Lisa Carter-Harris

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | MSKCC · Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences

Purpose/Objectives: To examine relationships among demographic variables, healthcare system distrust, lung cancer stigma, smoking status, and timing of medical help-seeking behavior in individuals with symptoms suggestive of lung cancer after controlling for ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and social desirability. Design: Descriptive, cross-sectio...

Objective To explore knowledge and beliefs of long-term smokers about lung cancer, associated risk factors and lung cancer screening. Design Qualitative study theoretically framed by the expanded Health Belief Model based on four focus group discussions. Content analysis was performed to identify themes of knowledge and beliefs about lung cancer, a...

Background: Lung cancer screening is a recent recommendation for long-term smokers. Understanding individual health beliefs about screening is a critical component in future efforts to facilitate patient-provider conversations about screening participation. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the development and psychometric testing...

Background: Lung cancer screening with annual low-dose computed tomography is relatively new for long-term smokers in the USA supported by a US Preventive Services Task Force Grade B recommendation. As screening programs are more widely implemented nationally and providers engage patients about lung cancer screening, it is critical to understand b...

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography for long-term current and former smokers. However, lung cancer screening and its implementation is a complex issue. Screening has associated risks and potential harms that complicate the decision to screen for the patient, add to the already t...

Background Health belief is an important factor affecting lung cancer screening in high-risk population, but the research based on Chinese cultural background is still insufficient. Therefore, we adapted the English version of the Lung Cancer Screening Health Belief Scales (LCSHB) into the Chinese version (LCSHB-C) and examined its psychometric cha...

Background Non-compliance with scheduled colonoscopy is common among patients, especially in underserved populations. High no-show and late cancelation rates result in wasted resources, increased costs, and missed opportunities for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Among the barriers to colonoscopy is a lack of knowledge about the benefits, fears,...

Rationale: Shared decision-making (SDM) for lung cancer screening (LCS) is recommended in guidelines and required by Medicare, yet it is seldom achieved in practice. The best approach for implementing SDM for LCS remains unknown, and the 2021 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force calls for implementation research to increase uptake of SDM for LCS. Ob...

Online lung cancer screening assessments empower patients to learn about their risk for lung cancer and eligibility for screening. However, it is unknown whether these online assessments provide tailored recommendations that are consistent with national guidelines and include information to prepare patients for shared decision-making (SDM) consulta...

Introduction: With the growing popularity of vaping, evidence has emerged about the association between social media use and vaping among adolescents, possibly because of the proliferation of e-cigarette advertisements and other related content on social media. Our study examined the association between social media use and vaping among adolescent...

Background: Clinical practice guidelines for promoting smoking cessation in cancer care exist; however, most oncology settings have not established tobacco use assessment and treatment as standard care. Inadequate staff training and other implementation challenges have been identified as barriers for delivery of evidence-based tobacco treatment. P...

Background Smoke-free ordinances (SFO) have been shown to be effective public health interventions, but there is limited data on the impact SFO on lung cancer outcomes. We explored the effect of county-level SFO strength with smoking prevalence and lung cancer incidence in Indiana. Methods We obtained county-level lung cancer incidence from the In...

The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) defines engagement in research as the meaningful involvement of patients, caregivers, clinicians, insurers, and others throughout the entire research process—from planning to conducting the study to disseminating study results. The purposes of this paper are to (a) describe methods used to en...

Lung cancer is the deadliest cancer worldwide. Screening with low-dose computed tomography of the chest is still new and many screening-eligible individuals are unaware of this screening option, contributing to the extremely low rates of screening uptake. This chapter discusses the psychosocial influences on lung cancer screening behavior from the...

E-health interventions for tobacco cessation have evolved and proliferated over the last decade. These treatments for tobacco dependence include internet/website; texting/mHealth; apps and serious video games; social media; Quitlines and telephonic, interactive voice response (IVR); and telehealth/telemedicine/video conferencing counseling formats....

Psycho-Oncology, 4th edition, follows the publication of Psycho-Oncology, 3rd edition in 2015. This is the latest in the series of textbooks which have defined the field of psycho-oncology. William Breitbart, MD, serves as the new senior editor along with associate editors Phyllis N. Butow, PhD, MPH, of the University of Sydney; Paul B. Jacobsen, P...

This study examined nicotine and cannabis vaping among adolescents in treatment for substance use disorders. Participants were 363 adolescents aged 12–17 (66% male, mean age=15.5 [SD=1.3], 46% non-Hispanic white) seen for a specialty addiction intake evaluation between 2017 and 2019 at one of six medical offices of a large, integrated health care s...

Purpose/aims: Smoking-related stigma is manifested in the everyday social interactions of persons who smoke and can result in low self-esteem, diminished self-efficacy, and resistance to smoking cessation. The purpose of this study was to describe smoking-related social interactions as experienced by persons with a history of long-term smoking. D...

Background: There are well-documented disparities in lung cancer outcomes across populations. Lung cancer screening (LCS) has the potential to reduce lung cancer mortality, but for this benefit to be realized by all high-risk groups, there must be careful attention to ensuring equitable access to this lifesaving preventive health measure. Objective...

Introduction Lung cancer stigma negatively impacts the clinical care and outcomes of those diagnosed, resulting in enduring disparities. The objective of this study was to determine whether attitudes toward lung cancer and the stigmatization of people diagnosed have changed over a decade. Methods A cross-sectional survey was administered to the ge...

Accurate classification of smoking status has long been regarded as an essential prerequisite for advancing tobacco-related epidemiologic, treatment, and policy research. However, the descriptors we commonly use to classify people who smoke may inadvertently perpetuate harmful, stigmatizing beliefs and negative stereotypes. In recognizing the power...

Background: The (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in sudden disruption of routine clinical care necessitating rapid transformation to maintain clinical care while safely reducing virus contagion. Introduction: Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) experienced a rapid evolution from delivery of in-person cessation counseling services to virtual telehealth trea...

Objective To describe the point prevalence rates, relapse rates, smoking status, and symptoms of depression and to examine the relationship between smoking status and symptoms of depression from early pregnancy to 12 months after childbirth among low-income women. Design Secondary data analysis. Setting Data from the national Nurse-Family Partner...

The purposes of this methods article are to (a) discuss how integration can occur through a connecting approach in explanatory sequential mixed methods studies, (b) describe a connecting strategy developed for a study testing a conceptual model to predict lung cancer screening, and (c) describe three analytic products developed by subsequent integr...

BACKGROUND Introduction: Lung cancer screening is a U. S. Preventive Services Task Force Grade B recommendation that has been shown to decrease lung cancer-related mortality by approximately 20%. However, lung cancer screening is a complex decision secondary to potential risks (e.g., false positive results, overdiagnosis). Shared decision-making wa...

Background Lung cancer screening is a US Preventive Services Task Force Grade B recommendation that has been shown to decrease lung cancer-related mortality by approximately 20%. However, making the decision to screen, or not, for lung cancer is a complex decision because there are potential risks (eg, false positive results, overdiagnosis). Shared...

Background: Although new screening programmes with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for lung cancer have been implemented throughout the United States, screening uptake remains low and screening-eligible persons' decisions to screen or not remain poorly understood. Objective: To describe how current and former long-term smokers explain their...

Objective: Understanding lung cancer screening behaviour is crucial to identifying potentially modifiable factors for future intervention. Qualititative work has explored attitudes and beliefs about lung cancer screening from the perspective of the participant, but the theoretically grounded factors that influence screening-eligible individuals to...

Introduction: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. Although mammography screening is supported by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and has been found to effectively reduce mortality, only about 65% of women over 40 years of age are adherent to mammography screening guidelines, a rate far...

Introduction: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. Although mammography screening is supported by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and has been found to effectively reduce mortality, only about 65% of women over 40 years of age are adherent to mammography screening guidelines, a rate far...

6578 Background: Smoke-free ordinances (SFO) have been shown to decrease the prevalence of cardiovascular and pulmonary disease, but there is limited data on the impact of such policies on lung cancer incidence. We investigated the relationship between strength of county-level SFO with smoking prevalence and lung cancer incidence in Indiana. Method...

Introduction: Primary care visits present an opportunity to reduce tobacco use and tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) among adolescents. To date, few studies have examined tobacco-related electronic health record (EHR) documentation in adolescent visits. The purpose of this study was to 1) describe tobacco-related EHR documentation practices in adolesce...

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) promised to narrow smoking disparities by expanding access to healthcare and mandating comprehensive coverage for tobacco treatment starting in 2014. We examined whether two years after ACA implementation disparities in receiving clinician advice to quit and smokers' knowledge and use of treatment resources remained. W...

Background: Colorectal cancer mortality could be decreased with risk-appropriate cancer screening. We examined the efficacy of three tailored interventions compared to Usual Care for increasing screening adherence. Methods: Women (n=1196) ages 51 to 74, from primary care networks and non-adherent to colorectal cancer guidelines were randomized t...

Background Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) of the chest for lung cancer screening of heavy smokers was given a ‘B’ rating by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) in 2013, and gained widespread insurance coverage in the U.S. in 2015. Lung cancer screening has since had low uptake. However, for those that do choose to screen, little i...

This is the complete list of study participant demographic and smoking status variables and structured interview question responses. (DOCX)

This is the complete list of study themes and representative quotes. Each quote within each theme is from a different study participant. (DOCX)

This is the full semi-structured interview script. (DOC)

As the popularity and diversity of social media platforms increases so does their utility for health research. Using social media for recruitment into clinical studies and/or delivering health behavior interventions may increase reach to a broader audience. However, evidence supporting the efficacy of these approaches is limited, and key questions...

The public health imperative to reduce the burden of lung cancer has seen unprecedented progress in recent years. Fully realizing the advances in lung cancer treatment and control requires attention to potential barriers in their momentum and implementation. In this analysis, we present and evaluate the argument that stigma is a highly significant...

Lung cancer screening is a relatively new screening option. Inequalities related to screening behavior have been documented in other types of cancer screening. Because stage at presentation drives mortality in lung cancer, it is critical to understand factors that influence screening behavior in lung cancer screening in order to intervene. However,...

Background: Awareness of lung cancer screening remains low in the screening-eligible population, and when patients visit their clinician never having heard of lung cancer screening, engaging in shared decision making to arrive at an informed decision can be a challenge. Therefore, methods to effectively support both patients and clinicians to enga...

Introduction Disparities in receiving advice to quit smoking and other tobacco use from health professionals may contribute to the continuing gap in smoking prevalence among priority populations. Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), beginning in 2010, tobacco cessation services are currently covered in private and public health insurance plans. Pro...

Use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) has increased substantially over the past decade. However, unlike smoking, which is systematically captured by clinicians through routine screening and discrete documentation fields in the electronic health record (EHR), unknown is the extent to which clinicians are documenting patients' use of END...

Rationale: Lung cancer screening registries can monitor screening outcomes and improve quality of care. Objectives: To describe nascent lung cancer screening programs and share efficient data collection approaches for mandatory registry reporting in four integrated health care systems of the NCI-funded Cancer Research Network. Methods: We docu...

The purpose of this study was to identify current smokers’ communication format preferences for receiving smoking cessation information in a lung cancer screening setting. A cross-sectional correlational design using survey methodology with 159 screening-eligible current smokers was the method used. Data was dichotomized (digital versus traditional...

Abstracted statements (DOCX)

PRISMA checklist. (DOCX)

Background AIDS-related illness is the leading cause of mortality for adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa. Together, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda account for 21% of HIV-infected adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa. The United Nations framework for addressing the epidemic among adolescents calls for comprehensive sexual and reproductive health education....

Purpose: To describe the development of a conceptual model to guide research focused on lung cancer screening participation from the perspective of the individual in the decision-making process. Methods: Based on a comprehensive review of empirical and theoretical literature, a conceptual model was developed linking key psychological variables (...

The Society of Behavioral Medicine (SBM) supports the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening of the chest for eligible populations to reduce lung cancer mortality. Consistent with efforts to translate research findings into real-world settings, SBM encourages health-care...

Recruiting participants for research studies can be challenging and costly. Innovative recruitment methods are needed. Facebook targeted advertisement offers a low-cost alternative to traditional methods that has been successfully used in research study recruitment. This primer offers nurse researchers a method utilizing social media as a recruitme...

Background: Smokers are a stigmatized population, but an important population to reach for the purpose of research. Therefore, innovative recruitment methods are needed that are both cost-effective and efficacious in recruiting this population. Objective: The aim of the present article was to evaluate the feasibility of Facebook-targeted advertisem...

Introduction The population-level patterns of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among cancer survivors in the U.S. are unknown. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates of e-cigarette use among cancer survivors in a nationally representative sample. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of the 2014 N...

Aims: Lung cancer (LC) kills more people worldwide than any other cancer. Most die because they are diagnosed advanced with a 1% 5-year relative survival rate. Until recently, an effective screening test did not exist. Lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography is a recent USPSTF recommendation for high-risk smokers. New screenin...

Aims: Smokers are a stigmatized population, but an important population to reach for the purpose of research. Therefore, innovative recruitment methods are needed that are cost effective and efficacious in recruiting this population. The aim was to evaluate the feasibility of Facebook targeted advertisement to recruit long-term smokers eligible for...

Background Formative feedback is one way to foster students’ readiness for statistics examinations. Method We examined the use of Readiness Assurance Tests as an educational intervention in which feedback was provided for both correct and incorrect responses in a graduate-level statistics course. Exam scores in the intervention group (n=56) were...

Developing a Measure of Health Beliefs for Lung Cancer Screening in High-Risk Individuals Lisa Carter-Harris, PhD, RN, ANP-C Postdoctoral Fellow Indiana University School of Nursing Susan M. Rawl, PhD, RN, FAAN Indiana University School of Nursing Indianapolis, IN Aims: Guidelines for screening patients at high risk for lung cancer (LC), which i...

Lung Cancer Screening: What High-Risk Smokers Know and Believe? Lisa Carter-Harris, PhD, RN, ANP-C Postdoctoral Fellow Indiana University School of Nursing DuyKhanh Pham Ceppa, MD Indiana University School of Medicine Nasser Hanna, MD Indiana University School of Medicine Susan M. Rawl, PhD, RN, FAAN Indiana University School of Nursing Indianap...

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of perceived lung cancer stigma and timing of medical help-seeking behavior in symptomatic individuals. A convenience sample was recruited from an academic thoracic oncology clinic and community hospital-based outpatient radiation center in a large city in the southeastern United States. Thi...

PurposeThe purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to identify and describe pathways to a lung cancer diagnosis based on narratives of persons diagnosed with the disease.Data sourcesEleven adults with lung cancer were recruited from an academic thoracic oncology clinic in a large city in the southeastern United States. Moderately structur...

To fully understand the events leading to a diagnosis, retrospective recall can help nurse researchers reconstruct important health behavior-related events. However, retrospective recall can be a challenge. Key event mapping offers nurse researchers a method beyond retrospective chart review to elicit date data to explore the pre-diagnosis time fra...

Lung cancer stigma is an important phenomenon experienced by many lung cancer patients that can be a barrier to medical help-seeking behavior. The purpose of this study was to shorten the Cataldo Lung Cancer Stigma Scale (CLCSS). The original 31-item scale had excellent internal consistency reliability, but item redundancy. The majority of lung can...

to examine the prevalence of and the link of chronic illnesses (CIs) to informal caregivers of persons with dementia (PWDs), as well as to identify characteristics of caregivers with CIs. the sample included 124 caregivers of PWDs from a caregiver programme of research. Sociodemographic information and caregivers CIs were collected by an in-person...