Li Ding

Qualcomm · HIT

We describe our semantically-enabled approach to integrate, visualize, and explore health data. The project was conducted in a trans-disciplinary setting with population and behavioral scientists, social network scientists, data analysts, and computer scientists focused on making complex health-related data available, accessible, and understandable...

With the increasing complexity of hydrologic problems, data collection and data analysis are often carried out in distributed heterogeneous systems. Therefore it is critical for users to determine the origin of data and its trustworthiness. Provenance describes the information life cycle of data products. It has been recognised as one of the most p...

We present a novel ensemble architecture for learning problem-solving techniques from a very small number of expert solutions and demonstrate its effectiveness in a complex real-world domain. The key feature of our “Generalized Integrated Learning Architecture” (GILA) is a set of heterogeneous independent learning and reasoning (ILR) components, co...

In order to improve government transparency and promote interagency coordination, interagency networks have been investigated by social science researchers using data collected using traditional manual mechanisms such as interview and survey. In this paper, we show that World Wide Web (WWW) and Linked Open Data (LOD) can be used to automatically ge...

Government data covers authoritative and valuable information about our society. Public access to government data, however, remains challenging largely due to the heterogeneity and complexity of the public information ecosystem which results in high costs for locating, decoding, inter-linking and reusing existing government data. Recently, linked d...

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence was pleased to present the 2011 Fall Symposium Series, held Friday through Sunday, November 4–6, at the Westin Arlington Gateway in Arlington, Virginia. The titles of the seven symposia are as follows: (1) Advances in Cognitive Systems; (2) Building Representations of Common Ground with...

We describe an approach to developing next generation health information portals. This prototype portal was developed to address two complementary goals (1) design and create a site where people can explore potential relationships between selected health-related behaviors, policies, and demographic data (2) explore semantic web technologies and lin...

The need for flexible, extensible environmental monitoring is increasing. We are investigating semantically-enabled approaches that can support dynamic environmental informatics portals. We leverage open data from multiple sources and use semantic tools to consume, integrate, analyze, and present environmental data. Our demonstration domain is in w...

UMBCTAC is one of the top ranking agents in the 3rd International Trading Agent Competition (TAC). A TAC game has multiple auctions running on different but interrelated resources simultaneously, and 8 trading agents will compete with each other for optimal result – making maximum profit. The spirit of simplicity and balance is used as a guideline...

We present a semantic technology-based approach to emerging monitoring systems based on our linked data approach in the Tetherless World Constellation Semantic Ecology and Environment Portal (SemantEco). Our integration scheme uses an upper level monitoring ontology and mid-level monitoring-relevant domain ontologies. The initial domain ontologies...

Sustainability science has been viewed as a new discipline which focuses on the complex interactions between nature and society. It demands intensive integration of data from different sources within different domains. Governments collect and generate huge amounts of scientific data and thus are in a unique position to support sustainability resear...

The TWC International Open Government Dataset Catalog (IOGDC) integrates a diverse selection of more than 70 government dataset catalogs from around the world. IOGDC demonstrates a practical dataset catalog metadata model for integrating diverse dataset catalogs collected from the real world and linking those catalogs into Linked Data Cloud. IOGDC'...

International open government initiatives are releasing an increasing volume of raw government datasets directly to citizens via the Web. The transparency resulting from these releases not only creates new application opportunities but also imposes new burdens inherent to large-scale distributed data integration, collaborative data manipulation and...

Finding how the Semantic Web has evolved can help understand the status of Semantic Web community and predict the diffusion of the Semantic Web. One of the promising applications of the Semantic Web is the representation of personal profiles using Friend of a Friend (FOAF). A key characteristic of such social networks is their continual change. How...

The Third Provenance Challenge (PC3) offered an opportunity for provenance researchers to evaluate the interoperability of leading provenance models with special emphasis on importing and querying workflow traces generated by others. We investigated interoperability issues related to reusing Open Provenance Model (OPM)-based workflow traces. We com...

As open government initiatives around the world publish an increasing number of raw datasets, citizens and communities face daunting challenges when organizing, understanding, and associating disparate data related to their interests. Immediate and incremental solutions are needed to integrate, collaboratively manipulate, and transparently consume...

Governments around the world have been releasing raw data to their citizens at an increased pace. The mixing and linking of these datasets by a community of users enhances their value and makes new insights possible. The use of mashups — digital works in which data from one or more sources is combined and presented in innovative ways — is a great w...

One current challenge in linked science is to adequately de-scribe where a piece of information in the linked science cloud came from. Provenance models, such as Proof Markup Language (PML), have developed methods for expressing simple relationships between informa-tion and the sources of information. We argue that the representation of where infor...

We describe our semantically-enabled approach to integrate, visualize, and explore health data. The project was conducted in a trans-disciplinary setting with population and behavioral scientists, social network scientists, data analysts, and computer scientists focused on making complex health-related data available, accessible, and understandable...

This presentation will describe the development and implementation of the National Cancer Institute’s Consumer Health Portal (CHP), a web site addressing the Federal Government’s mandate to increase public access to high value data (data.gov). Designed to present complex, evidence-based population health data primarily for consumers, but also appli...

Millions of owl:sameAs statements have been published on the Web of Data. Due to its unique role and heavy usage in Linked Data integration, owl:sameAs has become a topic of increasing interest and debate. This paper provides a quantitative analysis of owl:sameAs deployment status and uses these statistics to focus discussion around its usage in Li...

We discuss a translation of financial reports from the XBRL format into the Semantic Web language OWL. Different from existing approaches that do structural translation from XBRL’s XML schema into OWL, our approach can faithfully preserve the implicit semantics in XBRL and enable the logic model of financial reports. We show that such a translation...

The Accountability In RDF (AIR) language is an N3-based, Semantic Web production rule language that supports nested activation of rules, negation, closed world reasoning, scoped contextualized reasoning, and explanation of inferred facts. Each AIR rule has unique identifier (typically an HTTP URI) that supports reuse of rule. In this paper we analy...

We aim to improve accountability of distributed data usage by creating tools to support collaborative online development of scenarios and policy infrastructure. This paper reports on our design and development of a simple adaptive semantic wiki-based testbed and describes its usage in privacy protection scenarios.

One of the main shortcomings of Semantic Web technologies is that there are few user-friendly ways for displaying, browsing and querying semantic data. In fact, the lack of effective interfaces for end users significantly hinders further adoption of the Semantic Web. In this paper, we propose the Semantic Web Portal (SWP) as a light-weight platform...

As more data (especially scientific data) is digitized and put on the Web, it is desirable to make provenance metadata easy to access, reuse, integrate and reason over. Ontologies can be used to encode expectations and agreements concerning provenance metadata representation and computation. This paper analyzes a selection of popular Semantic Web p...

The Open Government Directive is making US government data available via websites such as Data.gov for public access. In this paper, we present a Semantic Web based approach that incrementally generates Linked Government Data (LGD) for the US government. In focusing on the tradeoff between high quality LGD generation (requiring non-trivial human ex...

Data.gov is a website that provides US Government data to the general public to ensure better accountability and transparency. Our recent work on the Data-gov Wiki, which attempts to integrate the datasets published at Data.gov into the Linking Open Data (LOD) cloud (yielding ”linked government data”), has produced 5 billion triples covering a rang...

In this chapter, we introduce the concept of explanation for Semantic Web applications by providing motivation, description, and examples. We describe the Inference Web explanation toolkit that provides support for a broad range of explanation tasks ranging from explaining deductive reasoning, to information extraction, to hybrid integrated learnin...

Wikis are a well-known Web 2.0 content management platform. The recent introduction of semantic wikis extends the capabilities of conventional wikis by allowing users to edit and query structured semantic annotations (e.g., categories and typed links) rather than plain wiki text. This new feature, as shown in this paper, supports the provision of a...

Semantic MediaWiki (SMW) is a popular semantic wiki engine that enables collective knowledge modeling within the expressivity of a small subset of OWL. However, SMW is limited in offering native support for modeling rules. In this paper, we show that by using templates and semantic queries provided by SMW, it is possible to model several types of r...

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, in cooperation with Stanford University's Department of Computer Science, was pleased to present the 2009 Spring Symposium Series, held Monday through Wednesday, March 23–25, 2009 at Stanford University. The titles of the nine symposia were Agents that Learn from Human Teachers, Benchm...

We present our work to date on applying knowledge provenance representations (Proof Markup Language; PML) and tools (Inference Web;IW and ProbeIt!) within data pipelines for solar physics instruments operated at the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory in Hawaii. We now have experience with our initial infrastructure artifacts (PML files) that can be search...

AIR is a Semantic Web rule language that supports customizable explanations for policy decisions. Each AIR policy, represented as a collection of production rules, can be used to check transaction logs that record data manipulation activities. The checking results include (i) asserted policy decision statements, i.e. which certain log entry is "com...

Effective revision tracking is important to maintain and use Semantic Web data for both publishers and readers. Information related to revisions in this setting often contains basic context information, semantic difference summary, and rationale summary. In this work, we present a general architecture for modeling and publishing revision history of...

As semantic Web technologies are increasingly used to empower knowledge management systems (KMSs), there is a growing need for mechanisms and automated tools for checking content generated by semantic-web tools. The content in a KMS includes both the knowledge management (KM) schema and the data contained within. KM schemas can be viewed as ontolog...

In this paper, we describe how a semantic web-based provenance Interlingua called the Proof Markup Language (PML) has been used to encode workflow provenance in a variety of diverse application areas. We highlight some usability and interoperability challenges that arose in the application areas and show how PML was used in the solutions.

The Data-gov Wiki is the delivery site for a project where we investigate the role of linked data in producing, processing and utilizing the government datasets found on data.gov. The project has generated over 2 billion triples from government data and a few interesting applications covering data access, visualization, integration, linking and ana...

In this chapter, we introduce the concept of explanation for Semantic Web applications by providing motivation, description, and examples. We describe the Inference Web explanation toolkit that provides support for a broad range of explanation tasks ranging from explaining deductive reasoning, to information extraction, to hybrid integrated learnin...

In this chapter, we introduce the concept of explanation for Semantic Web applications by providing motivation, description, and examples. We describe the Inference Web explanation toolkit that provides support for a broad range of explanation tasks ranging from explaining deductive reasoning, to information extraction, to hybrid integrated learnin...

Collaborative online environments with a technical Wiki infrastructure are becoming more widespread. One of the strengths of a Wiki environment is that it is relatively easy for numerous users to contribute original content and modify existing content (potentially originally generated by others). As more users begin to depend on informational conte...

Recognizing the increased need for knowledge provenance in interdisciplinary eScience efforts, we have begun an effort to enhance a real-world data production pipeline and the resulting data services with semantic provenance. This work designing and implementing in an existing fielded virtual observatory setting has allowed us to collect key proven...

The Inference Web infrastructure for web explanations to- gether with its underlying Proof Markup Language (PML) for encod- ing justification and provenance information has been used in multiple projects varying from explaining the behavior of cognitive agents to ex- plaining how knowledge is extracted from multiple sources of information in natura...

In this article, we demonstrate the applicability of semantic techniques for detection of Conflict of Interest (COI). We explain the common challenges involved in building scalable Semantic Web applications, in particular those addressing connecting-the-dots problems. We describe in detail the challenges involved in two important aspects on buildin...

Semantic wikis extend conventional wikis, which allow users to collaboratively generate data, through semantic web technologies. This allows wiki-based information to be annotated with metadata for facilitating automated search, querying, propagation and inference. Se- mantic wikis have recently attained wide adoption and, with this, formal researc...

In this demo, we show that semantic wiki together with semantic template and parser functions can offer surprisingly strong modeling ability. We show several such modeling scenarios including relational modeling, object-oriented modeling, and rules. It is proposed that semantic wiki can be used as a platform for fast semantic web application develo...

This paper describes the translation of proofs in the Thou- sands of Solutions from Theorem Provers (TSTP) solution library to the Proof Markup Language (PML), and the subsequent use of Inference Web (IW) tools to provide new presentations of the proofs. The trans- lation enriches the TSTP proofs with proof provenance meta-data, and provides new po...

Many emerging semantic web applications include ontologies from one set of authors and instance data fromanother (oftenmuch larger) set of authors. Often ontologies are reused and instance data is inte- grated in manners unanticipated by their authors. Not surprisingly, many instance data rich applications encounter instance data that is not compat...

We view OWL instance data evaluation as a process in which instance data is checked for conformance with application requirements. We previously identied some integrity issues raised by applications de- manding closed world reasoning. In this paper, we present a formal char- acterization of those integrity issues using autoepistemic operators, and...

ABSTRACT The Tetherless World (TW) Wine Agent extends the original Stanford Knowledge,Systems Laboratory (KSL) Wine Agent to support collective recommendations on food-wine pairings. This is done to (1) demonstrate,the advance,of Semantic Web technologies, including OWL DL reasoning, SPARQL, provenance explanation, and semantic wikis, and (2) show...

The fast-growing Web 2.0 applications promote explicit so- cial structure and explosive data on the Web, and enable the realization of social webtops, where users use web ap- plications to collaboratively organize and share online data. In this work, we show that semantic wiki technologies are suitable for building a social webtop. We also identify...

In the past five years, we have designed and evolved an interlingua for sharing explanations generated by various automated systems such as hybrid web-based question answering systems, text analytics, theorem proving, task processing, web services execution, rule engines, and machine learning components. In this paper, we present our recent major u...

The Semantic Web is well recognized as an effective infrastructure to enhance visibility of knowledge on the Web. The core of the Semantic Web is “ontology”, which is used to explicitly represent our conceptualizations. Ontology engineering in the Semantic Web is primarily supported by languages such as RDF, RDFS and OWL. This chapter discusses the...

Semantic Web languages are being used to represent, encode and ex- change semantic data in many contexts beyond the Web - in databases, multia- gent systems, mobile computing, and ad hoc networking environments. The core paradigm, however, remains what we call the Web aspect of the Semantic Web - its use by independent and distributed agents who pu...

A new model of distributed, collaborative information evolution is emerging. As exemplified in Wikipedia, online collaborative information repositories are being generated, updated, and maintained by a large and diverse commu- nity of users. Issues concerning trust arise when content is generated and updated by diverse populations. Since these info...

As collaborative repositories grow in popularity and use, issues concerning the quality and trustworthiness of information grow. Some current popular repositories contain contributions from a wide variety of users, many of which will be unknown to a potential end user. Additionally the content may change rapidly and informa- tion that was previousl...

In this paper, we describe a Semantic Web application that detects Conflict of Interest (COI) relationships among potential reviewers and authors of scientific papers. This application discovers various 'semantic associations' between the reviewers and authors in a populated ontology to determine a degree of Conflict of Interest. This ontology was...

We describe ELVIS (the Ecosystem Location Visualization and Information System), a suite of tools for constructing food webs for a given location. We express both ELVIS input and output data in OWL, thereby enabling its integration with other semantic web resources. In particular, we describe using a Triple Shop application to answer SPARQL queries...

We demonstrate an end-to-end use case of the semantic web's utility for synthesizing ecological and environmental data. ELVIS (the Ecosystem Location Visualization and Information System) is a suite of tools for constructing food webs for a given location. ELVIS functionality is exposed as a collection of web services, and all input and output data...

We describe our on -going work in using the semantic web in support of ecological informatics, and demonstrate a distributed platform for constructing end - to -end use cases. Specific ally, we describe ELVIS (the Ecosystem Location Visualization and Information System), a suite of tools for constructing food webs for a given location, and Triple S...

Most knowledge on the Web is presented as natural-language text with occasional pictures and graphics. Although it is convenient for human users to read and view, this format limits the indexing capabilities of state-of-the-art search engines because they cannot infer meaning. Thus, users share a significant burden in terms of constructing search q...

Swoogle helps software agents and knowledge engineers find Semantic Web knowledge encoded in RDF and OWL documents on the Web. Navigating such a Semantic Web on the Web is difficult due to the paucity of explicit hyperlinks beyond the namespaces in URIrefs and the few inter-document links like rdfs:seeAlso and owl:imports. In order to solve this is...