Linong Ji

• Professor
• Peking University People's Hospital

The 10th Cardiovascular Outcome Trial (CVOT) Summit: Congress on Cardiovascular, Kidney, and Metabolic Outcomes was held virtually on December 5–6, 2024. This year, discussions about cardiovascular (CV) and kidney outcome trials centered on the recent findings from studies involving empagliflozin (EMPACT-MI), semaglutide (STEP-HFpEF-DM and FLOW), t...

Objectives: This study will characterize continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data in patients with type 2 diabetes in China, and assess the relationship between CGM-derived indicators and diabetes-related clinical parameters. Methods: The data for this study were collected from a randomized trial in China (ChiCTR2000039424) from February 2020 to Ju...

Aims To identify attitudes towards prescription of weight loss (WL) medications and WL surgery among people living with obesity (PLwO) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) in China. Materials and Methods This was a secondary analysis of the ACTION‐China study ( ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT05428501), a cross‐sectional, descriptive, survey‐based study co...

Background Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors are both hypoglycemia agents that specifically impact on postprandial hyperglycemia. We compared the effects of acarbose and sitagliptin add on to metformin on time in range (TIR) and glycemic variability (GV) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through conti...

Background Maturity‐onset diabetes of the young resulting from mutations of the NEUROD1 gene (NEUROD1‐MODY) is a rare form of diabetes and has not been well studied. We aimed to estimate its prevalence in Chinese patients with early‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (EOD) and summarize its clinical and genetic characteristics. Methods We performed ne...

Background The prevalence of early-onset type 2 diabetes (EOD) is rapidly increasing. This study intends to screen for early cardiovascular abnormalities in patients newly diagnosed with EOD and evaluate the cardiovascular risk across cluster phenotypes. Method A total of 400 patients ≤ 40 years old with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were enroll...

Background To assess the relationship between anti-inflammatory therapy and renal events risk in participants with cardiovascular risks or diagnosed cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods Literature searches were carried out in PubMed, Embase, clinicaltrial.gov and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Randomised controlled trials tha...

Importance Few of the available therapies for type 2 diabetes (T2D) comprehensively address disease burden beyond glycemic control. Examining whether berberine ursodeoxycholate (HTD1801), a first-in-class gut-liver anti-inflammatory metabolic modulator, has the potential to treat the core aspects of metabolic disease is important. Objective To ass...

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced type 1 diabetes (ICI-T1D) is a rare immune-related adverse event (irAE) of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This retrospective study aimed to characterize the clinical features and glucose patterns of ICI-T1D in Chinese individuals and compare them with those of traditional T1D. Between January 2019 and April...

This article describes the study rationale and design of the real-world multicenter registry study iCaReMe China. iCaReMe China is a prospective, multicentric, observational registry study aiming to understand the real-world characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and/or hypertension (HTN) [combined chronic kidney disease (CKD)] and/...

Aims To investigate the glucose profile of Chinese individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who also have metabolic syndrome. Materials and methods Type 1 diabetes participants from Peking University People’s Hospital were recruited from Jan 2017 to Jan 2024. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was developed based on the updated National Cholesterol...

Background Cardiovascular complications are major concerns for Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Accurately predicting these risks remains challenging due to limitations in traditional risk models. We aimed to develop a dynamic prediction model using machine learning and longitudinal trajectories of cardiovascular risk factors to improve predi...

Objective: To evaluate the association between sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and the risk of neoplasm in patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Literature retrieval was conducted using databases from inception to June 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SGLT-2i with placebo or other treatments in pati...

Postprandial glucose management is crucial for patients with diabetes. However, the currently adopted meal-bolus decision algorithms normally rely on subject-specific parameters and are impacted by time-varying insulin requirements caused by behavioral or metabolic variations. In this work, a data-driven meal-bolus decision method with an insulin-s...

Advanced sensing technology has enabled the real-time monitoring of blood glucose (BG), making it possible to explore the BG prediction problem based on continuous observations. In this work, we propose a novel switched neural process (NP) approach for long-term postprandial BG prediction, which has the probabilistic inference ability conditioned o...

Accurate and physiologically interpretable postprandial glucose prediction is of importance in diabetes self-management. In this work, the problem of personalized glucose prediction is considered, and an interpretable postprandial glucose trajectory prediction framework is proposed based on kernel-based system identification under physiological con...

Objective To evaluate the association between anti-diabetic agents and the risks of dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods Literature retrieval was conducted in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Clinicaltrial.gov between January 1995 and October 2024. Observational studies and randomized contr...

Background/Objectives: Type 2 diabetes and weight loss are associated with detrimental skeletal health. Incretin-based therapies (GLP-1 receptor agonists, and dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists) are used clinically to treat diabetes and obesity. The potential effects of semaglutide and tirzepatide on bone metabolism in type 2 diabetic mice remain unc...

Aims Microvascular complications, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), are common and serious outcomes of inadequately managed type 1 diabetes (T1D). Timely detection and intervention in these complications are crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to develop and e...

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the cardiorenal effect of combining sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RA) when compared with monotherapy of either agent in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Control...

Background: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) due to variants of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta (HNF1β) (MODY5) has not been well studied in the Chinese population. This study aimed to estimate its prevalence and evaluate the application of a clinical screening method (Faguer score) in Chinese early-onset diabetes (EOD) patients. Meth...

Objective: To test whether postprandial hypoglycaemia is an extreme and repeatable phenotype of glucose metabolism. Secondly, we explored the genetic determinants of this phenotype. Design and methods: We conducted this study using data from Pinggu Metabolic Disease Study database (n = 3,345). We selected subjects after an oral glucose tolerance te...

Denosumab is a completely human monoclonal high-affinity antibody that binds to the nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and is widely used to treat osteoporosis. Furthermore, it can potentially lower serum calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activation and preventing bone calcium from being released into the blood. This review aimed to provid...

Background/Objectives: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is one of the most common liver disorders associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome, and poses a significant global health burden with limited effective treatments. The aim of this study was to assess the protective effects of mulberry twig alkaloids (SZ-A) on MAFLD and to...

Aim We evaluated the efficacy and safety of cofrogliptin, a novel dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor taken once every 2 weeks (Q2W), compared with linagliptin (taken daily) in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin in China. Materials and Methods In this phase 3 randomized, double‐blind, active‐controlled, multicentre stu...

Background: In this study, we aimed to assess the associations between early exposure to famine and the risks of diabetic complications in adult patients with type two diabetes. Methods: The participants in this study were selected from China National HbA1c Surveillance System (2009-13) and further stratified according to the birth year. The par...

Background The associations between the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) slope and the cardiorenal prognosis in patients with renoprotective drugs have not been well characterized yet. Methods PubMed, Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang, Weipu databases and Clinicaltrial.gov were searched from inception to April 2023. E...

Aims To investigate the impact of baseline characteristics on the efficacy of once‐weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 0.5 and 1.0 mg in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from the SUSTAIN China trial. Methods In this post hoc analysis, data for semaglutide 0.5 and 1.0 mg versus sitagliptin 100 mg were analysed in the total ( n = 868) and Chinese...

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of insulin degludec biosimilar B01411 (HS-IDeg) with originator insulin degludec-Tresiba (NN-IDeg) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who were inadequately controlled on oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) for at least 3 months. Methods: This multicenter, randomized, open-label, para...

The association between anti-obesity medications (AOMs) as well as their weight-loss effects and cardiovascular outcomes need to be comprehensively investigated. We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials for Studies, and Clinicaltrial.gov website from the inception to April 2024 and included 129 randomized contro...

Objective Gain‐of‐function (GOF) variants of KCNJ11 cause neonate diabetes and maturity‐onset diabetes of the young ( KCNJ11 ‐MODY), while loss‐of‐function (LOF) variants lead to hyperinsulinemia hypoglycemia and subsequent diabetes. Given the limited research of KCNJ11 ‐MODY, we aimed to analyse its phenotypic features and prevalence in Chinese pa...

Aims To identify perceptions, attitudes, behaviours and barriers to effective obesity care among people living with obesity (PLwO) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) across mainland China. Materials and Methods ACTION‐China ( ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT05428501) was a cross‐sectional, observational, descriptive, online survey‐based study of 7000 PLw...

Introduction The protective effect of sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors on the kidneys has been widely recognized. However, limited research has reported the changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of real-world patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) over time after administration of SGLT-2 inhibitors. This st...

ISIS 449884, a 2′-O-methoxyethyl antisense oligonucleotide that targets the glucagon receptor (GCGR), has demonstrated an ability to reduce hepatic glucose output and lower the blood glucose level. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of ISIS 449884 as an add-on to metformin in a population of Chinese patie...

Aims/hypothesis The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide vs sitagliptin in a predominantly Chinese population with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin treatment. Methods The Peptide Innovation for Early Diabetes Treatment (PIONEER) 12 trial was a randomised, double-dummy, active-controlled,...

People with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease have a high risk for kidney failure and cardiovascular (CV) complications. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) independently reduce CV and kidney events. The effect of combining both is unclear. FLOW trial participants with type 2 dia...

Evaluating cardiovascular risks and choosing the right pharmacotherapy is crucial for personalized treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our study aims to dynamically estimate cardiovascular risks in patients with type 2 diabetes and predict their heterogeneous treatment responses to canagliflozin. We employed data from ACCORD and CANVAS for...

Introduction: Patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes (EOD) have 1.6-fold increased risk of cardiovascular death. Our study intends to screen for early cardiovascular abnormalities in EOD patients, and distinguish the population with cardiovascular risk through cluster classification. Method: A total of 400 newly diagnosed EOD patients come from...

Objective The study objective was to characterize subgroups of Asia‐Pacific patients with type 2 diabetes who achieved different glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) targets on tirzepatide treatment. Methods This was a post hoc analysis of the SURPASS AP‐Combo study. Baseline characteristics, changes in metabolic markers, and safety were compared between t...

OBJECTIVE Metformin, insulin, and insulin secretagogues do not alter HbA1c levels in glucokinase-maturity-onset diabetes of the young (GCK-MODY). However, the efficacy of the new hypoglycemic drugs on GCK-MODY remains unclear. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We describe a case of GCK-MODY with unchanged blood glucose under different therapies during a...

Purpose Multiple daily injection (MDI) insulin therapy is an effective method of glycemic control and appropriate assignment to MDI therapy could minimize the risks of hypoglycemia and weight gain. The aim of the present study was to identify factors associated with indication for MDI therapy in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods We recruited 360 par...

Aims Alström syndrome (AS) is a rare recessive disorder characterised by diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and visual and hearing impairments. Mutations in the ALMS1 gene have been identified as the causative agents of AS. This study aimed to explore the relationship between rare ALMS1 variants and clinical features in Chinese patients wi...

The 9th Cardiovascular Outcome Trial (CVOT) Summit: Congress on Cardiovascular, Kidney, and Metabolic Outcomes was held virtually on November 30-December 1, 2023. This reference congress served as a platform for in-depth discussions and exchange on recently completed outcomes trials including dapagliflozin (DAPA-MI), semaglutide (SELECT and STEP-HF...

Tirzepatide is a novel glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. In the SURPASS-AP-Combo trial, once-weekly tirzepatide was associated with improved glycemic control and weight loss versus insulin glargine and was generally well tolerated in an Asia-Pacific, predominately Chinese, population with typ...

Background: We proposed an artificial-pancreas-like algorithm (AP-A) which could automatically determine the pre-prandial insulin dose based on intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) data trajectories in multiple dose injection (MDI) therapy. We aim to determine whether pre-prandial insulin dose adjustments guided by the AP-A...

In this meta‐analysis, we aim to evaluate the risk of gallbladder and biliary disease of weight management strategies and investigate the association between weight reduction and risk of gallbladder or biliary disease. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a duration of at least 12 weeks that compare antiobesity medications (AOMs) with placebo o...

Objective The aim of this study is to determine the residual C-peptide level and to explore the clinical significance of preserved C-peptide secretion in glycemic control in Chinese individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Research design and methods A total of 534 participants with T1D were enrolled and divided into two groups, low–C-peptide group...

Mazdutide is a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon receptor dual agonist. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of 24-week treatment of mazdutide up to 6 mg in Chinese overweight adults or adults with obesity, as an interim analysis of a randomised, two-part (low doses up to 6 mg and high dose of 9 mg), double-blind, placebo-con...

Objective Insufficient thyroid hormone levels during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, adversely affect maternal and fetal health. However, the impact of isolated hypothyroxinemia (IH) on adverse pregnancy outcomes remains controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between IH during the first trimester and...

Glucokinase-maturity onset diabetes of the young (GCK-MODY) is a form of monogenic diabetes that is caused by heterozygous inactivating mutations in GCK gene. The management of GCK-MODY during pregnancy is challenging, as pharmacological treatment dose could not alter glycaemia in GCK-MODY in longitudinal studies and noninvasive antenatal fetal GCK...

OBJECTIVE We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mazdutide, a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist, in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Adults with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with diet and exerc...

This study assessed the safety, tolerability, and PK/PD of HSK7653 tablets in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This was a Phase IIa, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and dose-increasing study with 48 Chinese diabetes patients. Subjects were randomly assigned to placebo and 10/25/50 mg dose groups, and...

OBJECTIVE To uncover novel targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) by investigating rare variants with large effects in monogenic forms of the disease. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We performed whole-exome sequencing in a family with diabetes. We validated the identified gene using Sanger sequencing in additional families and diabetes- a...

Aims Whether sodium‐glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitors are effective for heart failure caused by ATTR‐CA (transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis) remains uncertain. The aim of this study is to investigate the cardiovascular prognosis in ATTR‐CA mice model with dapagliflozin treatment. Methods and results Humanized RBP4/TTR Val50Met and RBP4/TTR mice m...

In recent years, several novel agents have become available to treat individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), such as sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i), tirzepatide, which is a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonist (GIP RA)/glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), and finerenone, a non-stero...

Aim To compare the proportion of participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) treated with once‐weekly (OW) subcutaneous (SC) semaglutide versus comparators who achieved a composite metabolic endpoint. Materials and Methods SUSTAIN 1‐5, 7‐10 and SUSTAIN China trial data were pooled. Participants with T2D (aged ≥18 years) and glycated haemoglobin ≥7.0%...

Aim To investigate whether stratifying participants with prediabetes according to their diabetes progression risks (PR) could affect their responses to interventions. Methods We developed a machine learning‐based model to predict the 1‐year diabetes PR (ML‐PR) with the least predictors. The model was developed and internally validated in participa...

Chiglitazar (carfloglitazar) is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pan-agonist presenting non-inferior glucose-lowering efficacy with sitagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes. To delineate the subgroup of patients with greater benefit from chiglitazar, we conducted a machine learning-based post-hoc analysis in two randomized controlle...

Precision pharmacotherapy of diabetes requires judicious selection of the optimal therapeutic agent for individual patients. Artificial intelligence (AI), a swiftly expanding discipline, holds substantial potential to transform current practices in diabetes diagnosis and management. This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of contemporary re...

Background The association between adrenal size and metabolic profiles in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is unclear. This study was conducted to determine whether the adrenal thickness measured by computed tomography (CT) is correlated with the metabolic profiles of patients with DM. Methods This was a cross‐sectional study including 588 Chi...

Objective CEL-related maturity-onset diabetes of the young (CEL-MODY, MODY8) is a special type of monogenetic diabetes caused by mutations in the carboxyl-ester lipase (CEL) gene. This study aimed to summarize the genetic and clinical characteristics of CEL-MODY patients and to determine the prevalence of the disease among Chinese patients with ear...

Aim This trial was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of cetagliptin added to metformin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes who had inadequate glycaemic control with metformin monotherapy. Methods In total, 446 patients with type 2 diabetes on metformin monotherapy were randomized to receive the addition of once‐daily cetagliptin 100...

Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, cetagliptin, as monotherapy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and inadequate glycaemic control. Materials and methods: In total, 504 eligible patients with T2D were enrolled and randomized to cetagliptin 50 mg once daily, cetagliptin 100 mg once daily or...

To assess the association between insulin regimens and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after the introduction of basal insulin (BI) among people with type 2 diabetes in real-world clinical settings. 16,339 registered people with diabetes who had inadequate glycaemic control by oral agents initiated BI (either single BI or Basal-bolus) and co...

Aims/introduction: Clinical guidelines for the management of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus endorse the systematic assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk for early interventions. In this study, we aimed to develop machine learning models to predict 3-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in Chinese type 2 d...

Background Phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5), a phosphatase involved in mitochondrial homeostasis, is reported to be closely related to the metabolic stress induced by high-fat diet (HFD) or cold. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of PGAM5 on hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Meth...

DISCOVER is a global programme of observational research that includes patients with type 2 diabetes initiating second-line glucose-lowering therapy from 38 countries worldwide, including many with little or no previous epidemiological data available. More than 15,000 patients were followed-up for 3 years, and comprehensive data were collected usin...

Background: Studies on whether remnant cholesterol (RC) affects the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain insufficient. This study aimed to determine whether RC level was associated with the severity of CKD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: In total, 3383 individuals diagnosed with T2DM were enrolled in this...

Introduction: To evaluate the association of sensitivity to thyroid hormone with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a Chinese euthyroid population. Methods: A total of 3573 participants from Pinggu Metabolic Disease Study were analyzed. Serum-free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyrotropin (TSH), total adipose tissue...

Background: Impaired glucose regulation (defined as either impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose) is an important risk factor for the development of diabetes. We aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of metformin plus lifestyle intervention compared with lifestyle intervention alone in preventing diabetes in Chinese parti...

Background and aims: We aimed to evaluate the association between anti-inflammatory therapies and the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) or high cardiovascular risks. Methods: Literature retrieval was conducted in PubMed, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials...

(Abstracted from JAMA 2023;329(14):1206–1216) Prediabetes is a highly prevalent intermediate stage of glucose dysregulation that may precede type 2 diabetes. In the United States, approximately 10% of those with prediabetes will develop diabetes each year, and the prevalence of prediabetes is steadily increasing.

Aims: To describe health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and identify associated factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with oral glucose-lowering drugs (OGLDs). Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional analysis included adults with T2DM from 11 Asian countries/regions prospectively enrolled in the Joint Asian Diabe...

Chiglitazar is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pan-agonist showing comparable glucose-lowering efficacy with sitagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes. To identify the subgroup with higher benefits with chiglitazar thus personalizes drug therapy, a post-hoc analysis using a machine learning algorithm was applied in Chiglit...

Background: The historical origin for the T2D pandemic in China may lie in the 1959-1961 Chinese famine. This study is aimed to exam the associations between exposure to famine in early life and risks of diabetic complications in adult patients with T2D in China. Method: The participants in this study were selected from China National HbA1c Surveil...

Aims: To evaluate the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving metformin treatment and to investigate the effects of metformin daily dose and treatment duration on the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and peripheral neuropathy (PN). Materials and methods: In this multicenter cross-secti...

Objective: Maturity onset diabetes of the Young 4 (MODY4) is caused by mutations of PDX1, its prevalence and clinical features are not well known. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of MODY4 in Chinese clinically diagnosed early-onset type 2 diabetes (EOD), and to evaluate the relationship between PDX1 geno...

Diabetes is one of the most common phenotypes of Wolfram syndrome owing to the presence of the variants of the WFS1 gene and is often misdiagnosed as other types of diabetes. We aimed to explore the prevalence of WFS1-related diabetes (WFS1-DM) and its clinical characteristics in a Chinese population with early-onset type 2 diabetes (EOD). We seque...

Insulin gene (INS) mutations are associated with a rare form of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). Here, we describe a proband with early-onset diabetes resulting from a heterozygous mutation in the promoter region of INS and summarize the clinical features of INS mutations caused by MODY (INS-MODY) reported in previous studies. The proba...

Objective This study aimed to investigate the clinical implications of fasting serum insulin (FINS) levels in subjects with type 2 diabetes who were receiving insulin therapy. Methods A total of 1,553 subjects with type 2 diabetes [774 subjects who had never received insulin treatment (N-INS) and 779 subjects who were receiving insulin therapy (co...

Diabetes is prevalent, and it imposes a substantial public health burden globally and in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region. The cornerstone for optimizing diabetes management and treatment outcomes is glucose monitoring, the techniques of which have evolved from self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and to continuous...

Introduction Recent cardiovascular outcomes trials have demonstrated that glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) decreases the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG-Loxe) is a once-weekly GLP-1RA obtained by modifying exendin-4. N...

Glucose monitoring has evolved from self-monitoring of blood glucose to glycated hemoglobin, and the latest continuous glucose monitoring(CGM). A key challenge to adoption of CGM for management of diabetes in Asia is the lack of regional CGM recommendations. Hence, thirteen diabetes-specialists from eight Asia-Pacific(APAC) countries/regions conven...