Lidia I. Carracedo

Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer | Ifremer · Department of Oceanography and Ecosystem Dynamics

The Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) spills from the Mediterranean Sea (east North Atlantic basin) west off the Strait of Gibraltar. As MOW outflows, it entrains eastern North Atlantic Central Waters (ENACW) and Intermediate Waters to form the neutrally buoyant Mediterranean Water (MW) that can be traced over the entire North Atlantic basin. Its h...

We discuss the distributions and transports of the main water masses in the North Atlantic Subpolar Gyre (NASPG) for the mean of the period 2002–2010 (OVIDE sections 2002 to 2010 every other year), as well as the inter-annual variability of the water mass structure from 1997 (4x and METEOR sections) to 2010. The water mass structure of the NASPG, q...

We describe the circulation patterns in the Azores–Gibraltar Strait region (North-Eastern Atlantic) during the 2009 CAIBOX cruise on the basis of hydrographic and direct current velocity measurements. This study offers new data for a region where importation of central waters (subpolar and subtropical modes of Eastern North Atlantic central waters)...

The CAIBOX cruise was conducted from 25 July to 14 August 2009. Three consecutive transects (zonal, meridional, and transverse) formed a closed box to the west of the Strait of Gibraltar. This study aimed to analyze the thermohaline properties, volume transports, and water mass distributions (percentages) along the meridional section (30-41.5 degre...

Mesoscale oceanic eddies contribute to the redistribution of resources needed for plankton to thrive. However, due to their fluid-trapping capacity, they can also isolate plankton communities, subjecting them to rapidly changing environmental conditions. Diazotrophs, which fix dinitrogen (N2), are key members of the plankton community, providing re...

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a key component of the Earth's climate. However, there are few long time series of observations of the AMOC, and the study of the mechanisms driving its variability depends mainly on numerical simulations. Here, we use four ocean circulation estimates produced by different data-driven approa...

The ocean biological carbon pump (BCP) plays a pivotal role in the global carbon cycle. The BCP magnitude is determined by the fraction of nutrients utilised in biological production and remineralised at depth, with the remainder being subducted into the interior unused as ‘preformed’ nutrients. This fraction is currently around 50% and subject to...

The subpolar North Atlantic (SPNA) is a region of high anthropogenic CO2 (Cant) storage per unit area. Although the average Cant distribution is well documented in this region, the Cant pathways towards the ocean interior remain largely unresolved. We used observations from three Argo-O2 floats spanning 2013-2018 within the SPNA, combined with exis...

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a key component of the Earth's climate. However, there are few long series of observations of the AMOC and the study of the mechanisms driving its variability depends mainly on numerical simulations. Here, we use four ocean circulation estimates produced by different data-driven approaches o...

The North Atlantic Basin is a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) due in part to the extensive plankton blooms which form there supported by nutrients supplied by the three‐dimensional ocean circulation. Hence, changes in ocean circulation and/or stratification may influence primary production and biological carbon export. In this study...

The oceanic uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by human activities alters the seawater carbonate system. Here, the chemical status of the Northeast Atlantic is examined by means of a high-quality database of carbon variables based on the GO-SHIP A25 section (1997-2018). The increase of atmospheric CO2 leads to an increase in ocean a...

The GEOVIDE cruise, a collaborative project within the framework of the international GEOTRACES programme, was conducted along the French-led section in the North Atlantic Ocean (Section GA01), between 15 May and 30 June 2014. In this special issue (https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/special_issue900.html), results from GEOVIDE, including physical...

The GEOVIDE cruise, a collaborative project within the framework of the international GEOTRACES programme, was conducted along the French-led section in the North Atlantic Ocean (Section GA01), between 15 May and 30 June 2014. In this Special Issue, results from GEOVIDE, including physical oceanography and trace element and isotope cyclings, are pr...

Climatology-based storage rate of anthropogenic CO2 (Cant, referred to year 2000) in the North-East Atlantic (53 ± 9 kmol s-1, 0.020 ± 0.003 Pg-C yr-1) is described on annual mean terms. Cant advection (32 ± 14 kmol s-1) occurs mostly in the upper 1800 m and contributes to 60% of the Cant storage rate. The Azores and Portugal Currents act as ‘Cant...

Repeated hydrographic sections provide critically needed data on and understanding of changes in basin-wide ocean CO2 chemistry over multi-decadal timescales. Here, high-quality measurements collected at twelve cruises carried out along the same track between 1991 and 2015 have been used to determine long-term changes in ocean CO2 chemistry and oce...

Repeated hydrographic sections provide critically needed data on, and understanding of, changes in basin-wide ocean CO2 chemistry over multi-decadal timescales. Here, high-quality measurements collected at thirteen cruises carried out along the same track between 1981 and 2015, have been used to determine long-term changes in ocean CO2 chemistry an...

http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/oceans/CLIVAR/CAIBOX_2009/. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

To study the effects of the physical environment on carbon and nutrients cycles dynamics in the north eastern shelf of the Gulf of Cádiz, changes in currents, tides, salinity, temperature, carbon system parameters (fugacity of CO2 (fCO2), dissolved organic carbon, dissolved inorganic carbon and pH) and others related (dissolved oxygen, total dissol...

The Ovide (Observatoire de la Variabilité Interannuelle à DEcennale) project has consisted on repeated trans-oceanic hydrographic section from Greenland to Portugal every other year (from 2002 to 2010). This project is part of the CLIVAR (Climate Variability and Predictability) and CARBOOCEAN international programs, both focused on ocean climate va...

The carbon system in the water masses of the Iberian basin (North Atlantic Ocean) has been affected over the last two decades by the raise of the anthropogenic CO2 (Cant). In order to study the storage of Cant in the Iberian basin, the variables of the carbonic system were measured among others [i.e., pH, total inorganic carbon (CT) and total alkal...

The CAIBOX cruise was conducted from 25 July to 14 August 2009. Three consecutive transects (zonal, meridional, and transverse) formed a closed box to the west of the Strait of Gibraltar. This study aimed to analyze the thermohaline properties, volume transports, and water mass distributions (percentages) along the meridional section (30-41.5° N, 2...

The carbon system in the water masses of the Iberian Basin (North Atlantic Ocean) has been affected over the last two decades by the increase in anthropogenic CO2 (Cant). In order to study the storage of Cant in the Iberian Basin, variables of the carbonic system (i.e., pH, total inorganic carbon, and total alkalinity), among others, were measured...

To study the short-term effects of the physical environment on carbon cycle dynamics in the north eastern shelf of the Gulf of Cádiz, changes in currents, tides, salinity, temperature, fugacity of CO2 (fCO2)and dissolved oxygen were observed in a series of high resolution measurements. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of...

Four-year time series of observations in Espartel sill at the western part of the Strait of Gibraltar have been analyzed in order to investigate the variability of the Mediterranean outflow. It is assumed that the observed variability comes from the changing properties of the dense waters that are located at the maximum depth from where they can be...

A 60-year long time series of heat fluxes (long and short wave radiation, sensible and latent contributions) from NCEP reanalysis dataset and a 22-year long time series of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) from JPL AVHRR Oceans Pathfinder dataset have been combined to study the seasonal and interannual variability of air-sea heat exchanges over the Med...

Altimetry measurements over the Ionian region and tide gauge records along the southern Italian coasts have been combined to present a new insight on the decreasing trend over the Ionian basin in the last decades. The historically reported decreasing trend should be better understood as an abrupt sea level drop in 1998 probably linked to changes in...

Three-year long time series of Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler observations, at a single station in Espartel Sill (Strait of Gibraltar), have been used to compute a mean outflow of Q2 = - 0.82 Sv through the south, main channel of the westernmost gateway for the Mediterranean Water. The most intense fluctuation of this flow is at semi-diurnal fre...