Letizia Bollini

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• PhD in Industrial Design and Multimedia Communication, Politecnico di Milano
• Professor (Full) at Free University of Bozen-Bolzano

The relationship between memory and the digital world prompts inquiries of various dimensions, to which the culture of design can contribute in identifying possible answers or even further igniting an already vibrant debate. The research initiative, titled “Digital Memories”, was specifically dedicated to exploring the realm of digital design throu...

Scientific publishing models are now showing their limits, both culturally and in terms of social impact. Digital platforms, Open Access movements and processes of democratisation of science and knowledge are viable alternatives to a standardised and inflexible system that fails to accommodate diverse or evolving modes. This positional paper uses t...

Teaching the history of a discipline is a way of gradually introducing students to a phylogenetic path that presents its foundations, relationships, and implications from its origins to the present day. In the context of the history of more practice-oriented disciplines and design in particular, editorial production is scarce. Considering the sub-s...

The paper focused on the transformational aspects of narrative and experience modalities in the field of exhibit design when intertwined with digital technologies. In particular, the convergence of blended realities provides a phygital experience, based on interaction with physicality and with digital environments, where these hybrid, interactive,...

The paper explores the evolution of interaction design and digital communication – with a focus on the phygital space and the enhancement of people experience – both from the theoretical as well as a design point of view, based on a phenomenological and critical mapping of recent and paradigmatic case studies. In doing that, it introduces, presents...

In this essay, we are interested in investigating some of the possible relations between design and digital humanities. In particular, we analyze the contribution that communication and interface design can bring to digital humanities. In a scene currently characterized by a heterogeneous set of activities and humanistic, technological, and cultura...

Starting from the idea of an alternative way of reading and interpreting the urban space and its evolution through the Farias’ concept of Graphic memory, the research project proposes the concept of typescape as a way of investigating a complex territory from a social, urban, and linguistic point of view. It is an interpretative key that allows to...

«PAD. Pages on Arts and Design» journal (V. 16, N. 24, ISSN 1972-7887). Authors: F. E. Guida, L. Bollini, V. Cristallo, M. Mariani, C.L. Remondino, P. Tamborrini, M. Borsotti, M. Mason, Y. Zhang, R. Trocchianesi, M. Wang, G. Cordin, R. Angari, M. De Chirico, G. Amoruso, M. Ciancia, E. Casadei, A. Ianniello, M. Motta, G.M. Conti, E. Rossi, V. Masell...

Since the age of Enlightenment and its goal of making knowledge accessible to everyone, thanks to that paramount work of dissemination represented by the Encyclopédie, the use of images as a means of education and transmission of knowledge has been established which, over time, it has been extensively explored and improved. With Positivism and the...

«PAD. Pages on Arts and Design» journal (V. 15, N. 23, ISSN 1972-7887). Authors: F. E. Guida, L. Bollini, A. Facchetti, S. Melis, D. Murgia, C. Ureta Marín, M. Chilet Bustamante, M. Moretti, A. Bosco, S. Gasparotto, M. Lengua, E. Scotucci, A. Vendetti, A. Andrade, L. Défayes, E. Groves, N. Henchoz, D. Ribes, M. Salzmann, A. Schneider, I. Ruggeri, G...

The paper proposes a critical reflection on the use of icons – silent images – capable of communicating functionality, interactions and emotions, within digital communication ecosystems with particular reference to the mimesis/realism dichotomy and the concept of affordance as criteria for designing and decoding the visual message.

Slow tourism is a different, more conscious, and sustainable way of travelling, often targeting places secondary to cities of art and mainstream locations but rich in lesser-known social, intangible, and cultural heritage. While digital technologies have provided tools to make cultural places, institutions and GLAMs accessible, top-down and informa...

In the last two decades, Milan has undergone profound transformations from both an urban and social perspective. The online project MilanoAttraverso, promoted by ASP Golgi Redaelli and by a network of local private and public archives and institutions, wants to give back to the community the history of Milan as the centre of a network of solidarity...

This panel wants to start a discussion about the importance of designing new ways of Contemporary Art digitization and digitalization to foster the creation of successful user experiences for its remote fruition.

Although virtually implicit since the advent of the internet, the dimension of online teaching has for the most of us long remained in the realms of the possible, failing to emerge as a practical alternative to real, face-to-face teaching. In the context of the abrupt changes occurred recently in our lives, the emergency linked to the pandemic has...

The new generations - from Millenials to generation Z - who are starting or finishing their educational training are considered digital natives. However, they are still educated by studying with traditional pedagogical approaches and tools. Besides, the pandemic emergency that forced us to distance learning, i.e. teaching on digital channels rather...

The privileged key to reading an urban territory has traditionally been cartography. The form "map", in fact, tries to return, two-dimensionally and with a more or less abstract language, the complexity of our perceived and interacted in space, through our physicality. In this process of abstraction many of our visceral abilities must be distilled...

Visual communication has always been one of the primary forms of human expression and the re-evolution of its languages deeply marked and witnessed the world history. Moreover, since the digital era, we are leaving in between two phenomena: the so-called société du spectacle directly relying on images as social representation and the ‘information s...

The economic globalization and the worldwide connections enabled by the net have had a huge impact on the relationship between communities related to a territory. These phenomena are also the context in which other forms of aggregation – fluid and fast have been born, brought together by interests and cooperative scopes. The overlap between the glo...

Visual communication has always been one of the primary forms of human expression. Moreover, since the digital revolution, we are leaving in between two phenomena: the so-called société du spectacle directly relying on images as social representation and the information society. More than ever, we are living an abundance of mass picture production...

The paper presents and discusses a participatory project of a transmedia application Muoviti! based on biofeedback data to be used both with smartphones and wearable devices aimed to help people practising a regular and moderate physical activity in order to stay healthy and motivated. The application has been co-design with users – both female and...

Many of the cultural heritage stored in archives are related to past event of whom they are primary or indirect document sources. Furthermore, they are concerned not only with the time evolution, but also to the spatial location. The richness and complexity of these relationships get often lost when archives are organized and digitized. Portals and...

Color is one of the most influential assets in the language of visual design. It is often used to emphasize, differentiate or to connotate graphic messages in many different contexts from brand to interface design. Many of our interactions with the physical or digital environment surrounding us is mediated by chromatic information. Although color b...

Virtual reality and augmented reality are, nowadays one of the most powerful ways to represent in a 3-dimensional way non-existing objects in a physical environment. The mobile revolution and the introduction of wearable devices, such as Microsoft HoloLens, Google Card Board or the VR Oculus Rift, have made these technologies furthermore accessible...

The paper discusses the importance and role of visual story telling skills in the field of non-designers education as an effective ideation and expressive medium. It presents the process and results of an experimental design workshop held as a warm up activity inside the Visual Design and Visual Communication and Interface Design classes at Univers...

The paper is aimed to explore and to conduct a critical review of the latest position in the debate of the aesthetic dimension of visual design applied to graphical, multimodal and virtual interfaces in the digital field and its impact on the experience of people. The relationship between form and function —aesthetic values and technical issues— ha...

The digital revolution is changing the space and the concept of cultural heritage. Furthermore, mobile devices – thanks to geolocalization, augmented/virtual reality, ubiquitous and multimodal interactions – transform the cultural storytelling in a pervasive and ongoing experience crossing seamlessly the boundaries between places of preservation an...

On the one hand, space is built according to a top-down development approach, on the other, it is the result of informal, bottom-up activities of everyday life. The cultural heritage to preserve is, therefore, a melted contribution both of professional planners and spontaneous behaviors of citizens, city-users, and tourists, directly involved or un...

The paper is aimed to explore and to conduct a critical review on the latest position in the debate of the aesthetic dimension of visual design applied to graphical, multimodal and virtual interfaces in the digital field and its impact on the experience of people. Grounded in the vitruvian’s 3 pillars, evolved in the industrial revolution culture b...

The paper is aimed to present research approaches and methods coming from the environmental and cognitive psychology to explore and understand the social interactions an representation that people have of a certain environment. According to this multidisciplinary perspective on space understanding, conceptualization —based on visual metaphors and d...

Environmental psychology is a wide interdisciplinary research field, risen in the ’60, in which psychological issues, urban planning theories and ethnographical studies meet and create an original perspective on the cognitive and physical relationship between people and the space. According to researches developed by Bateson, Brunswik, Gibson, Kapl...

L’introduzione delle tecnologie digitali nel mondo del graphic design a partire dagli anni ottanta dà origine a un insieme di competenze, metodologie e figure professionali che può essere indicato con l’espressione digital design. In questo contesto, molte donne sono state protagoniste, presenze significative e strategiche, contribuendo con intuizi...

As Apple firstly launched iPhone in 2007, first generation of mobile devices rapidly raised using the same interface design approach establish by iOS Human Interface Guidelines that means skeuomorphysm. The interface of iOS and Android smartphones were 3D, bold, rounded, coloured, shaded and hyper-metaphorically similar to the real world. As always...

As Apple firstly launched iPhone in 2007, first generation of mobile devices rapidly raised using the same interface design approach establish by iOS Human Interface Guidelines that means skeuomorphysm. The interface of iOS and Android smartphones were 3D, bold, rounded, coloured, shaded and hyper-metaphorically similar to the real world. As always...

Physical activity (PA) is considered one of the most important factors for the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Mobile technologies offer several opportunities for supporting PA, especially if combined with psychological aspects, model-based reasoning systems and personalized human computer interaction. This still on-g...

In the last few decades many libraries, archives, museum or ephemeral exhibition were transformed in virtual experiences or digital formats due to their own preservation. Nevertheless digitalization is just the first step to preserve knowledge and original documentation to bring them to future generations. The challenge and potentiality of digital...

The paper is aimed to explore and discuss the way we evaluate, asses and test with users mobile applications—which main interaction modality is GPS and geo-referenced data—both in-lab and en plein air. The research intends to asses user experience evaluating methodologies to have better insight to understand how to design and plan spatial interacti...

The paper presents an experimental project of a digital mobile and geobased signage system applied to a public space—the University of Milano-Bicocca Campus—and to a digital information tool aimed to guide the choices of students in choosing their university career and to support them along the experience (called the Students’ Guide). The project a...

as Habermas, Maturana & Varela or Levin, the design applied to digital artefacts, products and services —due to the convergence of media, deceives and technologies— is becoming even more a bio-sphere, or, with the words of Vernadskij, a Noosphere. The cultural shifting is represented both in the process side and in the approach to the whole design...

Speech at 6th IFDP - Systems & Design: Beyond Processes and Thinking

Slide dell’intervento al convegno organizzato da AIS Design (Associazione Italiana Storici Design) Angelica e Bradamante le Donne del Design 17 e 18 giugno 2016 - Triennale di Milano

The research explores and maps the emerging phenomena in exhibition design, assuming that architecture-as a spatial issue and technology-as tool of expansion of multimodal experiences-is giving way to more intangible assets and values to redefine its methodology and culture. That means knowledge convergence among material and digital culture, desig...

In the last few decades many libraries, archives, museum or ephemeral exhibition were transformed in virtual experiences or digital formats due to their own preservation. Nevertheless digitalization is just the first step to preserve knowledge and original documentation to bring them to future generations. The challenge and potentiality of digital...

The paper explores the relationship between space and time through the memory based experience of serendipity. GeoLapse – the name of the prototypal mobile app – is based on the idea of allowing users to send messages located in space and – simultaneously or asynchronously – in time aimed to create a sort of digital time-capsule. Keywords: Space-ba...

The mobile revolution has become the main access gate to Internet in a diffused communication ecosystems. Consequently the apps become the interface mediation between the user and the real/virtual space of information. The opportunity of associating data to a physical position requires deeper thought: this means the interweaving between perception...

The research proposes a critical mapping of evaluation methods and user-centered approaches typical of the user experience design applicable to interactive geo-localized data systems – for example, usability user test – according to the emerging patter of mobile user experience and geo-interfaces usability in location-based services.

Web 3.0 is changing the world we live and percei- ve the environment anthropomorphized, making a stratification of levels of experience and media- ted by the devices. If the urban landscape is designed, shaped and planned space, there is a social landscape that overwrite the territory of values, representa- tions, shared images, narratives of perso...

Web Usability è una guida pragmatica e completa al mondo della User Experience per creare siti Internet belli da vedere, facili da usare e vicini alle esigenze delle persone. Come ca-pire da zero, passo dopo passo, se un sito funziona in termini ciente e piacevole? Come migliorare la comunicazione digita-le e come vendere di più online? Questo libr...

The exhibition design has always been – among other design disciplines – one of the most innovative field of experimentation both for languages and projects improvement. Moreover in the recent years the use of digital technologies, on one hand, and the further more active participation of the public – or, better to say, of the user – on the other h...

The opportunity of mobility, mass tourism and Internet have allowed many peo- ple to know places, museums, environment, cultures before otherwise precluded to direct expe- rience. O n the other hand, this potential has taken a sort of consumerist drift that makes contacts superficial, stereotypical and sometimes predatory rather than a mutual excha...

di fatto inaugurato una seconda fase nell'evoluzione di internet o forse la più piena maturazione delle idee originali ed originarie della sua nascita, la rete sembra entrare — con meno clamore mediatico, ma con un cambiamento di paradigmi ancora più radicale — nella sua terza era o come sostenuto da Jeffrey Zeldman già dal 2006 nella fase 3.0. La...

Information technology and the new mobile revolution could be a strategic resource in the field of humanities studies and a powerful tool to bring culture in to people’s everyday life. The research explores the potentialities of the Web 3.0 applied to Cultural Heritage and tests three of its features: the semantic information architecture and the a...

People interact with a place by building mental models according to their priority and experience. The geospatial and social dimensions with the massive introduction of mobile devices are changing the context use of the Web and strengthening the link between spatial, social and digital experiences in a even more social-space-based information archi...

La ricerca si inserisce nel più vasto panorama della comunicazione visiva e della progettazione ergonomica applicata ai progetti di tipo segnaletico ed ambientale. Partendo da un approccio focalizzato sull’utente (user-centerd) il progetto esplora le possibilità di realizzare sistemi informativi ambientali che supportino e semplifichino l’esplorazi...

The spread of social dynamics of web 2.0 and the SPIME devices (Sterling 2006) which allow consultation georeferenced and in mobile context of internet data have introduced new challenges to the classic (web) interfaces and interactive systems design models. The approaches of the design disciplines – based on problem-solving, analytical & synthetic...

People establish connections with the territory that live in and the territory is modelled by their presence. The sedimentation of the places, by chance or planned, get inhabited people according to models and connections that are deeply linked to the individual and social experience. The digital territories as social-network seem to set up similar...

The paper intends to analyze the relationship between professional and user-generated content in the context of the Italian daily press. The Italian publishing market is living now - and increasingly through the introduction of mobile devices - the transition from paper to digital. Beyond the logistical and organizational implications of the two cr...

Exhibition design as preferential research framework in redefining interior spaces value-ratio in contemporary architecture debate: the merging end integration approach introduced by communication and performative exhibition practices is redesigning culturally and physically the pre-existing spaces. Exhibition design research innovative carrying ou...

The paper is aimed to introduce the application of the Cognitive Maps concept to the web design interfaces. Cognitive Maps allows the graphical representation of the information architecture highlighting the hierarchies, the nodes the physical (hypertextual) and conceptual connections between site contents. The interaction with the Information is b...

This paper proposes a theoretical contribution to the study of visual and synesthetic design: the concept of Multimodal Directing in New Media is approached, defined and developed. The starting point of research is to define New Media as communication tools structured around links and multimodal communicational resources. Many active communication...