Lillian Gungat

• Doctor of Philosophy (USM)
• Universiti of Malaysia Sabah

Building Information Modeling (BIM) plays a pivotal role not only in construction but also in the continuous evaluation of building energy dynamics. BIM methods provide precise energy performance assessments and consumption evaluations. This study focuses on assessing Energy Use Intensity (EUI) using Autodesk Insight 360 for a case study building a...

Road degradation is a common problem in Malaysia which caused by weather changes, expanding loads as well as the effects of ageing, moisture and temperature results in high maintenance expenses on conventional bitumen pavement. Therefore, it has been recommended on the modification of bitumen as a substitute technique to address this issue and exte...

Due to inadequate crude oil supply and a rising demand for petroleum asphalt in roadconstruction, the asphalt sector faces a continuing shortage. Continous research was conducted on renewable materials such as bio-oils derived via pyrolysis from local palm oil industries. Bio-oil is currently a viable option due to its renewability, environmental f...

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the optimum binder content of the stone mastic asphalt blending different types of crumb rubber and locally available sandstone aggregate in Sabah, Malaysia. The crumb rubber was dry mixed from 0–3% and bitumen ranging from 5–7% of the aggregate weight, compacted at 150 °C compaction temperature. G...

Accessibility and inclusion of Persons with disabilities (PWDs) is an essential requirement in every school building. This is in line with the latest amendments to Uniform Building By-Laws 2022 gazetted by the Sabah Local Government, and Malaysian Standard (MS). All public buildings including schools, were made compulsory to provide accessibility a...

Economical and environmental friendly materials that able to replace petroleum based binder has become an urgent demand in road industry. Bio oil from palm oil waste is relatively more economical and has the potential to used as bitumen replacement as bio asphalt. The performance of bio asphalt derived from different source and process to produce b...

The presence of heavy metals affects the properties of soil due to a decrease in the dielectric constant, which increases the risk of contamination. Current conventional treatments are costly, slower, and environmentally unsustainable. Therefore, soil biocementation improvement using enzymatically induced calcium carbonate precipitation has gained...

Nowadays, plastic pollution is one of the most critical issues related to sustainability development that need to be solved. Studies indicated that addition of certain amount of recycled plastic from Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) in asphalt mixture has improved the engineering properties such as marshall stability, moisture resistance, rutting a...

Through urban planning and municipal administration, a sustainable city seeks to solve issues of social, environmental, and economic effect. By integrating environmentally friendly options into local infrastructure, many sustainable efforts are made possible. Vehicle emissions from the road traffic have always been considered one of the most signif...

This papers offers a more simple and effective method to simulate indoor and outdoor wind field at the same time, while also exploring the influence of indoor wind field on air conditioning energy consumption. This paper presents an application framework for simulating indoor and outdoor wind field and an air conditioning system based on BIM. Throu...

This paper establishes a structural relationship between BIM strategies in eleven (11) energy sustainability elements divided into management and technical aspects that impact a sustainable campus. The work established thirteen (13) benchmarks for independent variables and one (1) dependent variable. The exploratory research design used in this stu...

Movement restrictions implementation due the COVID-19 pandemic affected people’s mobility and and transportation sectors globally. Tourism, retail, transportation, and hospitality also suffered significant consequences that indirectly impacted a country’s economic stability. Hence, this paper presents the Malaysian experience with the effects of th...

Although a considerable amount of research has been focused on how building information modeling (BIM) helps improve sustainable construction, BIM(6D) model validation and efficient data analysis methods are still lacking. This study aims to provide the more effective research method and analytical method. The Greenjiansville Sunshine analysis soft...

Water shortage problems occurred when insufficient quantities or only poor quality of water available for consumption . In some places, while fresh water is abundantly available for domestic use, high demand at industrial site and agricultural area requires the need to investigated alternative method of treatment for non-domestic water supply. In t...

T Campus Sustainability can be defined as the integration of sustainable environmental practices into higher education institutional practices. The involvement of the university community, including administration, academic departments (faculty and students), researchers, and the local community, is required for an effective transition to a sustain...

Asphalt binder, as one of pavement component is exposed to heat and rainfall. Polymer modified asphalt binder is a good alternative to withstand the weather in tropical countries. By utilizing warm mix asphalt additive, the high compacting and mixing temperature can be reduced. However, the impact to the environment and its characteristic towards h...

Flexible surface treatment for exterior pavement applications and the particular requirement to be specific pedestrian walkway design and parking areas are the fundamental feature of paver block identification. The use of conventional materials such as cement, aggregate, and sand is no longer such a priority. Under those circumstances, the producti...

This study examines the physical properties of a 60/70 penetration grade bitumen modified using warm mix asphalt (WMA) additive, Rediset and palm oil boiler ash (POBA) as a modifier. Modified binders were prepared by adding 2% of Rediset with different POBA contents (3, 5, 7, and 9%) through wet mixing process. Physical properties of modified bitum...

Roads play a pivotal role in the overall economic growth of any country. Developed countries allocated sufficient budget to make new roads and to maintain the existing roads. They also have a proper pavement management system (PMS) in practice to manage roads, whereas developing countries suffer from budgetary issues to make new roads and maintain...

Inclusive design is a main aspect in designing public buildings. Lack of accessibilities (ramp entrance, task lighting, lever door handles and etc.) as part of inclusive design methodology in public buildings used by the people for any purpose, such as, education, entertainment, worship or assembly has decreased a quality of international standard...

This is a review of the current research on the development of geopolymer based of eggshell powder (ESP) and fly ash (FA). This paper observes the mechanical properties which are the compressive strength and tensile strength of eggshell powder (ESP) and fly ash (FA) based geopolymer that is formed by an alkali activation method. It is shown that th...

The usage of crumb rubber in road construction has been widely acknowledged and extensively implemented globally and even locally in Malaysia due to the substantial benefits and versatility of this material contribution in road works. Even though the used of crumb rubber material in road works has been reported since the 1950s, in Malaysia, the imp...

Pavement maintenance has been a key concern for any pavement management authority. Countries are facing a severe challenge of funds in maintenance schemes, especially in developing countries. The existing pavement maintenance methods are goal-specific and lack integration of various indicators that are significant for any low-cost PMS. Thus, this p...

Driving behaviour has been studied by numerous researchers for the past few years. It includes the instantaneous driving behaviour observations and the drivers speed which are said to be influenced by many factors, such as the demographic measure of the drivers, environmental, passenger effect, and road characteristics. This paper describes the rec...

Governments face numerous challenges in sustaining road network conditions. This is attributed to road authorities’ shortages of financial and physical infrastructure. As a result, low-cost automated solutions are being pursued to solve these problems and provide people with appropriate road conditions. Several attempts have been made to improve th...

Disposal of accumulated plastic waste daily is an exigent in solid waste management. Hence, this study investigated the possibility of utilizing plastics waste in paver block fabrication for the pedestrian walkway. The development of paver block containing recycled plastic was started with a trial mix in order to identify the appropriate method for...

: Sabah is located in the northern part of Borneo Island. Three nations share the island namely Malaysia, Brunei, and Indonesia. The study focuses on the transportation network in the east coast of Sabah, mainly Semporna and Tawau. In general, most of the transportation network in Sabah is known to be in poor conditions. Although there are efforts...

Being situated in eastern Malaysia, Sabah is one of the states which have a firm economic foundation through agriculture, forestry as well as petroleum industries. However, even though it is rich with the natural resources that have long served for the country's economic growth, as a whole, Sabah is considered a little behind her counterparts in th...

: Sabah is located in the northern part of Borneo Island. Three nations share the island namely Malaysia, Brunei, and Indonesia. The study focuses on the transportation network in the east coast of Sabah, mainly Semporna and Tawau. In general, most of the transportation network in Sabah is known to be in poor conditions. Although there are efforts...

Increasing amount of waste and depletion of natural resources has encouraged recycling of materials in road construction. In this study, two types of recycled materials incorporated in road pavement construction, namely reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and crumb rubber warm mix asphalt (CRWMA) were investigated. Both materials were incorporated wit...

Developing countries are struggling with cost management of pavement construction and rehabilitation. This case is similar to developedcountries butdeveloping countries are suffering issues of inadequate funds. Therefore, most of the countries started usage of Pavement Management Systems (PMS) to manage the decision-making process and alternate/pri...

Damage-contributing factor of road pavement has become a concern in most of the previous studies. In some studies, it was stated that the weather and climate where the presence of water or moisture is one of the biggest factors. Thus, moisture-induced damage has been a major concern, associated with warm mix asphalt. This study analyses the moistur...

The innovation in education for global business is a collection of academic research articles from the Asian International Conference on Engineering Education. The engineering education case studies from teachers, students and engineers in Asia are discussed in each articles where it will advanced the field of engineering education and promote the...

The Asian Conference on Engineering Education was founded by Professor Emeritus Takao Hanabusa of Tokushima University, Japan with Professor Yun-hae Kim of Korea Maritime and Ocean University in 2009. The past seven editions of the conference have been organised in various venues around East Asia involving numerous institutions of higher learning a...

Economic and environmental benefits gain from the recycling of old pavement promotes the use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in the road construction and rehabilitation. However, high production temperature due to RAP stiffness becomes the main concern in the production of RAP. Reduced production temperature with the addition of warm mix asphal...

This study aims to investigate the Marshall properties of porous asphalt pavement containing Gondorukem rubber. Gondorukem rubber was used in 0%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% as a replacement to the asphalt binder. In this study, modified Gondorukem/Asphalt (G/A) was examined for its compatibility with porous asphalt pavement mixture by testing the Marshall...

Incorporation of warm mix asphalt (WMA) and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) has benefited the asphalt industry in many ways such as reducing the demand for virgin materials, lowering energy requirement during the asphalt production and construction, in addition to reducing greenhouse-gas emissions. This study evaluated the effects of Evotherm® and...

Environmental impact and emissions produced from asphalt road construction, promote research on green materials by combining the recycling and warm mix asphalt additive which aims to reduce the environmental impacts. This study evaluates the effects high reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) content incorporated with wax warm mix asphalt additive. Mille...

Construction on peat soils can have two alternatives, either to excavate and replace the weak soil or to improve the soil strength using soil stabilizers such as lime and other ground improvement method such as soil column. This paper studies the properties of Borneo tropical peat soil and the effect of lime-sand-column to the value of the void rat...

Warm mix asphalt (WMA) additive enables the utilization of more reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in road construction. However, variations in RAP properties complicate the characterization of the rheological properties of virgin binder when blended with reclaimed asphalt binder. This study presents the evaluation of rheological properties of reclai...

This paper presents a new approach to estimate the optimum binder content (OBC) of recycled asphalts (RAs) incorporating a warm mix additive based on the interaction effects of compaction temperature, RA content and binder content using volumetric and strength characterisation. The experimental design was developed using response surface method (RS...

Environmental problems caused by high temperature during the production of asphalt and road paving prompted research on alternative material that is more environmental friendly. Recent advances in asphalt technology have allowed the reduction of construction temperature using the warm mix asphalt additives. This paper presents the laboratory result...

High temperature for producing reclaimed asphalt mixture becomes the main concern in recycling as this will further age the reclaimed asphalt binder. Highly stiff binder causes workability and compatibility problems, hence affects the desirable performance of pavement. Warm mix asphalt additive is able to decrease the production temperature by redu...

Road construction built over subgrade clay soil may experience lower shear strength of bearing capacity which may develop the failure of the structure. In order to meet the shear strength requirement, improvement of weaker subgrade is essential. This study investigates the potential of Oil Palm Shell(OPS) for subgrade improvement. The effects of Oi...

Road pavement layered above subgrade plays an important role in road construction by ensuring a safe surface for traffic, providing waterproofing layer to protect and improve strength and durability of the road. Social and economic progress of mankind leads to increased vehicle use. A vast amount of non-exhaust particulate matter emission emitted t...

Recent emphasis on monitoring student outcomes to continuous quality improvement (CQI) of an academic curriculum has been influential in higher education. However, the term of continuous quality should be further anticipated with the experience and previous knowledge of student's pre-university qualifications. Very little work been studied on this...

Outcome Based Education (OBE) is as an educational process which is based on trying to achieve certain specified outcomes in terms of individual student learning. The OBE assessment includes three types of outcomes/objectives: the Course Outcomes (CO), the Program Outcomes (PO) and the Program Educational Objectives (PEO). The PEO is being assessed...

The roofing industry in Sabah has undergone marked changes and improvement in its quality and performance for the past 20 years in response to changes in local environment. In recent years, an increasing number of practitioners in the roofing construction industry in Sabah have observed that information related to roofing selection in terms of suit...

The roof surface temperature is an important property affecting the optimisation of internal comfort conditions as well as reducing attic temperature. A field study of the thermal performance of concrete tiles in Malaysia was evaluated by recording surface temperature at different times of the day using a Raytek Raynger ST “Infrared thermometer”. T...