li Yan

• Wuhan University of Technology

An event refers to an occurrence that occurs at a specific place, time, event type and has a significant impact on our society or nature. Uncertain event knowledge also exists widely in the real world. Knowledge graph uses a resource description framework to describe deterministic and static knowledge in the real world. And knowledge graph embeddin...

Background The standardized extract of milk thistle seeds, known as silibinin, has been utilized in herbal medicine for over two centuries, with the aim of safeguarding the liver against the deleterious effects of various toxic substances. However, the role of silibinin in Particulate Matter (PM2.5)-induced intrahepatic triglyceride accumulation re...

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the use of photosensitizers, oxygen, and light to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for the effective destruction of cancer cells or bacteria. However, in biofilm bacterial infections, the presence of hypoxia significantly reduces the efficacy of PDT. To address this issue, we have developed a synergistic ap...

Introduction Angong Niuhuang Wan (AGNHW), developed during the Qing dynasty (18th century) for the treatment of consciousness disturbances caused by severe infections, has been used to treat brain edema caused by ischemia‒reperfusion. However, it remains unclear whether AGNHW can ameliorate vascular-origin brain edema caused by lipopolysaccharides...

The proliferation of uncertain spatiotemporal data has led to an increasing demand for fuzzy spatiotemporal knowledge modeling in various applications. However, performing multi-hop query modeling on incomplete fuzzy spatiotemporal knowledge graphs (KGs) poses significant challenges. Recently, embedding-based multi-hop KG querying approaches have g...

Existing event extraction methods independently identify and classify each argument role separately, ignoring the interdependence between different parameter roles. Further, these methods rely on simple vectors to represent word embeddings. By embedding explicit syntactic constraints in the attention mechanism, we address these shortcomings by usin...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: The prevalence of colitis is on the rise, and effective treatment options are currently lacking. Xihuang pill (XHP) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula mentioned in the "Volume 4 of Surgical Evidence and Treatment of the Whole Life" authored by the renowned doctor Hong-Xu Wang during the Qing Dynasty. It is no...

The Resource Description Framework and RDF Schema recommended by the World Wide Web Consortium provide a flexible model for semantically representing information about resources on the Web, which are playing an increasingly important role in intelligent processing of large-scale data. With the widespread acceptance and applications of RDF(S), const...

RDF (Resource Description Framework), a standard resource description model, is popularized and applied in many application scenarios for its explicit representation of semantics. To represent and process time-aware semantics with RDF, the temporal RDF model is proposed and applied in temporal knowledge graphs. The requirement for efficiently handl...

With the enrichment of the RDF (resource description framework), integrating diverse data sources may result in RDF data duplication. Failure to effectively detect the duplicates brings redundancies into the integrated RDF datasets. This not only increases unnecessarily the size of the datasets, but also reduces the dataset quality. Traditionally a...

The research on temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) has received increasing attention. Since knowledge graphs are always incomplete, knowledge reasoning problems are crucial. However, knowledge reasoning is challenging due to the temporal evolution of TKGs. Yet, most existing approaches focus on knowledge graph inference within past timestamps and can...

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) use Resource Description Framework (RDF) triples to model various crisp and static resources in the world. Meanwhile, knowledge embedded into vector space can imply more meanings. Much real-world information, however, is often uncertain and dynamic. Existing knowledge graph embedding (KGE) models are insufficient to deal with...

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays an irreplaceable role in protecting the central nervous system (CNS) from bloodborne pathogens. However, the BBB complicates the treatment of CNS diseases because it prevents almost all therapeutic drugs from getting into the CNS. With the growing understanding of the physiological characteristics of the BBB and...

Knowledge graph (KG) completion aims to infer new facts from incomplete knowledge graphs. Most existing solutions focus on learning from time-aware fact triples and ignore the spatial information. In reality, knowledge graphs can evolve with time as well as the changing locations, such as the flight domain. Therefore, integrating spatiotemporal inf...

Background: Chronic stress-induced diarrhea is a common clinical condition, characterized by an abnormal bowel movement and loose stools, which lacks effective treatment in the clinic. Si-Ni-San (SNS) is a compound traditional Chinese medicine extensively used in China for stress-related diarrhea. However, the mechanism is unclear. Methods: Male Wi...

Background : Stent implantation has been increasingly applied for the treatment of obstructive coronary artery disease, which, albeit effective, often harasses patients by in-stent restenosis (ISR). Purpose : The present study was to explore the role of compound Chinese medicine Cardiotonic Pills® (CP) in attenuating ISR-evoked myocardial injury a...

Purpose: Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and it is characterized by cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. However, effective treatments are not available to block cardiac fibrosis after cardiac hypertrophy. The QiShenYiQi pill (QSYQ) is an effective treatment for chronic HF. However, the underlying mechanism...

Background: Yu-ping-feng powder (YPF) is a compound traditional Chinese medicine extensively used in China for respiratory diseases. However, the role of YPF in alveolar-capillary barrier dysfunction remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the effect and potential mechanism of YPF on alveolar-capillary barrier injury induced by exhausted exerc...

As a ubiquitous form of data in the natural world, time has been widely used in many domains such as the military, finance, medical treatment, and environment. Temporal data models that are used to model the dynamic development process of data are constantly proposed, such as temporal database and temporal XML. With the rapid development and popula...

Influence maximization has attracted significant attention with the aim to find k individuals that can eventually maximize the influence individuals. The diverse applications include viral marketing, career prediction, and much more. In the classic influence maximization problem, most literature considers the dynamic of relationships between users...

The Resource Description Framework (RDF) has been widely applied to represent and exchange domain information because of its machine-readable characteristic. With a huge amount of RDF data available, retrieving RDF data is essential, so that many RDF query approaches have been developed. But many traditional approaches generally require users to kn...

Background Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) causes damage to coronary capillary endothelial barrier and microvascular leakage (MVL), aggravating tissue injury and heart dysfunction. However, the effective strategy for protecting endothelium barrier of cardiac vasculature remains limited. Purpose This study aimed to explore the effect of Astra...

The number of cases of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has been exponentially rising over the last decade. This issue is getting worse as the research and development of new antibiotics is much slower than the speed of pathogenic bacteria acquiring resistance to antibiotic treatment. To fight against antibacterial resistance, new therapeutic st...

Antibiotic Therapy In article number 2101546, Nicolas H. Voelcker, Xianfeng Chen, and co‐workers review biosensing platforms conferring high detection sensitivity and specificity, evaluating the benefits and drawbacks, discuss the factors influencing their potential as point‐of‐care devices, and provide insights on their translation into commercial...

Traditional named entity recognition (NER) methods derived from deep learning (DL) often ignore the long-distance syntactic dependence relationships between words. In such methods, the representation of Chinese word vectors is too simple to solve the problem of polysemy. To address these shortcomings, this paper proposes a syntactic dependency guid...

Uncertainty extensively exists in data and knowledge intensive applications, in which fuzzy information processing plays a crucial role. Fuzzy sets have been extensively used to enhance various database models for managing fuzzy data or flexibly querying crisp data. This has resulted in numerous contributions in this research area. This paper pays...

Background: Thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) remains the only approved drug therapy for acute ischemic stroke. However, delayed tPA treatment is associated with an increased risk of brain hemorrhage. In this study, we assessed whether QiShenYiQi (QSYQ), a compound Chinese medicine, can attenuate tPA-induced brain edema and hemor...

Aims: Coronary microvascular hyperpermeability is an important contributor to ischemia or reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the effective strategy for this insult remains limited. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of the compound Chinese medicine QiShenYiQi Pills (QSYQ) against coronary microvascular hyperpermeability after cardiac...

Social network analysis is a fundamental problem inherent in various applications, which can be handled mainly based on a graph model given in advance. However, it is generally ignored in most existing studies that the social networks may only contain users and no users' connections are explicitly available. Then the connections between users play...

Aim 3,4-Dihydroxyl-phenyl lactic acid (DLA) and notoginsenoside R1 (R1) are known to protect ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury by targeting Sirtuin1/NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 10/the Mitochondrial Complex I (Sirt-1/NDUFA10/Complex I) and Rho-associated kinase/adenosine triphosphate (ROCK/ATP) ATP synthase δ subunit (ATP...

Background T89, a traditional Chinese medicine, has passed phase II, and is undergoing phase III clinical trials for treatment of ischemic cardiovascular disease by the US FDA. However, the role of T89 on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac injury is unknown. The present study aimed to explore the effect and underlying mechanism of T89 on ISO-induc...

Data classification for distributed and heterogeneous XML data sources is always an open challenge. A considerable number of algorithms for classification of XML documents have been proposed in the literature. Yet, the existing approaches fall short in ability to classify the fuzzy XML documents. In this paper, we provide a KPCA-KELM classification...

Being a metadata model, the Resource Description Framework (RDF) has been widely used in the context of semantic extraction, unified organization and intelligent processing of a large number of data because RDF’s machine understandability. Knowledge graph based on RDF model, for example, is predominantly generated from massive data with various mod...

Aim To investigate the effects of Bushen Huatan Granules (BHG) and Kunling Wan (KW), the two Chinese medicines, on the regulation of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and their underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods PCOS rat model was established by subcutaneous injection of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (6 mg/100 g/day) for 20 days, followed...

Objective To investigate the effect of Yiqifumai injection (YQFM), a compound Chinese medicine, and its main active ingredients on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced microvascular disturbance in mesentery and ileum. Methods Rats were infused with LPS (5 mg/kg/h) for 90 min. Thirty minutes after initiation of LPS administration, YQFM (160 mg/kg/h), R...

Context The reuse of software design has been an important issue of software reuse. UML class diagrams are widely applied in software design and has become DE factor standard. As a result, the reuse of UML class diagrams has received more attention. With the increasing number of class diagrams stored in reuse repository, their retrieval becomes a t...

In software reuse, the reuse of UML class diagram produced in design phase has received more attention due to the important influence on the following developing process. The reuse is based on similarity. The similarity between class diagrams contains semantic and structural aspects. The existing works focus on semantic similarity, while the struct...

Influence maximization is a fundamental problem, which is aimed to specify a small number of individuals as seed set to influence the largest number of individuals under a certain influence cascade model. Most existing works on influence maximization may have either high effectiveness or good efficiency,which can not balance both the effectiveness...

Fuzzy information extensively exists in data and knowledge intensive applications, where fuzzy data play an import role in nature. Fuzzy set theory has been extensively applied to extend various database models and resulted in numerous contributions. On the other hand, XML (eXtensible Markup Language) has been the de facto standard. XML and related...

How to determine topological relationship is one of the most important operations on fuzzy spatiotemporal data. The proposed strategies impose strict restrictions on structure and data types of fuzzy spatiotemporal data, and fall short in their abilities to handle fuzzy attributes extension and fuzzy time extension. To overcome these limitations, w...

Since increasingly requirements of spatiotemporal applications, it is challenging to model spatiotemporal data and effectively operate and query them. However, various researches are studied in traditional database, and relatively little work has been carried out in modeling and operating fuzzy spatiotemporal data in XML. In this chapter, a novel a...

Researches on spatiotemporal data based on XML has received increasing attention due to that XML has a lot of advantages such as extensibility and flexibility. Although XML has been employed to model and handle spatiotemporal data, relatively little work has been carried out to further investigate the consistencies of spatiotemporal data, especiall...

How to accurately handle query criteria based on user’s preferences has become a key technology for querying fuzzy spatiotemporal data, typically collected by modern monitoring devices such as GPS receivers and sensors. However, although fuzzy logic is incorporated in querying fuzzy spatiotemporal data and querying fuzzy data in XML, relatively lit...

A considerable amount of spatiotemporal data emerges in various spatiotemporal applications. Since much spatiotemporal data is usually fuzzy in the real-world applications because their values are subjective to real applications, the requirement of managing fuzzy spatiotemporal data has attracted much attention both from academia and industry. The...

Since XML could benefit greatly from database support and more specifically from relational database systems, we study the methodology of modeling fuzzy spatiotemporal data in XML and relational database, respectively. Furthermore, the approaches of transforming fuzzy spatiotemporal data between XML and relational databases have been proposed as we...

With the rapid development of spatiotemporal information and application, how to manage the spatiotemporal data is increasingly important. Over the years, various spatiotemporal data models, including raster-based spatiotemporal data models (sequent snapshots model and discrete gridding list model), vector-based spatiotemporal data models (base sta...

The Resource Description Framework (RDF) and RDF Schema (RDFS) recommended by World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) have been used for meta‐data management on the Web. With the rapid development of Web‐based applications, the growth of RDF(S) data is increasing dramatically. In the context of open Web, uncertainty naturally arises in RDF and RDFS (RDF(S)...

This book offers in-depth insights into the rapidly growing topic of technologies and approaches to modeling fuzzy spatiotemporal data with XML. The topics covered include representation of fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data, topological relationship determination for fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data, mapping between the fuzzy spatiotemporal relational dat...

Big Data has become the new inclusive term which describes enormous collection of datasets that are difficult to handle with traditional database and software technologies. Big Data research is dealing with variety of data that includes various formats, specifically semi-structured, unstructured data. In the context of Big Data processing, current...

Objective: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) causes microvascular dysfunction, which is a key episode in the pathogenesis of endotoxemia. This work aimed to investigate the effect of Qing-Ying-Tang (QYT), a compound Chinese medicine in cerebral microcirculation disturbance and brain damage induced by LPS. Methods: Male C57/BL6 mice were continuously transfu...

Time data can be found in various real-world applications and different models have been proposed to model temporal information. With the wide utilization of the Web and the availability of massive Web resources, temporal Resource Description Framework (RDF) model has attracted more and more attention. In this paper, we propose an index approach fo...

Objective The purpose of the study was to explore the effect of YangXue QingNao Wan (YXQNW), a compound Chinese medicine, on cerebrovascular hyperpermeability, neuronal injury, and related mechanisms in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Methods Fourteen-week-old male SHR were used, with Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats as control. YXQNW (0.5 g/kg/day),...

eXtensible Markup Language (XML) has been the de facto standard of data representation and exchange over the Web. In addition, imprecise and uncertain data are inherent in the real world. Although fuzzy data have been extensively investigated in the context of the relational model, the classical relational database model and its fuzzy extension to...

The Resource Description Framework (RDF) and RDF Schema (RDFS), being a recommendation of World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), have been widely used to exchange and reason information about resources on the web. It is a common case that information about resources may be uncertain under an environment of open web. To deal with uncertainties in resource...

Objective: To investigate the effects of Bushen Tiaoxue Granules (BTG) and Kunling Wan (KW), the two Chinese medicines, on vascular dysfunction and the impairment of endometrial receptivity caused by controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) and its underlying mechanism. Methods: Female Sprague-Dwaley rats with regular estrous cycle were enrolle...

JSON is a simple, compact and light weighted data exchange format to communicate between web services and client applications. NoSQL document stores evolve with the popularity of JSON, which can support JSON schema-less storage, reduce cost, and facilitate quick development. However, NoSQL still lacks standard query language and supports eventually...

Being a standard of the Object Management Group (OMG), the Unified Modeling Language (UML) has been applied to diverse domains. UML class diagram model is a conceptual data model and has been widely used for database design and information modeling. Information in real-world applications is often uncertain. To model and deal with uncertain data, va...

Uncertain data extensively exists in many real-world applications. And uncertain data modeling has been investigated in various database models. This has resulted in numerous contributions. Actually, uncertainty in data has devise semantics, mainly including objective uncertainty and subjective uncertainty. Different types of uncertainty may occur...

Objective Yiqifumai injection (YQFM) is a compound Chinese medicine used to treat microcirculatory disturbances‐related diseases clinically. Our previous study proved that YQFM pretreatment inhibited LPS‐induced venular albumin leakage in rat mesentery. This study aimed to investigate whether YQFM attenuated cerebral microvascular hyperpermeability...

Background: Combined focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and MEK inhibition may provide greater anticancer effect than FAK monotherapy. Methods: This dose-finding phase Ib study (adaptive 3 + 3 design) determined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of trametinib and the FAK inhibitor GSK2256098 in combination. Eligible patients had mesothelioma or other so...

Subgraph pattern matching is important for a wide variety of applications such as social network analysis and knowledge discovery. Despite extensive research over the past few decades, subgraph pattern matching is still challenging, especially when it comes with new conditions and constraints. In this paper, we tackle the problem of answering queri...

Fuzzy spatio‐temporal knowledge is required in a wide range of application fields, including GIS, spatio‐temporal database, and artificial intelligence. Ontology, as a formal method of knowledge representation, plays a key role in the Semantic Web. Therefore, how to extend ontologies to represent fuzzy spatio‐temporal knowledge needs to be solved....

Vagueness (or imprecision) naturally arises in real‐world Resource Description Framework (RDF) data. The way we query RDF data is a crucial subject because of the vagueness and the wide connectivity of such data. Fuzzy quantified queries have been studied over several types of data and allow to sum up large volumes of data in a very intuitive manne...

The resource description framework (RDF) is a model for representing information resources on the web. With the widespread acceptance of RDF as the de-facto standard recommended by W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) for the representation and exchange of information on the web, a huge amount of RDF data is being proliferated and becoming available. So...

The World Wide Web is a bunch of interlinked documents full of information and knowledge where people search sources to interpret relevant information. As the modern web is becoming more interactive and data-centric, it is necessary to focus on how to exchange data efficiently, easily, and quickly. There are several ways to exchange data among web...

In real applications, there are many domains that are full of uncertainty. As the resource description language of the Semantic Web, vagueness RDF data are playing an increasingly important role. And efficient querying of fuzzy RDF data is therefore of increasing importance. In this paper, we firstly introduce practical extensions of the RDF model...

Cardiac ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury remains a challenge for clinicians. Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) has been reported to have the ability to attenuate I/R injury, but its effect on energy metabolism during cardiac I/R and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. In this study, we detected the effect of Rb1 on rat myocardial blood flow, myocardi...

Keyword searches based on the keywords-to-SPARQL translation is attracting more attention because of a growing number of excellent SPARQL search engines. Current approaches for keyword search based on the keywords-to-SPARQL translation suffer from returning incomplete answers or wrong answers due to a lack of underlying schema information. To overc...

Background and Purpose— tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) is the only recommended intravenous thrombolytic agent for ischemic stroke. However, its application is limited because of increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation beyond the time window. T541 is a Chinese compound medicine with potential to attenuate ischemia and reperfusion injur...

The transplanted liver inevitably suffers from ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury, which represents a key issue in clinical transplantation determining early outcome and long-term graft survival. A solution is needed to deal with this insult. This study was undertaken to explore the effect of Caffeic acid (CA), a naturally occurring antioxidant, on...

Objective: Acute lung injury is a severe clinic condition with limited therapeutic approaches. This study evaluated whether schisandrin (Sch), an ingredient of Schisandra chinensis, has preventive effects on endothelium and epithelium injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Male Wistar rats were continuous...

The purpose of the study was to explore the effect and the underlying mechanism of YangXue QingNao Wan (YXQNW) and Silibinin Capsules (SC), the two Chinese medicines, on cognitive impairment in older people with familial hyperlipidaemia. Fourteen month-old female LDLR (+/-) golden Syrian hamsters were used with their wild type as control. YXQNW (0....

Background: GSK2256098 is a novel oral focal adhesion kinase inhibitor. Preclinical studies demonstrate growth inhibition in glioblastoma cell lines. However, rodent studies indicate limited blood-brain barrier penetration. In this expansion cohort within a phase I study, the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and clinical activity of GSK22560...

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely correlated with cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative disease. Bushen Huoxue (BSHX) is a compound Chinese medicine used clinically to treat diabetes-induced cognitive impairment. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, KKAy mice, a genetic model of type 2 diabetes with...

Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) and Sirtuin3 (Sirt3) are known to participate in regulating mitochondrial function. However, whether Total Salvianolic Acid Injection (TSI) protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through regulating Sirt1, Sirt3, and mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the...

Ischemic heart diseases remain a challenge for clinicians. QiShenYiQi pills® (QSYQ) has been reported to be curative during coronary heart diseases with modulation of energy metabolism as one of the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we detected the effect of QSYQ and its components on rat myocardial structure, mitochondrial respiratory chain co...

Background: Gualou Xiebai Decoction (GLXB) is a classic prescription of Chinese medicine used for the treatment of cardiac problems. The present study was designed to explore the effect and mechanism of GLXB on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced disorders in myocardial structure and function, focusing on the regulation of energy metabolism and the...

The full-length representative western blotting bands of ATP5D and GAPDH in different groups as shown with indication of molecular size. The samples derived from the same experiment and gels were processed in parallel. Selected fractions of bands used in the main text were framed as shown in the figure.

The full-length representative western blotting bands of ROCK, RhoA and GAPDH in different groups as shown with indication of molecular size. The samples derived from the same experiment and gels were processed in parallel. Selected fractions of bands used in the main text were framed as shown in the figure.

Background The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect and mechanisms of ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) against heart ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury, with focusing on energy metabolism. Methods and results Male Sprague‐Dawley rats were subjected to 30 min occlusion of left coronary anterior descending artery followed by reperfusi...

The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a flexible model for representing information about resources on the Web. As a World Wide Web Consortium recommendation, RDF has rapidly gained popularity. With the widespread acceptance of RDF on the Web and in the enterprise, a huge amount of RDF data is being proliferated and becoming available. In rea...

As a major ingredient of Radix ginseng, ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) has been increasingly recognized to benefit the heart condition, however, the rationale behind the role is not fully understood. In vitro study in H9c2 cardiomyocytes has shown the potential of Rg1 to increase ATP content in the cells. We thus speculated that the protective effect of Rg1...

Nephrotoxicity is a serious adverse effect of cisplatin chemotherapy that limits its clinical application, to deal with which no effective management is available so far. The present study was to investigate the potential protective effect of QiShenYiQi Pills (QSYQ), a compound Chinese medicine, against cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in mice. Pre...

Frequent and drastic ambient temperature variation may cause respiratory diseases such as common cold and pneumonia, the mechanism for which is not fully understood, however, due to lack of appropriate animal models. Ma-Huang-Tang (MHT) is widely used in China for treatment of respiratory diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the effect...

The Resource Description Framework (RDF), a language proposed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), is a flexible model for representing information about resources on the Web and has been applied in many application areas. At the same time, information is often imprecise and uncertain in many real-world applications. The existing works of RDF fa...

Layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles have been widely used for various biomedical applications. However, because of the difficulty of surface functionalization of LDH nanoparticles, the systemic administration of these nanomaterials for in vivo therapy remains a bottleneck. In this work, we develop a novel type of aqueous dispersible two di...