological amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and contribute to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. Naked mole rats, which are the longest living rodents and exhibit negligible senescence, have a special brain microenvironment characterized by high-molecular-mass hyaluronan (HMM-HA) and h...

Available evidence suggests that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection may be implicated in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the correlation between HCMV infection and survival outcomes in CRC patients is unclear. Here, we constructed a flow algorithm to identify HCMV sequences based on the RNA-seq data of CRC patients derived...

In this paper, a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM), which is rated at 15kW, 120krpm for a gas compressor, is designed and optimized. According to the design specifications, two design schemes of different rotor topologies are presented and compared by the finite element method (FEM) to determine the preliminary scheme of the or...

A three-step model for calculating the magnetic field generated by coils inside cuboid-shaped shields like magnetically shielded rooms (MSRs) is presented. The shield is modeled as two parallel plates of infinite width and one tube of infinite height. We propose an improved mirror method that considers the effect of the parallel plates of finite th...

As quantum computing steadily progresses from theory to practice, programmers are faced with a common problem: How can they be sure that their code does what they intend it to do? This paper presents encouraging results in the application of mechanized proof to the domain of quantum programming in the context of the SQIR development. It verifies th...

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

A novel flux switching permanent magnet linear motor (FSPMLM), which has the advantages of high thrust density (the ratio of average thrust to permanent magnet volume) and low cost for long-stroke application, is proposed and investigated in this paper. The topology of the novel FSPMLM with 12 slots is introduced and the basic operating principle i...

The Space Plasma Environment Research Facility (SPERF) is a new ground-based experimental device for fundamental research studies on space plasma currently under construction at Harbin Institute of Technology in China. Scientific objectives of the SPERF include studying the asymmetric reconnection dynamics relevant to the interaction between the in...

This paper proposes a novel hybrid rotor permanent magnet (HRPM) machine for the performance of torque and overload capability with the constraint of the rotor diameter. In order to optimize the electromagnetic performance, an analytical model (AM) is built by the magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) of the rotor and stator considering the saturation...

Ciclopirox (CPX) modulates multiple cellular pathways involved in the growth of a variety of tumor cell types. However, the effects of CPX on colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying mechanisms for its antitumor activity remain unclear. Herein, we report that CPX exhibited strong antitumorigenic properties in CRC by inducing cell cycle arrest, re...

Magnetic shields are specified by the shielding factor (SF) determined with an outside AC magnetic field that is uniform without the shield. External excitation coils (EECs) close to the shield are widely used as a field source. An analytic solution for the SF measured with an EEC is presented for the case of a spherical magnetic shield, which is a...

Purpose The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is a recently developed measure that is calculated using the serum albumin level, total cholesterol level, and lymphocyte counts. The aim of this study was to examine whether the CONUT score can predict post-operative outcomes in elderly patients undergoing curative gastrectomy. Patients and...

Accumulated evidence suggested the importance of the Rho/Rho‐kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway in cancer proliferation and invasion. However, its role in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is not well understood. This study evaluated the effect of ROCK signaling pathway on CRC behavior on the basis of a novel Rho/ROCK inhibitor RKI‐1447. Here, we found RKI‐1...

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are the recommended treatment for many solid tumors; however, resistance is a major clinical obstacle for their efficacy. High levels of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2 like-2 (Nrf2) in cancer cells suggest a vital role in chemoresistance, and regulation of autophagy is one mechanism by wh...

The common analytical models for the no-load iron loss of permanent magnet(PM) motors usually neglect the iron loss caused by the rotating magnetic field in the tooth tips and the harmonics of the magnetic fields in the teeth and yokes. This paper presents an analytical model for no-load iron loss of a fractional-slot surface-mounted permanent magn...

The development of efficient red‐emitting persistent phosphor is still an ongoing challenge. In the search of persistent materials in red range, Pr³⁺ is a good candidate owing to its transitions between ¹D2 and ³H4 state at about 612 nm. In this paper, we investigated the red persistent properties of Pr³⁺‐doped perovskite oxide ABO3, (A: K, Na and...

Thermal quenching is a common phenomenon hindering commercial applications of phosphors, and the relationship between matrix structure and thermal quenching is not yet clear especially for the red phosphor SrAl12O19:Mn⁴⁺. Here, we determined the energy levels of three types of Mn⁴⁺ sites in SrAl12O19 crystal structure based on the exchange-charge-m...

Different from the transition metal ions- and rare earth ions-doped long persistent materials, at present, bismuth ion-doped long persistent materials are rarely reported. In this work, we report on a novel phosphor Sr3Ga4O9:Bi3+ that combines photoluminescence, long persistent luminescence and triboluminescence at room temperature. The compound gl...

This paper investigates the thrust ripple of a consequent pole permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (CP-PMLSM). The components of the thrust ripple are analyzed through the comparison on the thrust waves’ constituent frequencies. A two-step design process is then proposed in order to reduce the different components of the thrust ripple. The fi...

Permanent magnet linear synchronous machines (PMLSMs)-driven motion stage for the semiconductor manufacturing equipment and machine tools has the basic requirement of high-dynamic response and high position accuracy. However, due to the direct-drive structure, the effect of parameter uncertainty including the electrical and the mechanical one and e...

Bismuth (Bi) functionalized glass and fibers are attracting much attentiondue to the super broad 1000-1700 nm emission and huge potential in new type fiber lasers and optical amplifiers. Currently, Bi fiber lasers are achieved only in low Bi content fibers, which usually suffer low absorption,emission intensity and insufficient anti-thermal quenchi...

Optical gas sensors present fundamental and industrial importance considering their broad applications. Challenges remain to obtain new photonic materials with broadband emission covering the absorption spectrum of typical combustion gases. Here, broadband near‐infrared (NIR) photoluminescence (PL) spanning the wide absorption spectrum of typical c...

Ultra-low magnetic fields have drawn lots of attention due to their important role in scientific and technological research. The combination of a magnetic shield and an active compensation coil is adopted in most high performance magnetically shielded rooms. Special consideration needs to be taken in the coil design since the magnetic shield signif...

Aims: Gastrointestinal cancers are a kind of deadly malignancy afflicting close to a million peoples worldwide. 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is a main chemotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment. However, prolonged exposure of 5-Fu to cancer cells may cause chemoresistance and decrease the therapeutic potential of 5-Fu. Main methods: Replication protei...

Recently, as a key red component in the development of warm white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs), Mn⁴⁺ doped fluorides with narrow red emission sparkle a rapidly growing interest as they improve the color rendition and enhance the visual energy efficiency. Herein, a red nanophosphor K2NaGaF6:Mn⁴⁺ with 150 - 250 nm in diameter has been synthesized by s...

CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 3 (CMTM3) is considered to be a tumor suppressor gene in multiple types of malignancies. Previous studies have indicated that CMTM3 suppresses metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gastric cancer. However, its role in gastric cancer cell proliferation has rarely been discussed. Mo...

The last decades have witnessed the discovery of tens of thousands of rare earth (RE) (e.g. Eu2+) and non-RE (e.g. Mn2+) doped photonic materials for near ultraviolet (NUV) and blue converted white light-emitting diodes (wLEDs), but the future development of wLEDs technology is limited greatly by the intrinsic problems of these traditional dopants,...

In adult neurogenesis young neurons connect to the existing network via formation of thousands of new synapses. At early developmental stages, glutamatergic synapses are sparse, immature and functionally ‘silent’, expressing mainly NMDA receptors. Here we show in 2- to 3-week-old young neurons of adult mice, that brief-burst activity in glutamaterg...

As a main driving force of electric vehicles (EVs), the losses of in-wheel permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) direct drive system can seriously affect the energy consumption of EVs. This paper proposes a loss optimization control strategy for in-wheel PMSM direct drive system of EVs which optimizes the losses of both the PMSM and the inverte...

For application in white light LEDs, the temperature-dependence of photoluminescence (PL) is an essential property of a phosphor. For divalent bismuth doped Ba2P2O7, this has not yet been reported, although this class of materials exhibits very interesting spectroscopic properties as a red-emitting phosphors for near-UV (NUV) to blue excitation. Th...

Unusually, valent Bi²⁺ ions doped into solids can exhibit near ultraviolet or blue excitation and red emissions. Previously the ion has only been found stabilized in compounds such as borate, sulfate or phosphate, and has not yet been reported in other types of compounds. In this work, we found that Bi²⁺ can also survive in CaAl12O19. Time resolved...

Aiming at space transposition using Space Robotic Arm (SRA), flexible docking between SRA’s end effecter (EE) and grapple fixture (GF) is the most important for space tasks. To avoid position errors leading to large contact force between EE and GF in the docking process, an adaptive impedance control method is proposed in this paper. PID feedforwar...

Space registration in cranial and maxillofacial surgery is intended to map the image space to the robot space. This requires calibration of multiple coordinate systems. In this process, the calibration accuracy between the robot coordinate system and the NDI vision coordinate system directly determines the precision of the surgical navigation syste...

This paper presents an equivalent winding model of small and medium permanent magnet synchronous motor. The model considers fill factor and void ratio. To verify the model, two winding samples are made. One is annular and adopts ordinary enameled wires. The other is circle but adopts self-adhesion wires. Temperature rises of the winding samples sup...

In order to build an uniform coordinate system for a medical robot and its vision system in surgery, an automatic space calibration method is proposed based on the rotational and translational movements of the robot. With this method, both the robot and the NDI vision system can be calibrated to the patient's bones contour, which matches the virtua...

In order to make full use of the ability of the low impact docking mechanism to reduce the contact force in the docking process, the impedance control strategy is designed. And then a kind of parameter adjusting flow is proposed for the impedance controller based on the influence rules of the target impedance. To perform a low impact docking missio...

In order to make large amount of data interaction safely, two physically isolated networks, and an automatic CD burning robot system were adopted to accomplish this tasks effectively. In this practical application, a multi-joint robot system has been developed to automatically manipulate CD disk for CD burning operation. FPGA module is used as the...

Direct-drive actuators, linear motors are widely used in many industrial and military applications, particularly in high-end manufacturing due to advantages of high force density, rapid dynamic response, and low thermal losses. Permanent magnet linear synchronous motors (PMLSMs) can dramatically improve the dynamic and static performance of the mot...

Adult neurogenesis is regulated by the neurogenic niche, through mechanisms that remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated whether niche-constituting astrocytes influence the maturation of adultborn hippocampal neurons using two independent transgenic approaches to block vesicular release from astrocytes. In these models, adult-born neurons but...

Adult neurogenesis is regulated by the neurogenic niche, through mechanisms that remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated whether niche-constituting astrocytes influence the maturation of adult-born hippocampal neurons using two independent transgenic approaches to block vesicular release from astrocytes. In these models, adult-born neurons but...

The designs of long-stator permanent magnet (PM) linear motor are widely adopted modular segments to simplify system and reduce energy losses. This paper investigates cross-coupling inductances for multi-segments PM linear motor with concentrated windings. Considering large phase inductances, an improved experimental method based on sine-wave volta...

Unusual concentration induced antithermal quenching of divalent bismuth ions occurs in heavily Bi2+-doped Sr2P2O7 phosphors along with a blueshift of the emission peak at higher temperature.

For the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) applied in the high-precision equipment, motor control system should have characteristics of high dynamic response and strong robustness. Predictive current control is an effective method to improve the dynamic response of the system, but it requires accurate motor parameters. This paper pre...

The resistance of a luminescent material to thermal quenching is essential for the application in high power LEDs. Usually, thermal luminescence quenching becomes more and more serious as the activator concentration increases. Conversely, we found here that a red phosphor Sr2P2O7:Bi(2+) is one of the exceptions to this as we studied the luminescenc...

In this paper, the improved active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) method is discussed firstly. This method is applied to the high precision positioning table, which is driven by the voice coil motor (VCM). Compared with the conventional ADRC, the proposed ADRC has been improved for its tracking differentiator (TD) is replaced by the reference...

Scintillation materials have been used widely in either military or civil areas, but most of them emit lights in the spectral range of ultraviolet or visible. There are few candidates with an emission in the spectral range of 650 to 1200nm. Here, we report a Bi2+ doped phosphor of Sr2P2O7:Bi2+, which once exposed to X-ray can emit deep red peaking...

The single DOF (degree of freedom) linear maglev (magnetic levitation) system is the basis of studying on the maglev guideway. Generally, the electromagnet is selected to provide the electromagnetic force, however, this force is highly nonlinear. This paper presents a linear model of the single DOF linear maglev system, and establishes the correspo...

In this paper, a composite nonlinear feedback (CNF) control method is adopted for servo positioning table which is driven by voice coil motor (VCM), it consists of a linear feedback part for achieving fast response and a nonlinear feedback part for suppressing the overshoot. Meanwhile, the disturbance observer (DOB) is designed to compensate the or...

The linear motor platform applied in the electromagnetic launch device is a high-speed motion system, motor drive system should have the characteristic of high dynamic response. Predictive current control is an effective method to improve the dynamic response of motor drive system. In order to achieve a higher current loop bandwidth, this paper pre...

Key points Extrasynaptic AMPA and NMDA receptors (AMPARs and NMDARs) were studied in newly generated young hippocampal granule cells at different stages of functional synaptic integration. Whereas AMPAR density increased dramatically with cell maturation, the NMDAR current density was nearly constant, leading to an initially high NMDAR to AMPAR con...

The luminescent properties of bismuth-activated materials depend strongly on the exact valence of the prevalent bismuth species. To create bismuth species with valence lower than trivalent, synthesis must usually be performed in a reducing atmosphere which facilitates the reduction reaction. In this work, we propose an alternative approach where in...

Longitudinal end-effects seriously affect the electromagnetic performance of linear motor especially for large volume devices such as electromagnetic launchers. So, the purpose of this paper is to study longitudinal end-effects in a permanent magnet (PM) slotless linear launcher and proposes some measures for improvement. The longitudinal end-effec...

As known, improving launcher thrust is the goal that the mankind is pursuing. There is no saturation phenomenon in the ironless permanent-magnet linear motor (IPMLM); hence, the thrust of IPMLM has a linear relationship with current through windings to provide larger thrust. The topology of IPMLM determines that its thrust fluctuation is smaller th...

This paper describes a tubular linear motor with special permanent magnet. Then, two kinds of permanent magnet magnetization directions for this motor are proposed, and the air-gap magnetic field is calculated and researched based on a finite-element method. Moreover, the magnetic field of the slotless tubular linear motor is contrasted with that o...